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How to Improve Problem-Solving Skills: Mathematics and Critical Thinking

how-to-improve-problem-solving-skills

In today’s rapidly changing world, problem-solving has become a quintessential skill. When we discuss the topic, it’s natural to ask, “What is problem-solving?” and “How can we enhance this skill, particularly in children?” The discipline of mathematics offers a rich platform to explore these questions. Through math, not only do we delve into numbers and equations, but we also explore how to improve problem-solving skills and how to develop critical thinking skills in math. Let’s embark on this enlightening journey together.

What is Problem-Solving?

At its core, problem-solving involves identifying a challenge and finding a solution. But it’s not always as straightforward as it sounds. So, what is problem-solving? True problem-solving requires a combination of creative thinking and logical reasoning. Mathematics, in many ways, embodies this blend. When a student approaches a math problem, they must discern the issue at hand, consider various methods to tackle it, and then systematically execute their chosen strategy.

But what is problem-solving in a broader context? It’s a life skill. Whether we’re deciding the best route to a destination, determining how to save for a big purchase, or even figuring out how to fix a broken appliance, we’re using problem-solving.

How to Develop Critical Thinking Skills in Math

Critical thinking goes hand in hand with problem-solving. But exactly how to develop critical thinking skills in math might not be immediately obvious. Here are a few strategies:

  • Contextual Learning: Teaching math within a story or real-life scenario makes it relevant. When students see math as a tool to navigate the world around them, they naturally begin to think critically about solutions.
  • Open-ended Questions: Instead of merely seeking the “right” answer, encourage students to explain their thought processes. This nudges them to think deeply about their approach.
  • Group Discussions: Collaborative learning can foster different perspectives, prompting students to consider multiple ways to solve a problem.
  • Challenging Problems: Occasionally introducing problems that are a bit beyond a student’s current skill level can stimulate critical thinking. They will have to stretch their understanding and think outside the box.

What are the Six Basic Steps of the Problem-Solving Process?

Understanding how to improve problem-solving skills often comes down to familiarizing oneself with the systematic approach to challenges. So, what are the six basic steps of the problem-solving process?

  • Identification: Recognize and define the problem.
  • Analysis: Understand the problem’s intricacies and nuances.
  • Generation of Alternatives: Think of different ways to approach the challenge.
  • Decision Making: Choose the most suitable method to address the problem.
  • Implementation: Put the chosen solution into action.
  • Evaluation: Reflect on the solution’s effectiveness and learn from the outcome.

By embedding these steps into mathematical education, we provide students with a structured framework. When they wonder about how to improve problem-solving skills or how to develop critical thinking skills in math, they can revert to this process, refining their approach with each new challenge.

Making Math Fun and Relevant

At Wonder Math, we believe that the key to developing robust problem-solving skills lies in making math enjoyable and pertinent. When students see math not just as numbers on a page but as a captivating story or a real-world problem to be solved, their engagement skyrockets. And with heightened engagement comes enhanced understanding.

As educators and parents, it’s crucial to continuously ask ourselves: how can we demonstrate to our children what problem-solving is? How can we best teach them how to develop critical thinking skills in math? And how can we instill in them an understanding of the six basic steps of the problem-solving process?

The answer, we believe, lies in active learning, contextual teaching, and a genuine passion for the beauty of mathematics.

The Underlying Beauty of Mathematics

Often, people perceive mathematics as a rigid discipline confined to numbers and formulas. However, this is a limited view. Math, in essence, is a language that describes patterns, relationships, and structures. It’s a medium through which we can communicate complex ideas, describe our universe, and solve intricate problems. Understanding this deeper beauty of math can further emphasize how to develop critical thinking skills in math.

Why Mathematics is the Ideal Playground for Problem-Solving

Math provides endless opportunities for problem-solving. From basic arithmetic puzzles to advanced calculus challenges, every math problem offers a chance to hone our problem-solving skills. But why is mathematics so effective in this regard?

  • Structured Challenges: Mathematics presents problems in a structured manner, allowing learners to systematically break them down. This format mimics real-world scenarios where understanding the structure of a challenge can be half the battle.
  • Multiple Approaches: Most math problems can be approached in various ways . This teaches learners flexibility in thinking and the ability to view a single issue from multiple angles.
  • Immediate Feedback: Unlike many real-world problems where solutions might take time to show results, in math, students often get immediate feedback. They can quickly gauge if their approach works or if they need to rethink their strategy.

Enhancing the Learning Environment

To genuinely harness the power of mathematics in developing problem-solving skills, the learning environment plays a crucial role. A student who is afraid of making mistakes will hesitate to try out different approaches, stunting their critical thinking growth.

However, in a nurturing, supportive environment where mistakes are seen as learning opportunities, students thrive. They become more willing to take risks, try unconventional solutions, and learn from missteps. This mindset, where failure is not feared but embraced as a part of the learning journey, is pivotal for developing robust problem-solving skills.

Incorporating Technology

In our digital age, technology offers innovative ways to explore math. Interactive apps and online platforms can provide dynamic problem-solving scenarios, making the process even more engaging. These tools can simulate real-world challenges, allowing students to apply their math skills in diverse contexts, further answering the question of how to improve problem-solving skills.

More than Numbers 

In summary, mathematics is more than just numbers and formulas—it’s a world filled with challenges, patterns, and beauty. By understanding its depth and leveraging its structured nature, we can provide learners with the perfect platform to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The key lies in blending traditional techniques with modern tools, creating a holistic learning environment that fosters growth, curiosity, and a lifelong love for learning.

Join us on this transformative journey at Wonder Math. Let’s make math an adventure, teaching our children not just numbers and equations, but also how to improve problem-solving skills and navigate the world with confidence. Enroll your child today and witness the magic of mathematics unfold before your eyes!

FAQ: Mathematics and Critical Thinking

1. what is problem-solving in the context of mathematics.

Problem-solving in mathematics refers to the process of identifying a mathematical challenge and systematically working through methods and strategies to find a solution.

2. Why is math considered a good avenue for developing problem-solving skills?

Mathematics provides structured challenges and allows for multiple approaches to find solutions. This promotes flexibility in thinking and encourages learners to view problems from various angles.

3. How does contextual learning enhance problem-solving abilities?

By teaching math within a story or real-life scenario, it becomes more relevant for the learner. This helps them see math as a tool to navigate real-world challenges , thereby promoting critical thinking.

4. What are the six basic steps of the problem-solving process in math?

The six steps are: Identification, Analysis, Generation of Alternatives, Decision Making, Implementation, and Evaluation.

5. How can parents support their children in developing mathematical problem-solving skills?

Parents can provide real-life contexts for math problems , encourage open discussions about different methods, and ensure a supportive environment where mistakes are seen as learning opportunities.

6. Are there any tools or apps that can help in enhancing problem-solving skills in math?

Yes, there are various interactive apps and online platforms designed specifically for math learning. These tools provide dynamic problem-solving scenarios and simulate real-world challenges, making the learning process engaging.

7. How does group discussion foster critical thinking in math?

Group discussions allow students to hear different perspectives and approaches to a problem. This can challenge their own understanding and push them to think about alternative methods.

8. Is it necessary to always follow the six steps of the problem-solving process sequentially?

While the six steps provide a structured approach, real-life problem-solving can sometimes be more fluid. It’s beneficial to know the steps, but adaptability and responsiveness to the situation are also crucial.

9. How does Wonder Math incorporate active learning in teaching mathematics?

Wonder Math integrates mathematics within engaging stories and real-world scenarios, making it fun and relevant. This active learning approach ensures that students are not just passive recipients but active participants in the learning process.

10. What if my child finds a math problem too challenging and becomes demotivated?

It’s essential to create a supportive environment where challenges are seen as growth opportunities. Remind them that every problem is a chance to learn, and it’s okay to seek help or approach it differently.

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20 Effective Math Strategies To Approach Problem-Solving 

Katie Keeton

Math strategies for problem-solving help students use a range of approaches to solve many different types of problems. It involves identifying the problem and carrying out a plan of action to find the answer to mathematical problems.  

Problem-solving skills are essential to math in the general classroom and real-life. They require logical reasoning and critical thinking skills. Students must be equipped with strategies to help them find solutions to problems.

This article explores mathematical problem solving strategies, logical reasoning and critical thinking skills to help learners with solving math word problems independently in real-life situations. 

What are problem-solving strategies?

Problem-solving strategies in math are methods students can use to figure out solutions to math problems. Some problem-solving strategies: 

  • Draw a model
  • Use different approaches
  • Check the inverse to make sure the answer is correct

Students need to have a toolkit of math problem-solving strategies at their disposal to provide different ways to approach math problems. This makes it easier to find solutions and understand math better. 

Strategies can help guide students to the solution when it is difficult ot know when to start.

The ultimate guide to problem solving techniques

The ultimate guide to problem solving techniques

Download these ready-to-go problem solving techniques that every student should know. Includes printable tasks for students including challenges, short explanations for teachers with questioning prompts.

20 Math Strategies For Problem-Solving

Different problem-solving math strategies are required for different parts of the problem. It is unlikely that students will use the same strategy to understand and solve the problem. 

Here are 20 strategies to help students develop their problem-solving skills. 

Strategies to understand the problem

Strategies that help students understand the problem before solving it helps ensure they understand: 

  • The context
  • What the key information is
  • How to form a plan to solve it

Following these steps leads students to the correct solution and makes the math word problem easier .

Here are five strategies to help students understand the content of the problem and identify key information. 

1. Read the problem aloud

Read a word problem aloud to help understand it. Hearing the words engages auditory processing. This can make it easier to process and comprehend the context of the situation.

2. Highlight keywords 

When keywords are highlighted in a word problem, it helps the student focus on the essential information needed to solve it. Some important keywords help determine which operation is needed.  For example, if the word problem asks how many are left, the problem likely requires subtraction.  Ensure students highlight the keywords carefully and do not highlight every number or keyword. There is likely irrelevant information in the word problem.

3. Summarize the information

Read the problem aloud, highlight the key information and then summarize the information. Students can do this in their heads or write down a quick summary.  Summaries should include only the important information and be in simple terms that help contextualize the problem.

4. Determine the unknown

A common problem that students have when solving a word problem is misunderstanding what they are solving. Determine what the unknown information is before finding the answer.  Often, a word problem contains a question where you can find the unknown information you need to solve. For example, in the question ‘How many apples are left?’ students need to find the number of apples left over.

5. Make a plan

Once students understand the context of the word problem, have dentified the important information and determined the unknown, they can make a plan to solve it.  The plan will depend on the type of problem. Some problems involve more than one step to solve them as some require more than one answer.  Encourage students to make a list of each step they need to take to solve the problem before getting started.

Strategies for solving the problem 

1. draw a model or diagram.

Students may find it useful to draw a model, picture, diagram, or other visual aid to help with the problem solving process.  It can help to visualize the problem to understand the relationships between the numbers in the problem. In turn, this helps students see the solution.

math problem that needs a problem solving strategy

Similarly, you could draw a model to represent the objects in the problem:

math problem requiring problem solving

2. Act it out

This particular strategy is applicable at any grade level but is especially helpful in math investigation in elementary school . It involves a physical demonstration or students acting out the problem using movements, concrete resources and math manipulatives .  When students act out a problem, they can visualize and contectualize the word problem in another way and secure an understanding of the math concepts.  The examples below show how 1st-grade students could “act out” an addition and subtraction problem:

3. Work backwards

Working backwards is a popular problem-solving strategy. It involves starting with a possible solution and deciding what steps to take to arrive at that solution.  This strategy can be particularly helpful when students solve math word problems involving multiple steps. They can start at the end and think carefully about each step taken as opposed to jumping to the end of the problem and missing steps in between.

For example,

problem solving math question 1

To solve this problem working backwards, start with the final condition, which is Sam’s grandmother’s age (71) and work backwards to find Sam’s age. Subtract 20 from the grandmother’s age, which is 71.  Then, divide the result by 3 to get Sam’s age. 71 – 20 = 51 51 ÷ 3 = 17 Sam is 17 years old.

4. Write a number sentence

When faced with a word problem, encourage students to write a number sentence based on the information. This helps translate the information in the word problem into a math equation or expression, which is more easily solved.  It is important to fully understand the context of the word problem and what students need to solve before writing an equation to represent it.

5. Use a formula

Specific formulas help solve many math problems. For example, if a problem asks students to find the area of a rug, they would use the area formula (area = length × width) to solve.   Make sure students know the important mathematical formulas they will need in tests and real-life. It can help to display these around the classroom or, for those who need more support, on students’ desks.

Strategies for checking the solution 

Once the problem is solved using an appropriate strategy, it is equally important to check the solution to ensure it is correct and makes sense. 

There are many strategies to check the solution. The strategy for a specific problem is dependent on the problem type and math content involved.

Here are five strategies to help students check their solutions. 

1. Use the Inverse Operation

For simpler problems, a quick and easy problem solving strategy is to use the inverse operation. For example, if the operation to solve a word problem is 56 ÷ 8 = 7 students can check the answer is correct by multiplying 8 × 7. As good practice, encourage students to use the inverse operation routinely to check their work. 

2. Estimate to check for reasonableness

Once students reach an answer, they can use estimation or rounding to see if the answer is reasonable.  Round each number in the equation to a number that’s close and easy to work with, usually a multiple of ten.  For example, if the question was 216 ÷ 18 and the quotient was 12, students might round 216 to 200 and round 18 to 20. Then use mental math to solve 200 ÷ 20, which is 10.  When the estimate is clear the two numbers are close. This means your answer is reasonable. 

3. Plug-In Method

This method is particularly useful for algebraic equations. Specifically when working with variables.  To use the plug-in method, students solve the problem as asked and arrive at an answer. They can then plug the answer into the original equation to see if it works. If it does, the answer is correct.

Problem solving math problem 2

If students use the equation 20m+80=300 to solve this problem and find that m = 11, they can plug that value back into the equation to see if it is correct. 20m + 80 = 300 20 (11) + 80 = 300 220 + 80 = 300 300 = 300 ✓

4. Peer Review

Peer review is a great tool to use at any grade level as it promotes critical thinking and collaboration between students. The reviewers can look at the problem from a different view as they check to see if the problem was solved correctly.   Problem solvers receive immediate feedback and the opportunity to discuss their thinking with their peers. This strategy is effective with mixed-ability partners or similar-ability partners. In mixed-ability groups, the partner with stronger skills provides guidance and support to the partner with weaker skills, while reinforcing their own understanding of the content and communication skills.  If partners have comparable ability levels and problem-solving skills, they may find that they approach problems differently or have unique insights to offer each other about the problem-solving process.

5. Use a Calculator

A calculator can be introduced at any grade level but may be best for older students who already have a foundational understanding of basic math operations. Provide students with a calculator to allow them to check their solutions independently, accurately, and quickly. Since calculators are so readily available on smartphones and tablets, they allow students to develop practical skills that apply to real-world situations.  

Step-by-step problem-solving processes for your classroom

In his book, How to Solve It , published in 1945, mathematician George Polya introduced a 4-step process to solve problems. 

Polya’s 4 steps include:

  • Understand the problem
  • Devise a plan
  • Carry out the plan

Today, in the style of George Polya, many problem-solving strategies use various acronyms and steps to help students recall. 

Many teachers create posters and anchor charts of their chosen process to display in their classrooms. They can be implemented in any elementary, middle school or high school classroom. 

Here are 5 problem-solving strategies to introduce to students and use in the classroom.

CUBES math strategy for problem solving

How Third Space Learning improves problem-solving 

Resources .

Third Space Learning offers a free resource library is filled with hundreds of high-quality resources. A team of experienced math experts carefully created each resource to develop students mental arithmetic, problem solving and critical thinking. 

Explore the range of problem solving resources for 2nd to 8th grade students. 

One-on-one tutoring 

Third Space Learning offers one-on-one math tutoring to help students improve their math skills. Highly qualified tutors deliver high-quality lessons aligned to state standards. 

Former teachers and math experts write all of Third Space Learning’s tutoring lessons. Expertly designed lessons follow a “my turn, follow me, your turn” pedagogy to help students move from guided instruction and problem-solving to independent practice. 

Throughout each lesson, tutors ask higher-level thinking questions to promote critical thinking and ensure students are developing a deep understanding of the content and problem-solving skills.

how to be good at problem solving maths

Problem-solving

Educators can use many different strategies to teach problem-solving and help students develop and carry out a plan when solving math problems. Incorporate these math strategies into any math program and use them with a variety of math concepts, from whole numbers and fractions to algebra. 

Teaching students how to choose and implement problem-solving strategies helps them develop mathematical reasoning skills and critical thinking they can apply to real-life problem-solving.

READ MORE :

  • 8 Common Core math examples
  • Tier 3 Interventions: A School Leaders Guide
  • Tier 2 Interventions: A School Leaders Guide
  • Tier 1 Interventions: A School Leaders Guide

There are many different strategies for problem-solving; Here are 5 problem-solving strategies: • draw a model  • act it out  • work backwards  • write a number sentence • use a formula

Here are 10 strategies for problem-solving: • Read the problem aloud • Highlight keywords • Summarize the information • Determine the unknown • Make a plan • Draw a model  • Act it out  • Work backwards  • Write a number sentence • Use a formula

1. Understand the problem 2. Devise a plan 3. Carry out the plan 4. Look back

Some strategies you can use to solve challenging math problems are: breaking the problem into smaller parts, using diagrams or models, applying logical reasoning, and trying different approaches.

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Khan Academy Blog

Unlocking the Power of Math Learning: Strategies and Tools for Success

posted on September 20, 2023

how to be good at problem solving maths

Mathematics, the foundation of all sciences and technology, plays a fundamental role in our everyday lives. Yet many students find the subject challenging, causing them to shy away from it altogether. This reluctance is often due to a lack of confidence, a misunderstanding of unclear concepts, a move ahead to more advanced skills before they are ready, and ineffective learning methods. However, with the right approach, math learning can be both rewarding and empowering. This post will explore different approaches to learning math, strategies for success, and cutting-edge tools to help you achieve your goals.

Math Learning

Math learning can take many forms, including traditional classroom instruction, online courses, and self-directed learning. A multifaceted approach to math learning can improve understanding, engage students, and promote subject mastery. A 2014 study by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics found that the use of multiple representations, such as visual aids, graphs, and real-world examples, supports the development of mathematical connections, reasoning, and problem-solving skills.

Moreover, the importance of math learning goes beyond solving equations and formulas. Advanced math skills are essential for success in many fields, including science, engineering, finance, health care, and technology. In fact, a report by Burning Glass Technologies found that 71% of high-salary, entry-level positions require advanced math skills.

Benefits of Math Learning

In today’s 21st-century world, having a broad knowledge base and strong reading and math skills is essential. Mathematical literacy plays a crucial role in this success. It empowers individuals to comprehend the world around them and make well-informed decisions based on data-driven understanding. More than just earning good grades in math, mathematical literacy is a vital life skill that can open doors to economic opportunities, improve financial management, and foster critical thinking. We’re not the only ones who say so:

  • Math learning enhances problem-solving skills, critical thinking, and logical reasoning abilities. (Source: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics )
  • It improves analytical skills that can be applied in various real-life situations, such as budgeting or analyzing data. (Source: Southern New Hampshire University )
  • Math learning promotes creativity and innovation by fostering a deep understanding of patterns and relationships. (Source: Purdue University )
  • It provides a strong foundation for careers in fields such as engineering, finance, computer science, and more. These careers generally correlate to high wages. (Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics )
  • Math skills are transferable and can be applied across different academic disciplines. (Source: Sydney School of Education and Social Work )

How to Know What Math You Need to Learn

Often students will find gaps in their math knowledge; this can occur at any age or skill level. As math learning is generally iterative, a solid foundation and understanding of the math skills that preceded current learning are key to success. The solution to these gaps is called mastery learning, the philosophy that underpins Khan Academy’s approach to education .

Mastery learning is an educational philosophy that emphasizes the importance of a student fully understanding a concept before moving on to the next one. Rather than rushing students through a curriculum, mastery learning asks educators to ensure that learners have “mastered” a topic or skill, showing a high level of proficiency and understanding, before progressing. This approach is rooted in the belief that all students can learn given the appropriate learning conditions and enough time, making it a markedly student-centered method. It promotes thoroughness over speed and encourages individualized learning paths, thus catering to the unique learning needs of each student.

Students will encounter mastery learning passively as they go through Khan Academy coursework, as our platform identifies gaps and systematically adjusts to support student learning outcomes. More details can be found in our Educators Hub . 

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How to learn math.

Learning at School

One of the most common methods of math instruction is classroom learning. In-class instruction provides students with real-time feedback, practical application, and a peer-learning environment. Teachers can personalize instruction by assessing students’ strengths and weaknesses, providing remediation when necessary, and offering advanced instruction to students who need it.

Learning at Home

Supplemental learning at home can complement traditional classroom instruction. For example, using online resources that provide additional practice opportunities, interactive games, and demonstrations, can help students consolidate learning outside of class. E-learning has become increasingly popular, with a wealth of online resources available to learners of all ages. The benefits of online learning include flexibility, customization, and the ability to work at one’s own pace. One excellent online learning platform is Khan Academy, which offers free video tutorials, interactive practice exercises, and a wealth of resources across a range of mathematical topics.

Moreover, parents can encourage and monitor progress, answer questions, and demonstrate practical applications of math in everyday life. For example, when at the grocery store, parents can ask their children to help calculate the price per ounce of two items to discover which one is the better deal. Cooking and baking with your children also provides a lot of opportunities to use math skills, like dividing a recipe in half or doubling the ingredients. 

Learning Math with the Help of Artificial Intelligence (AI) 

AI-powered tools are changing the way students learn math. Personalized feedback and adaptive practice help target individual needs. Virtual tutors offer real-time help with math concepts while AI algorithms identify areas for improvement. Custom math problems provide tailored practice, and natural language processing allows for instant question-and-answer sessions. 

Using Khan Academy’s AI Tutor, Khanmigo

Transform your child’s grasp of mathematics with Khanmigo , the 24/7 AI-powered tutor that specializes in tailored, one-on-one math instruction. Available at any time, Khanmigo provides personalized support that goes beyond mere answers to nurture genuine mathematical understanding and critical thinking. Khanmigo can track progress, identify strengths and weaknesses, and offer real-time feedback to help students stay on the right track. Within a secure and ethical AI framework, your child can tackle everything from basic arithmetic to complex calculus, all while you maintain oversight using robust parental controls.

Get Math Help with Khanmigo Right Now

You can learn anything .

Math learning is essential for success in the modern world, and with the right approach, it can also be enjoyable and rewarding. Learning math requires curiosity, diligence, and the ability to connect abstract concepts with real-world applications. Strategies for effective math learning include a multifaceted approach, including classroom instruction, online courses, homework, tutoring, and personalized AI support. 

So, don’t let math anxiety hold you back; take advantage of available resources and technology to enhance your knowledge base and enjoy the benefits of math learning.

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, “Principles to Actions: Ensuring Mathematical Success for All” , April 2014

Project Lead The Way Research Report, “The Power of Transportable Skills: Assessing the Demand and Value of the Skills of the Future” , 2020

Page. M, “Why Develop Quantitative and Qualitative Data Analysis Skills?” , 2016

Mann. EL, Creativity: The Essence of Mathematics, Journal for the Education of the Gifted. Vol. 30, No. 2, 2006, pp. 236–260, http://www.prufrock.com ’

Nakakoji Y, Wilson R.” Interdisciplinary Learning in Mathematics and Science: Transfer of Learning for 21st Century Problem Solving at University ”. J Intell. 2020 Sep 1;8(3):32. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence8030032. PMID: 32882908; PMCID: PMC7555771.

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How To Get Better at Math: 10 Effective Ways

Young girl writing on a worksheet with a teacher helping

If there’s one thing that students, teachers, and parents can agree on, it’s that math tends to remain one of the more complex and challenging subjects for students. Understanding complex concepts may not come easy for many students, often making them wonder how they can improve and overcome their fear of the subject and work on how to get better at math.

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As challenging as math may seem, a few effective strategies can help students improve their math skills. These strategies range from approaching their teacher for help after class, adopting effective studying strategies, and avoiding distractions, among others!  

How to Get Better at Math: 10 Simple Steps

Surprised young boy holding a book

As parents and teachers, navigating all the purported means and resources available online can be challenging. After all, identifying what might work for their children and students to help them excel in mathematics is key. But worry not! We’ve put together some of the best approaches and avenues to help with just that. 

1.  Approach Your Teacher for Help

As obvious as this may sound, asking your child to approach their teacher for help can do wonders. Figuring out how to get better at math is easier once a teacher is in the loop, as teachers are more than willing to provide one-on-one attention to students who may be struggling in their class. Sitting down with a teacher can help students get the extra attention they need to understand core concepts. 

Students are usually reluctant to approach their teachers for help outside of class hours, but you’d be surprised to see how enthusiastic teachers are to lend a hand to students who need extra help. Teachers, most likely including your child, have dealt with and helped students struggling in math before and are well-equipped to deal with students who may need extra attention. 

Recognizing the availability and willingness of a teacher to help is critical to kickstarting one-on-one sessions that can provide your child the extra attention they need to start excelling at math. So if your child is struggling in their math class, encourage them to approach their teacher, explain what they have difficulty understanding, and sit down with them. 

2. Practice Makes Perfect

Crossword pieces aligned to read practice makes perfect

The effect a consistent practice routine can have on developing and strengthening numerical literacy cannot be overstated. Setting aside a little time to practice every day can lead to big leaps! Establishing a schedule is key to ensuring that students’ time for consistent practice is available daily. 

Tackling math problems regularly can help students better grasp the abstract nature of mathematical concepts and demystify their complexities. A wealth of resources available on the internet can provide students access to math problems suited to their grades, which they can use to practice every day. 

If finding problems to solve regularly remains challenging, ask your child to approach their teachers. They’d be happy to provide you with the required resources. If you’re wondering how to get better at math, all you have to do is practice. 

3. Focus on the Fundamentals

To figure out how to improve in math, start with the basics. It’s important to have a clear and solid grasp of the fundamentals before jumping to the next topic. Students must have a strong command over basic arithmetic functions to tackle problems suited to their grade level effectively.

If your child or student wants to master multiplication, they should have a solid conceptual grasp of addition and subtraction. If they’re going to master square numbers and roots, they ought to have a clear command over multiplication and division. 

Ensuring focus on understanding the fundamentals can go a long way in helping students manage the subject’s complexities. On that note, ensure that your student or child does not skip topics they find overwhelming or challenging and jump to another one. This momentary escape can prove counterintuitive and restrict progress with other mathematical topics.

4. Don’t Skip Your Homework

A mother helping her child with something on a laptop

If a classroom is where the learning happens, it is at home that students get a chance to test what they’ve learned. Making sure that a child consistently tackles the assigned homework is crucial to ensure that they can keep up with the learning in the classroom. 

Homework is a vehicle that helps students test their grasp of fundamentals and, more importantly, helps them recognize gaps in their learning. Homework isn’t just about getting all the right answers but also about identifying where a student is struggling so that they can inform their teacher and get the extra attention or help they need to bridge crucial learning gaps. 

Setting aside some time every day, preferably at the same time and place, to focus on and complete the assigned homework after classes can make focusing at home easier while ensuring that students give their homework the time and attention it deserves. 

5. Restricting Distractions

Whether your child is doing their homework or studying in a classroom, there are a million things that could distract them and limit their ability to focus on their studies. Limiting distractions can go a long way in ensuring their focus. When your child is home, it might help ensure that the TV is switched off and their cell phone is put away so they can give their homework undivided attention. 

If your child is in the classroom and is sitting beside a friend who wants to discuss the latest episode of a TV show they’ve both been watching, it might be best to save that talk for their lunch break. Keep reminding your child to ward off distractions when they’re in class.

When your child studies, ensure they do their best to focus on just that— studying. It might even help to divide their study sessions into 20, 30, or 40 minutes, depending on how long they’re comfortable studying without feeling the need to take a break. Figuring out how to improve math can be tricky, but restricting distractions is half the work. There’s a reason why classes generally don’t go on for more than an hour.

6. Deconstruct Complex Problems into Smaller Ones

Whether your child is in elementary, middle, or high school, it’s not difficult to imagine a moment where they might find themselves overwhelmed by a tricky problem that makes them wonder if you’re even sitting in the right classroom. 

Complex math problems take different forms and shapes, depending on whether they deal with simple arithmetics at the elementary level, basic algebra in middle school, or advanced trigonometry in high school. 

Young girl plays with building blocks

The key to solving a complex problem is to take a good look at the problem and ask yourself how you can break it down into smaller parts. If children are looking at a problem and need help understanding how to break it down into simpler and more manageable pieces, it might be because they need to brush up on their fundamentals. 

It is important to pay close attention to teachers when they explain the steps involved in tackling any problem, complex or straightforward, to have a firm grasp of the approaches available to solve a problem. 

Essentially, math is just about breaking down complex problems into simpler ones and then dealing with them individually until you arrive at an answer. Understanding how to be good at math is all about breaking down complex problems into smaller, more manageable chunks. 

7. Make Notes and Go Over Them Regularly

In this day and age, with a wealth of resources available on the internet, it’s easy to contemplate the value of good old-fashioned notes and note-taking. Why should we bother making our own notes when we can find plenty of websites that provide great, concise notes for free? If you’ve ever wondered how to get better at math, there are a few strong reasons why you should consider making your notes. 

Young boy studying and writing with pencil

For starters, making notes can help you improve your conceptual clarity of a subject matter by breaking down complex concepts and information into smaller, digestible chunks using your knowledge and understanding. The very process of writing something down on a piece of paper (or a tablet with a stylus) can be a great way to help with the retention of information. 

Not only do you end up with a more profound, conceptual clarity of the subject matter you’re studying and ensure that you’re able to retain this subject matter, but you’ll also end up with notes that can help you when you have to revise everything that you’ve learned. 

It might seem overwhelming to go through bulky textbooks with hundreds of pages, but if you have your notes, the provision of revision may become a breeze. An effective strategy on how to become better at math is consistent note-taking.

8. Relate Real-life Situations to the Abstractions of Math

On the surface, it’s easy to dismiss a math problem as a jumble of complex symbols and random numbers. But there has to be more to them, right? Well, there is! Making connections between abstract math problems and the real world can go a long way in helping students understand the relevance of what they’re studying while also demystifying the complexity of the problem.

Whenever you’re in class and see your teacher writing down an equation on the board, or explaining the solution to a problem, pause for a moment and ask yourself how this equation or problem might apply to the real world. Could geometry have played a role in designing the desk you’re sitting on? Can arithmetic play a role in helping the phone in your pocket carry out essential functions? 

Trying to understand something just by remembering it may not help you understand the value and relevance of what you’re studying. However, once you emphasize understanding the importance of what you’re studying, you might find the learning process more rewarding and fulfilling. 

9. Don’t Be Afraid to Ask Questions

Have you ever been in class and found yourself confused about something being taught, and instead of asking a question, you held back and let the class continue? Ask yourself why you chose not to ask questions, clarify your doubts, and help your learning. 

Some students can feel hesitant to ask a question about something they think their peers have understood without asking any questions themselves. Others might feel like slowing down the class and drawing too much attention. 

However, these are not the thoughts that students should entertain when they’re in a classroom because, as learners, they not only have every right to ask questions, but it is also something that teachers themselves encourage. Teachers love answering questions! 

There is no such thing as a silly question. Questions are the vehicles that drive and ensure learning. The answer to a question that you ask may help not only you but also your peers. You’d be surprised to know that many of your peers may often have the same questions as you but are just as shy or afraid to speak up. Determining how to become a math expert can be tricky, but not if you’re always ready with a question. 

Students raising their hands in class

The practice of asking questions is an important tool to ensure learning in classrooms and an important life skill that helps you nourish your spirit of inquiry and learning. If you’ve ever wondered how to improve math skills, asking questions in class is an easy way to start.

10. Find and Make a Study Partner

There might be days when you have a legitimate reason to be absent from school and, as a result, cannot attend classes. Having a study partner can ensure that you have someone taking strong and concise notes in your absence and sharing them with you to catch up on what you’ve missed. A study partner can help clarify doubts over texts, phone calls, or even in person. 

Building positive relationships can not only help you in school and prepare you for the real world, as positive relationships can play a vital role in helping you excel socially and professionally. When you’re in middle and high school, dealing with more complex subject matters, it might help to form a study group with many of your friends. 

A study group can be invaluable as it allows you to discuss everything you’ve learned in classes, clear your doubts, or get a head start on what you’ll learn next. It can help you get better at math and maybe even make a new friend at the same time.

Learning is both an individual and social process. Many students recognize their responsibilities as learners but forget to explore the social possibilities of aiding their learning. So find your study partner today!

Related Readings: Interesting Social-Emotional Learning Activities for Classroom

It’s Time to Get Better at Math

Two kids fool around as their mother turns around to face them

Whether your child cultivates a healthy habit of practicing math problems at home after classes or starts to take their homework just a little more seriously, these approaches can ultimately help them embrace math and improve their numerical literacy. So what are you waiting for? Sit down with your child and introduce them to the approaches that can help them become a math whiz in no time.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Which strategy would suit my child.

With so many approaches, it may not be easy to decide which ones your child would respond well to. However, depending on their sensibilities and preferences, you can help them zero in on approaches they might enjoy incorporating into their life. 

If your child is reserved, they might want to meet their teacher after class to sit down one-on-one and clear their doubts. Alternatively, if your child is more outgoing, you can encourage them to find a study partner and ask questions to make the most of their classes. 

Even though all these approaches are great, it would be best for your child to try out a couple to see which ones work for them.

Which strategy should my child start with?

When it comes to math, there is no substitute for practice. Whether a student is solving a problem in class, doing their homework at home, or studying with a study partner—in all situations, they’re ultimately practicing their math skills.  

It may be helpful to stress the importance of practicing math problems so your child starts with an approach that eventually helps them practice math in a way that suits their learning style and sensibilities. As they get comfortable with one strategy, they can begin exploring others.

Is elementary too early to start incorporating these strategies?

Not at all! The sooner a child starts incorporating these strategies, the sooner they can take advantage of them. It’s never too early for a child to recognize the importance of practicing problems regularly and paying attention to their homework.

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Developing Logical Mathematical Intelligence

How to unlock your problem-solving potential

Cynthia Vinney, PhD is an expert in media psychology and a published scholar whose work has been published in peer-reviewed psychology journals.

how to be good at problem solving maths

  • Characteristics and Examples
  • Develop Logical Mathematical Intelligence
  • Tips and Strategies

Logical mathematical intelligence is one of eight intelligences that Howard Gardner, a professor of cognition and education at Harvard University, proposed in his theory of multiple intelligences , which he outlined in his book Frames of Mind . Gardner's theory posited these types of intelligence:

  • Visual-spatial
  • Linguistic-verbal
  • Logical-mathematical
  • Body-kinesthetic
  • Interpersonal
  • Intrapersonal
  • Naturalistic

According to Rebecca Mannis, PhD and founder and learning specialist at Ivy Prep, for a long time American psychologists viewed intelligence as a single factor, typified by Lewis Terman in the early to mid-1900s, who referred to intelligence as “g.” Similarly,  Kimberly Nix Berens, PhD , founder of Fit Learning and author of "Blind Spots: Why Students Fail and the Science That Can Save Them," explains that intelligence is often viewed as an innate ability, but there is a lack of scientific evidence to support this.

Instead, Gardner theorized that there are a number of kinds of intelligence that we each may have, that we may vary in the degree we have of each one, and that we may have more or less of each of these throughout our lifetimes. Logical mathematical intelligence is one of the intelligences he described, and it represents the ability to use numbers effectively, to reason well, and to recognize and solve problems using logical patterns.

In this article, we’ll review the characteristics of logical mathematical intelligence, discover how to develop it, explore strategies to enhance it, and look at the benefits of this kind of intelligence.

Anchiy / E+ / Getty

Characteristics and Examples of Logical Mathematical Intelligence

People who have logical mathematical intelligence solve problems using logic, can quickly calculate math problems , and like when things are categorized in a rational way. They’re also good at understanding patterns, the relationships between things, and understanding complex ideas.

Thus, logical-mathematical intelligence encompasses the following:

  • Being good with numbers
  • Understanding logical concepts
  • Having good reasoning skills
  • Enjoying experiments
  • Enjoying solving puzzles and mysteries
  • Being good at manipulating numbers and operations
  • Being good at understanding and applying scientific principles

According to Berens, examples of logical mathematical intelligence include “fluently solving multi-step equations, [solving] language-based math problems , interpreting and analyzing scientific findings, and designing experiments.”

Mannis explains that mastery of basic facts and concepts that leads to the ability to adapt those facts and concepts into more complex tasks and to new settings is a hallmark of logical mathematical intelligence.

For instance, Mannis gives the example of a third grader with strong logical mathematical intelligence who not only knows how to distinguish between perimeter and area but can also use those formulas for other things. The child can apply “that information to a math challenge to design a playground… where they are tasked with determining what the area of a complex shape would be if there were sections of semicircles or squares within that figure ‘cut out.’ They would also be able to then identify the cost of paving the entire play area given a particular per foot fee.”

For those of us who are more inclined toward verbal linguistics or another type of intelligence, this may seem beyond our reach, but it is possible to build your strength in the more mathematical areas of intelligence.

How to Develop Logical Mathematical Intelligence

Decades of research indicate that higher-level skills, such as those seen in logical mathematical intelligence, require the mastery of foundational skills, says Berens. As a result, “Young learners require explicit instruction and repeated practice to fluency in core math skills such as numeracy, basic computation, fractions, decimals, percents, and ratios," she says. "They also require fluent reading skills and fluent comprehension, problem-solving, and critical thinking skills.”

Mannis explains that some children are better at memorizing facts and drawing connections between concepts than others, but there are ways to develop these skills.

These methods include:

  • Teacher education: According to Mannis, teachers must have a “strong understanding of how children develop these skills and methods [by] first teaching this content systematically and then gradually ‘scaffolding’ or adding complexity and integration."
  • Focusing on basic math: As Berens indicates students must attain fluency in the basics before they can begin applying these core skills for mastery of highly complex skills, including algebra, geometry, and calculus.
  • Engagement beyond the classroom: Encouraging children to see how mathematical concepts can be part of their real lives can help develop logical mathematical intelligence skills.

Mannis provides an example of the last point: “A child usually reads a book in four days and would like to borrow the series to read during the three weeks between the end of the school year and sleep away camp. How can they estimate how many books they will get through? How does being free of homework shift their estimate? That is an example of living math that offers a chance to systematize, use concepts such as ratios and estimating, and also encourage them to engage through creating a system to make their estimate.”

Strategies for Enhancing Logical Mathematical Intelligence

To enhance logical mathematical intelligence you first have to learn the basics, so explicit instruction and repeated practice in math skills is essential, says Berens.

Moreover, per Mannis, to enhance skills in logical mathematical intelligence further:

  • Provide opportunities to create systems and patterns, and solve logic problems
  • Encourage ‘metacognitive awareness,’ or being aware of how you think, and talk through this approach
  • Balance learning facts and math operations with real-world problem-solving

For example, Mannis speaks of a middle school class she consulted with that timed its geometry unit so it was right before the school carnival. “After completing the basics of the course, the students were put in charge of designing, creating, and manning some of the carnival stations using” what they learned. This allowed them to use the skills they got from the course and enhance their logical mathematical intelligence.

Benefits of Logical Mathematical Intelligence

People with logical mathematical intelligence are good at rational thinking, analyzing problems logically, and thinking about issues scientifically. “Not only does mastery of high-level math skills produce long-term academic success," says Berens, "but it also gives learners access to careers in science, technology, and engineering.”

We have a lot of complex problems in these fields to solve, such as climate change, and we need people with logical mathematical intelligence to solve them, she says.

While some people may have more innate ability with logical mathematical intelligence, anyone can enhance their abilities. Developing math skills, engaging in strategy games and logic problems, explaining your thinking, and using your skills in the real world can help develop your logical mathematical intelligence and have you on your way to unlocking your problem-solving potential.

Gardner H.  Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences . 10th anniversary ed. BasicBooks; 1993.

Arani HK, Mobarakeh SD. Metacognitive strategies and logical/mathematical intelligence in EFL context: Investigating possible relationships. TPLS . 2012;2(2):304-313. doi:10.4304/tpls.2.2.304-313

Šafranj J. Logical/mathematical intelligence in teaching English as a second language .  Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences . 2016;232:75-82. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.10.019

By Cynthia Vinney, PhD Cynthia Vinney, PhD is an expert in media psychology and a published scholar whose work has been published in peer-reviewed psychology journals.

Study Smarter

17 maths problem solving strategies to boost your learning.

Worded problems getting the best of you? With this list of maths problem-solving strategies , you'll overcome any maths hurdle that comes your way.

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Friday, 3rd June 2022

  • What are strategies?

Understand the problem

Devise a plan, carry out the plan, look back and reflect, practise makes progress.

Problem-solving is a critical life skill that everyone needs. Whether you're dealing with everyday issues or complex challenges, being able to solve problems effectively can make a big difference to your quality of life.

While there is no one 'right' way to solve a problem, having a toolkit of different techniques that you can draw upon will give you the best chance of success. In this article, we'll explore 17 different math problem-solving strategies you can start using immediately to deepen your learning and improve your skills.

What are maths problem-solving strategies?

Before we get into the strategies themselves, let's take a step back and answer the question: what are these strategies? In simple terms, these are methods we use to solve mathematical problems—essential for anyone learning how to study maths . These can be anything from asking open-ended questions to more complex concepts like the use of algebraic equations.

The beauty of these techniques is they go beyond strictly mathematical application. It's more about understanding a given problem, thinking critically about it and using a variety of methods to find a solution.

Polya's 4-step process for solving problems

We're going to use Polya's 4-step model as the framework for our discussion of problem-solving activities . This was developed by Hungarian mathematician George Polya and outlined in his 1945 book How to Solve It. The steps are as follows:

We'll go into more detail on each of these steps as well as take a look at some specific problem-solving strategies that can be used at each stage.

This may seem like an obvious one, but it's crucial that you take the time to understand what the problem is asking before trying to solve it. Especially with a math word problem , in which the question is often disguised in language, it's easy for children to misinterpret what's being asked.

confident student learning subtraction and counting in her head

Here are some questions you can ask to help you understand the problem:

Do I understand all the words used in the problem?

What am I asked to find or show?

Can I restate the problem in my own words?

Can I think of a picture or diagram that might help me understand the problem?

Is there enough information to enable me to find a solution?

Is there anything I need to find out first in order to find the answer?

What information is extra or irrelevant?

Once you've gone through these questions, you should have a good understanding of what the problem is asking. Now let's take a look at some specific strategies that can be used at this stage.

1. Read the problem aloud

This is a great strategy for younger students who are still learning to read. By reading the problem aloud, they can help to clarify any confusion and better understand what's being asked. Teaching older students to read aloud slowly is also beneficial as it encourages them to internalise each word carefully.

2. Summarise the information

Using dot points or a short sentence, list out all the information given in the problem. You can even underline the keywords to focus on the important information. This will help to organise your thoughts and make it easier to see what's given, what's missing, what's relevant and what isn't.

3. Create a picture or diagram

This is a no-brainer for visual learners. By drawing a picture, let's say with division problems, you can better understand what's being asked and identify any information that's missing. It could be a simple sketch or a more detailed picture, depending on the problem.

4. Act it out

Visualising a scenario can also be helpful. It can enable students to see the problem in a different way and develop a more intuitive understanding of it. This is especially useful for math word problems that are set in a particular context. For example, if a problem is about two friends sharing candy, kids can act out the problem with real candy to help them understand what's happening.

5. Use keyword analysis

What does this word tell me? Which operations do I need to use? Keyword analysis involves asking questions about the words in a problem in order to work out what needs to be done. There are certain key words that can hint at what operation you need to use.

How many more?

How many left?

Equal parts

Once you understand the problem, it's time to start thinking about how you're going to solve it. This is where having a plan is vital. By taking the time to think about your approach, you can save yourself a lot of time and frustration later on.

young student learning to recognise multiplication and number patterns

There are many methods that can be used to figure out a pathway forward, but the key is choosing an appropriate one that will work for the specific problem you're trying to solve. Not all students understand what it means to plan a problem so we've outlined some popular problem-solving techniques during this stage.

6. Look for a pattern

Sometimes, the best way to solve a problem is to look for a pattern. This could be a number, a shape pattern or even just a general trend that you can see in the information given. Once you've found it, you can use it to help you solve the problem.

7. Guess and check

While not the most efficient method, guess and check can be helpful when you're struggling to think of an answer or when you're dealing with multiple possible solutions. To do this, you simply make a guess at the answer and then check to see if it works. If it doesn't, you make another systematic guess and keep going until you find a solution that works.

8. Working backwards

Regressive reasoning, or working backwards, involves starting with a potential answer and working your way back to figure out how you would get there. This is often used when trying to solve problems that have multiple steps. By starting with the end in mind, you can work out what each previous step would need to be in order to arrive at the answer.

9. Use a formula

There will be some problems where a specific formula needs to be used in order to solve it. Let's say we're calculating the cost of flooring panels in a rectangular room (6m x 9m) and we know that the panels cost $15 per sq. metre.

installation of floor for area maths problem

There is no mention of the word 'area', and yet that is exactly what we need to calculate. The problem requires us to use the formula for the area of a rectangle (A = l x w) in order to find the total cost of the flooring panels.

10. Eliminate the possibilities

When there are a lot of possibilities, one approach could be to start by eliminating the answers that don't work. This can be done by using a process of elimination or by plugging in different values to see what works and what doesn't.

11. Use direct reasoning

Direct reasoning, also known as top-down or forward reasoning, involves starting with what you know and then using that information to try and solve the problem . This is often used when there is a lot of information given in the problem.

By breaking the problem down into smaller chunks, you can start to see how the different pieces fit together and eventually work out a solution.

12. Solve a simpler problem

One of the most effective methods for solving a difficult problem is to start by solving a simpler version of it. For example, in order to solve a 4-step linear equation with variables on both sides, you could start by solving a 2-step one. Or if you're struggling with the addition of algebraic fractions, go back to solving regular fraction addition first.

Once you've mastered the easier problem, you can then apply the same knowledge to the challenging one and see if it works.

13. Solve an equation

Another common problem-solving technique is setting up and solving an equation. For instance, let's say we need to find a number. We know that after it was doubled, subtracted from 32, and then divided by 4, it gave us an answer of 6. One method could be to assign this number a variable, set up an equation, and solve the equation by 'backtracking and balancing the equation'.

Now that you have a plan, it's time to implement it. This is where you'll put your problem-solving skills to the test and see if your solution actually works. There are a few things to keep in mind as you execute your plan:

14. Be systematic

When trying different methods or strategies, it's important to be systematic in your approach. This means trying one problem-solving strategy at a time and not moving on until you've exhausted all possibilities with that particular approach.

student practising word problems at home

15. Check your work

Once you think you've found a solution, it's important to check your work to make sure that it actually works. This could involve plugging in different values or doing a test run to see if your solution works in all cases.

16. Be flexible

If your initial plan isn't working, don't be afraid to change it. There is no one 'right' way to solve a problem, so feel free to try different things, seek help from different resources and continue until you find a more efficient strategy or one that works.

17. Don't give up

It's important to persevere when trying to solve a difficult problem. Just because you can't see a solution right away doesn't mean that there isn't one. If you get stuck, take a break and come back to the problem later with fresh eyes. You might be surprised at what you're able to see after taking some time away from it.

Once you've solved the problem, take a step back and reflect on the process that you went through. Most middle school students forget this fundamental step. This will help you to understand what worked well and what could be improved upon next time.

learning about data and statistics at home

Whether you do this after a math test or after an individual problem, here are some questions to ask yourself:

What was the most challenging part of the problem?

Was one method more effective than another?

Would you do something differently next time?

What have you learned from this experience?

By taking the time to reflect on your process you'll be able to improve upon it in future and become an even better problem solver. Make sure you write down any insights so that you can refer back to them later.

There is never only one way to solve math problems. But the best way to become a better problem solver is to practise, practise, practise! The more you do it, the better you'll become at identifying different strategies, and the more confident you'll feel when faced with a challenging problem.

The list we've covered is by no means exhaustive, but it's a good starting point for you to begin your journey. When you get stuck, remember to keep an open mind. Experiment with different approaches. Different word problems. Be prepared to go back and try something new. And most importantly, don't forget to have fun!

The essence and beauty of mathematics lies in its freedom. So while these strategies provide nice frameworks, the best work is done by those who are comfortable with exploration outside the rules, and of course, failure! So go forth, make mistakes and learn from them. After all, that's how we improve our problem-solving skills and ability.

Lastly, don't be afraid to ask for help. If you're struggling to solve math word problems, there's no shame in seeking assistance from a certified Melbourne maths tutor . In every lesson at Math Minds, our expert teachers encourage students to think creatively, confidently and courageously.

If you're looking for a mentor who can guide you through these methods, introduce you to other problem-solving activities and help you to understand Mathematics in a deeper way - get in touch with our team today. Sign up for your free online maths assessment and discover a world of new possibilities.

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Math Problem Solving Strategies That Make Students Say “I Get It!”

how to be good at problem solving maths

Even students who are quick with math facts can get stuck when it comes to problem solving.

As soon as a concept is translated to a word problem, or a simple mathematical sentence contains an unknown, they’re stumped.

That’s because problem solving requires us to  consciously choose the strategies most appropriate for the problem   at hand . And not all students have this metacognitive ability.

But you can teach these strategies for problem solving.  You just need to know what they are.

We’ve compiled them here divided into four categories:

Strategies for understanding a problem

Strategies for solving the problem, strategies for working out, strategies for checking the solution.

Get to know these strategies and then model them explicitly to your students. Next time they dive into a rich problem, they’ll be filling up their working out paper faster than ever!

Before students can solve a problem, they need to know what it’s asking them. This is often the first hurdle with word problems that don’t specify a particular mathematical operation.

Encourage your students to:

Read and reread the question

They say they’ve read it, but have they  really ? Sometimes students will skip ahead as soon as they’ve noticed one familiar piece of information or give up trying to understand it if the problem doesn’t make sense at first glance.

Teach students to interpret a question by using self-monitoring strategies such as:

  • Rereading a question more slowly if it doesn’t make sense the first time
  • Asking for help
  • Highlighting or underlining important pieces of information.

Identify important and extraneous information

John is collecting money for his friend Ari’s birthday. He starts with $5 of his own, then Marcus gives him another $5. How much does he have now?

As adults looking at the above problem, we can instantly look past the names and the birthday scenario to see a simple addition problem. Students, however, can struggle to determine what’s relevant in the information that’s been given to them.

Teach students to sort and sift the information in a problem to find what’s relevant. A good way to do this is to have them swap out pieces of information to see if the solution changes. If changing names, items or scenarios has no impact on the end result, they’ll realize that it doesn’t need to be a point of focus while solving the problem.

Schema approach

This is a math intervention strategy that can make problem solving easier for all students, regardless of ability.

Compare different word problems of the same type and construct a formula, or mathematical sentence stem, that applies to them all. For example, a simple subtraction problems could be expressed as:

[Number/Quantity A] with [Number/Quantity B] removed becomes [end result].

This is the underlying procedure or  schema  students are being asked to use. Once they have a list of schema for different mathematical operations (addition, multiplication and so on), they can take turns to apply them to an unfamiliar word problem and see which one fits.

Struggling students often believe math is something you either do automatically or don’t do at all. But that’s not true. Help your students understand that they have a choice of problem-solving strategies to use, and if one doesn’t work, they can try another.

Here are four common strategies students can use for problem solving.

Visualizing

Visualizing an abstract problem often makes it easier to solve. Students could draw a picture or simply draw tally marks on a piece of working out paper.

Encourage visualization by modeling it on the whiteboard and providing graphic organizers that have space for students to draw before they write down the final number.

Guess and check

Show students how to make an educated guess and then plug this answer back into the original problem. If it doesn’t work, they can adjust their initial guess higher or lower accordingly.

Find a pattern

To find patterns, show students how to extract and list all the relevant facts in a problem so they can be easily compared. If they find a pattern, they’ll be able to locate the missing piece of information.

Work backward

Working backward is useful if students are tasked with finding an unknown number in a problem or mathematical sentence. For example, if the problem is 8 + x = 12, students can find x by:

  • Starting with 12
  • Taking the 8 from the 12
  • Being left with 4
  • Checking that 4 works when used instead of x

Now students have understood the problem and formulated a strategy, it’s time to put it into practice. But if they just launch in and do it, they might make it harder for themselves. Show them how to work through a problem effectively by:

Documenting working out

Model the process of writing down every step you take to complete a math problem and provide working out paper when students are solving a problem. This will allow students to keep track of their thoughts and pick up errors before they reach a final solution.

Check along the way

Checking work as you go is another crucial self-monitoring strategy for math learners. Model it to them with think aloud questions such as:

  • Does that last step look right?
  • Does this follow on from the step I took before?
  • Have I done any ‘smaller’ sums within the bigger problem that need checking?

Students often make the mistake of thinking that speed is everything in math — so they’ll rush to get an answer down and move on without checking.

But checking is important too. It allows them to pinpoint areas of difficulty as they come up, and it enables them to tackle more complex problems that require multiple checks  before  arriving at a final answer.

Here are some checking strategies you can promote:

Check with a partner

Comparing answers with a peer leads is a more reflective process than just receiving a tick from the teacher. If students have two different answers, encourage them to talk about how they arrived at them and compare working out methods. They’ll figure out exactly where they went wrong, and what they got right.

Reread the problem with your solution

Most of the time, students will be able to tell whether or not their answer is correct by putting it back into the initial problem. If it doesn’t work or it just ‘looks wrong’, it’s time to go back and fix it up.

Fixing mistakes

Show students how to backtrack through their working out to find the exact point where they made a mistake. Emphasize that they can’t do this if they haven’t written down everything in the first place — so a single answer with no working out isn’t as impressive as they might think!

Need more help developing problem solving skills?

Read up on  how to set a problem solving and reasoning activity  or explore Mathseeds and Mathletics, our award winning online math programs. They’ve got over 900 teacher tested problem solving activities between them!

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Differentiated Teaching

5 Ways to Build Math Problem Solving Skills (based on brain research)

Whether talking about state tests or meeting with your team to plan the next math unit, the conversation inevitably turns to word problems. But knowing how to build math problem-solving skills without resorting to pages of boring story problem practice can be hard.

These days word problems aren’t the basic one-step wonders that many of us dealt with as students. Instead, multi-step story problems that require students to apply multiple concepts and skills are incorporated into instruction and state assessments.

Understanding brain research can help simply the process of teaching this challenging format of math problem-solving to students, including those who struggle.

step-by-step math problem-solving for word problems

What research says about building master problem solvers in math

Have you seen how many math skills we must teach these days? No teacher has enough time to build critical math skills AND effectively teach problem-solving…or do they?

Research would argue we are going about these tasks all wrong. They say there are many reasons students struggle with math word problems , but one big one is that we aren’t doing what’s best for the brain. Instead, here’s what the brain research says about the must-have elements for building step-by-step math problem-solving mastery.

Finding #1: Becoming a master problem solver requires repetition.

Duh, right? Any good teacher knows this…but what’s the best recipe for repetition if you want students to master math word problems? How much practice? How often?

Let’s start with the concept of mastery.

How do you develop math problem solving skills?

In the 1990’s, Anders Ericsson studied experts to explore what made some people excel. Findings showed a positive correlation between the amount of deliberate practice (activities that require a high level of concentration and aren’t necessarily inherently fun) and skill level.

In other words, the more practice someone gets, the more they improve. This became the basis of Malcolm Gladwell’s 10,000-hour rule, which stated that it takes 10,000 hours to make you an expert in a field.

But what should that practice look like for students who struggle with word problems? Is it better to have a deep dive into story problems, or do short bursts of practice do more for long-term understanding?

Designing Better Word Problem Activities: Building Step-by-step Math Problem-Solving Practice

We can look at Ebbinghaus’ work on memory & retention to answer that.  He found spacing practice over time decreased the number of exposures needed. In other words, small amounts of practice over several days, weeks, or even months actually means you need LESS practice than if you try to cram it all in at once.

For over 80 years, this finding has stood the test of time. While research has shown that students who engage in mass practice (lots of practice all at once) might do better on an assessment that takes place tomorrow, students who engage in repeated practice over a period of time retain more skills long-term (Bloom & Shuell, 1981; Rea & Modigliani, 1985).

And how long does the research say you should spend reviewing?

How long should should students be practicing with story problems to build math problem solving skills ?

How long should problem-solving practice really be?

Shorter is better. As discussed earlier, peak attention required for deliberate practice can only be maintained for so long. And the majority of research supports 8-10 minutes as the ideal lesson length (Robertson, 2010).

This means practice needs to be focused so that during those minutes of discussion, you can dive deep – breaking down the word problem and discussing methods to solve it.

Teacher Tip: Applying this finding to your classroom

Less is actually more as long as you plan to practice regularly. While students who struggle with word problems may need a great deal of practice to master word problems, ideally, this practice should be provided in short, regular intervals with no more than 8-10 minutes spent in whole group discussion.

Here are a few simple steps to apply these findings to your math classroom:

  • Find 8-12 minutes in your daily schedule to focus on problem-solving – consider this time sacred & only for problem-solving.
  • Select only 1-2 word problems per day. Target step-by-step math problem-solving to build math problem-solving skills through a less-is-more approach using Problem of the Day .

Finding #2: Students who are challenged & supported have better outcomes.

Productive struggle, as it is called in the research, focuses on the effortful practice that builds long-term understanding.

Important to this process are opportunities for choice, collaboration, and the use of materials or topics of interest (which will be discussed later).

This productive struggle also helps students build flexible thinking so that they can apply previously learned skills to new or unfamiliar tasks (Bransford, Brown, & Cocking, 2000).

“Meaningful learning tasks need to challenge ever student in some way. It is crucial that no student be able to coast to success time after time; this experience can create the belief that you are smart only if you can succeed without effort.” -Carol Dweck

It is also critical to provide support and feedback during the challenging task (Cimpian, Arce, Markman, & Dweck, 2007). This prevents frustration and fear of failure when the goal seems out of reach or when a particularly challenging task arises.

Simple ways to build productive struggle into your math classroom

Giving students who struggle with word problems a chance to struggle with challenging word problems is critical to building confidence and skills. However, this challenge must be reasonable, or the learner’s self-esteem will falter, and students need support and regular feedback to achieve their potential.

Here are a few simple things to try:

  • Select problems that are just at the edge of students’ Zone of Proximal Development.
  • Scaffold or model with more challenging problems to support risk-taking.
  • Give regular feedback & support – go over the work and discuss daily.

Finding #3: Novelty & variation are keys to engagement.

When it comes to standardized testing (and life in general), problems that arise aren’t labeled with the skills and strategies required to solve them.

This makes it important to provide mixed practice opportunities so students are focused on asking themselves questions about what the problem is asking and what they are trying to find.

This type of variation not only supports a deeper level of engagement, it also supports the metacognitive strategies needed to analyze and develop a strategy to solve (Rohrer & Taylor, 2014).

The benefits of novelty in learning

A 2013 study also supports the importance of novelty in supporting reinforcement learning (aka review). The findings suggested that when task variation was provided for an already familiar skill, it offered the following benefits:

  • reduced errors due to lack of focus
  • helped learners maintain attention to task
  • motivated and engaged student

Using variety to build connections & deepen understanding

In addition, by providing variations in practice, we can also help learners understand the skills and strategies they are using on a deeper level.  

When students who struggle with word problems are forced to apply their toolbox of strategies to novel problem formats, they begin to analyze and observe patterns in how problems are structured and the meaning they bring.

This requires much more engagement than being handed a sheet full of multiplication story problems, where students can pull the numbers and compute with little focus on understanding.

Designing word problems that incorporate variety & novelty

Don’t be afraid to shake things up!

Giving students practice opportunities with different skills or problem formats mixed in is a great way to boost engagement and develop meta-cognitive skills.

Here are a few tips for trying it out in the classroom:

  • Change it up! Word problem practice doesn’t have to match the day’s math lesson.
  • Give opportunities to practice the same skill or strategy in via different formats.
  • Adjust the wording and/or topic in word problems to help students generalize skills.

Finding #4: Interest and emotion increase retention and skill development.

Attention and emotion are huge for learning. We’ve all seen it in our classroom.

Those magical lessons that hook learners are the ones that stick with them for years to come, but what does the research say?

build problem solving for students who struggle with word problems

The Science Behind Emotion & Learning

Neuroscientists have shown that emotions create connections among different sections of the brain (Immordino-Yang, 2016) . This supports long-term retrieval of the skills taught and a deeper connection to the learning.

This means if you can connect problem-solving with a scenario or a feeling, your students will be more likely to internalize the skills being practiced. Whether this is by “wowing” them with a little-known fact or solving real-world problems, the emotional trigger can be huge for learning.

What about incorporating student interests?

As for student interests, a long line of research supports the benefits of using these to increase educational outcomes and student motivation, including for students who struggle with word problems (Chen, 2001; Chen & Ennis, 2004; Solomon, 1996).

Connecting classwork with student interests has increased students’ intentions to participate in future learning endeavors (Chen, 2001).

And interests don’t just mean that love of Pokemon!

It means allowing social butterflies to work collaboratively. Providing students with opportunities to manipulate real objects or create models. Allowing kids to be authentic while digging in and developing the skills they need to master their learning objectives.

What this looks like in a math class

Evoke emotion and use student interests to engage the brain in deep, long-lasting learning whenever possible.

This will help with today’s learning and promote long-term engagement, even when later practice might not be as interesting for students who struggle with word problems.

Here’s how to start applying this research today:

  • Find word problems that match student interests.
  • Connect real-life situations and emotions to story problem practice.
  • Consider a weekly theme to connect practice throughout the week.

Finding #5: Student autonomy builds confidence & independence.

Autonomy is a student’s ability to be in control of their learning. In other words, it is their ability to take ownership over the learning process and how they demonstrate mastery.

Why students need to control their learning

Research shows that providing students a sense of control and supporting their choices is way to help engage learners and build independent thinking. It also increased intrinsic motivation (Reeve, Nix, & Hamm, 2003).

However, this doesn’t mean we just let kids learn independently. Clearly, some things require repeated guidance and modeling. Finding small ways that students can take control of the learning process is much better in these instances.

We know that giving at least partial autonomy has been linked to numerous positive student learning outcomes (Wielenga-Meijer, Taris, Widboldus, & Kompier, 2011).

But how can we foster this independence and autonomy, especially with those students who struggle to self-regulate behavior?

Fostering independence in students who struggle to stay on task

Well, the research says several conditions support building toward independence.

The first (and often neglected) is to explain unappealing choices and why they are one of the options.

When it comes to word problems, this might include explaining the rationale behind one of the strategies that appears to be a lot more work than the others.

It is also important to acknowledge students’ negative feelings about a task or their ability to complete it. While we want them to be able to build independence, we don’t want them to drown in overwhelm.

By providing emotional support, we can help determine whether a student is stuck with the learning or with the emotions from the cognitive challenge.

Finally, giving choices is recommended. Identifying choices you and your students who struggle with word problems can live with is an important step.

Whether this is working in partners, trying an alternative method, or skipping a problem and coming back, students need to feel like they have some ownership over the challenge they are working through.

By building in opportunities for autonomy, and choice, teachers help students build a sense of self-efficacy and confidence in their ability to be successful learners across various contexts (McCombs, 2002,2006).

We know this leads to numerous positive outcomes and has even been linked to drop-out prevention (Christenson & Thurlow, 2004).

Fostering autonomy in your classroom

You’re not going to be able to hold their hands forever.

Giving opportunities to work through challenges independently and to feel ownership for their choices will help build both confidence and skills.

Here’s how to get started letting go:

  • Give students time to tackle the problem independently (or in partners).
  • Don’t get hyper-focused on a single method to solve – give opportunities to share & learn together.
  • Provide appropriate support (where needed) to build autonomy for all learners – like reading the problem orally.

Finding #6: Students need to be taught how to fail & recover from it.

Despite Ericsson’s findings discussed early on in this post, talent does matter, and it is important to teach students to recover from failure because those are the moments when they learn the most.

A 2014 study by Brooke Macnamara analyzed 88 studies to determine how talent factored into deliberate practice.

Her findings show what we (as teachers) already know, students may require different amounts of practice to reach the same skill level…but how do we keep those struggling students from keeping up?

Failure Quote 1 build math problem solving skills

Growth mindset research gives us insight into ways to support students who struggle with word problems, encourage all students in math problem-solving, and harness the power of failure through “yet.”

You might not be able to do something yet, but if you keep trying, you will. This opens the door for multiple practice opportunities where students learn from each other.

importance of failure

And what about the advanced students?

Many of these students have not experienced failure, but they may have met their match when it comes to complex word problems.

To support these students, who may be experiencing their first true challenge, we need to have high standards and provide constructive, supportive feedback on how to grow.

Then we need to give them space to try again.

There is great power in allowing students to revise and try again, but our grading system often discourages being comfortable with failure.

Building the confidence to fail in your classroom

Many students feel the pressure always to have the right answer. Allowing students to fail safely means you can help them learn from these failures so they don’t make the same mistake twice.

Here’s how you can safely foster growth and build math problem solving skills through failure in your classroom:

  • Build in time to analyze errors & reflect.
  • Reward effort & growth as much as, if not more than, accuracy.
  • ​At least initially, skip the grading so students aren’t afraid to be wrong.

Getting started with brain-based problem solving

The brain research is clear.

Spending 45 minutes focused on a sheet of word problems following the same format isn’t the answer.

By implementing this research, you can save yourself time and the frustration from a disengaged class.

Daily Problem Solving - 6th Grade

Based on this research, I’ve created Daily Problem Solving bundles to save you time and build math problem-solving skills. You can get each month separately or buy the full-year bundle at a major discount.

Currently, I offer these bundles for several grade levels, including:

Try Daily Problem Solving with your Learners

Of course, you do! Start working to build step-by-step math problem-solving skills today by clicking the button below to sign up for a free set of Daily Problem Solving.

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How to Solve Math Problems Faster: 15 Techniques to Show Students

Written by Marcus Guido

  • Teaching Strategies

A boy studying at a desk in a library filled with books.

“Test time. No calculators.”

You’ll intimidate many students by saying this, but teaching techniques to solve math problems with ease and speed can make it less daunting.

This can also  make math more rewarding . Instead of relying on calculators, students learn strategies that can improve their concentration and estimation skills while building number sense. And, while there are educators who  oppose math “tricks”  for valid reasons, proponents point to benefits such as increased confidence to handle difficult problems.

Here are 15 techniques to show students,  helping them solve math problems faster:

Addition and Subtraction

1. two-step addition.

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Many students struggle when learning to add integers of three digits or higher together, but changing the process’s steps can make it easier.

The first step is to  add what’s easy.  The second step is to  add the rest.

Let’s say students must find the sum of 393 and 89. They should quickly see that adding 7 onto 393 will equal 400 — an easier number to work with. To balance the equation, they can then subtract 7 from 89.

Broken down, the process is:

  • (393 + 7) + (89 – 7)

With this fast technique, big numbers won’t look as scary now.

2. Two-Step Subtraction

There’s a similar method for subtraction.

Remove what’s easy. Then remove what’s left.

Suppose students must find the difference of 567 and 153. Most will feel that 500 is a simpler number than 567. So, they just have to take away 67 from the minuend — 567 — and the subtrahend — 153 — before solving the equation.

Here’s the process:

  • (567 – 67) – (153 – 67)

Instead of two complex numbers, students will only have to tackle one.

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3. Subtracting from 1,000

You can  give students confidence  to handle four-digit integers with this fast technique.

To subtract a number from 1,000, subtract that number’s first two digits from 9. Then, subtract the final digit from 10.

Let’s say students must solve 1,000 – 438.  Here are the steps:

This also applies to 10,000, 100,000 and other integers that follow this pattern.

Multiplication and Division

4. doubling and halving.

no image

When students have to multiply two integers, they can speed up the process when one is an even number. They just need to  halve the even number and double the other number.

Students can stop the process when they can no longer halve the even integer, or when the equation becomes manageable.

Using 33 x 48 as an example,  here’s the process:

The only prerequisite is understanding the 2 times table.

5. Multiplying by Powers of 2

This tactic is a speedy variation of doubling and halving.

It simplifies multiplication if a number in the equation is a power of 2, meaning it works for 2, 4, 8, 16 and so on.

Here’s what to do:  For each power of 2 that makes up that number, double the other number.

For example, 9 x 16 is the same thing as 9 x (2 x 2 x 2 x 2) or 9 x 24. Students can therefore double 9 four times to reach the answer:

Unlike doubling and halving, this technique demands an understanding of exponents along with a strong command of the 2 times table.

no image

6. Multiplying by 9

For most students, multiplying by 9 — or 99, 999 and any number that follows this pattern — is difficult compared with multiplying by a power of 10.

But there’s an easy tactic to solve this issue, and  it has two parts.

First, students round up the 9  to 10. Second, after solving the new equation, they subtract the number they just multiplied by 10 from the answer.

For example, 67 x 9 will lead to the same answer as 67 x 10 – 67. Following the order of operations will give a result of 603. Similarly, 67 x 99 is the same as 67 x 100 – 67.

Despite more steps, altering the equation this way is usually faster.

7. Multiplying by 11

no image

There’s an easier way for multiplying two-digit integers by 11.

Let’s say students must find the product of 11 x 34.

The idea is to put a space between the digits, making it 3_4. Then, add the two digits together and put the sum in the space.

The answer is 374.

What happens if the sum is two digits? Students would put the second digit in the space and add 1 to the digit to the left of the space.  For example:

It’s multiplication without having to multiply.

8. Multiplying Even Numbers by 5

This technique only requires basic division skills.

There are two steps,  and 5 x 6 serves as an example. First, divide the number being multiplied by 5 — which is 6 — in half. Second, add 0 to the right of number.

The result is 30, which is the correct answer.

It’s an ideal, easy technique for students mastering the 5 times table.

9. Multiplying Odd Numbers by 5

This is another time-saving tactic that works well when teaching students the 5 times table.

This one has three steps,  which 5 x 7 exemplifies.

First, subtract 1 from the number being multiplied by 5, making it an even number. Second, cut that number in half — from 6 to 3 in this instance. Third, add 5 to the right of the number.

The answer is 35.

Who needs a calculator?

10. Squaring a Two-Digit Number that Ends with 1

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Squaring a high two-digit number can be tedious, but there’s a shortcut if 1 is the second digit.

There are four steps to this shortcut,  which 812 exemplifies:

  • Subtract 1 from the integer: 81 – 1 = 80
  • Square the integer, which is now an easier number: 80 x 80 = 6,400
  • Add the integer with the resulting square twice: 6,400 + 80 + 80 = 6,560
  • Add 1: 6,560 + 1 = 6,561

This work-around eliminates the difficulty surrounding the second digit, allowing students to work with multiples of 10.

11. Squaring a Two-Digit Numbers that Ends with 5

Squaring numbers ending in 5 is easier, as there are  only two parts of the process.

First, students will always make 25 the product’s last digits.

Second, to determine the product’s first digits, students must multiply the number’s first digit — 9, for example — by the integer that’s one higher — 10, in this case.

So, students would solve 952 by designating 25 as the last two digits. They would then multiply 9 x 10 to receive 90. Putting these numbers together, the  result is 9,025.

Just like that, a hard problem becomes easy multiplication for many students.

12. Calculating Percentages

Cross-multiplication is an  important skill  to develop, but there’s an easier way to calculate percentages.

For example, if students want to know what 65% of 175 is, they can multiply the numbers together and move the decimal place two digits to the left.

The result is 113.75, which is indeed the correct answer.

This shortcut is a useful timesaver on tests and quizzes.

13. Balancing Averages

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To determine the average among a set of numbers, students can balance them instead of using a complex formula.

Suppose a student wants to volunteer for an average of 10 hours a week over a period of four weeks. In the first three weeks, the student worked for 10, 12 and 14 hours.

To determine the number of hours required in the fourth week, the student must  add how much he or she surpassed or missed the target average  in the other weeks:

  • 14 hours – 10 hours = 4 hours
  • 12 – 10 = 2
  • 10 – 10 = 0
  • 4 hours + 2 hours + 0 hours = 6 hours

To learn the number of hours for the final week, the student must  subtract the sum from the target average:

  • 10 hours – 6 hours = 4 hours

With practice, this method may not even require pencil and paper. That’s how easy it is. 

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Word Problems

14. identifying buzzwords.

Students who struggle to translate  word problems  into equations will benefit from learning how to spot buzzwords — phrases that indicate specific actions.

This isn’t a trick. It’s a tactic.

Teach students to look for these buzzwords,  and what skill they align with in most contexts:

Be sure to include buzzwords that typically appear in their textbooks (or other classroom  math books ), as well as ones you use on tests and assignments.

As a result, they should have an  easier time processing word problems .

15. Creating Sub-Questions

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For complex word problems, show students how to dissect the question by answering three specific sub-questions.

Each student should ask him or herself:

  • What am I looking for?  — Students should read the question over and over, looking for buzzwords and identifying important details.
  • What information do I need?  — Students should determine which facts, figures and variables they need to solve the question. For example, if they determine the question is rooted in subtraction, they need the minuend and subtrahend.
  • What information do I have?  — Students should be able to create the core equation using the information in the word problem, after determining which details are important.

These sub-questions help students avoid overload.

Instead of writing and analyzing each detail of the question, they’ll be able to identify key information. If you identify students who are struggling with these, you can use  peer learning  as needed.  

For more fresh approaches to teaching math in your classroom, consider treating your students to a range of  fun math activities .

Final Thoughts About these Ways to Solve Math Problems Faster

Showing these 15 techniques to students can give them the  confidence to tackle tough questions .

They’re also  mental math  exercises, helping them build skills related to focus, logic and critical thinking.

A rewarding class equals an  engaging class . That’s an easy equation to remember.

> Create or log into your teacher account on Prodigy  — a free, adaptive math game that adjusts content to accommodate player trouble spots and learning speeds. Aligned to US and Canadian curricula, it’s loved by more than 500,000 teachers and 15 million students.

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6 Tips for Teaching Math Problem-Solving Skills

Solving word problems is tougher than computing with numbers, but elementary teachers can guide students to do the deep thinking involved.

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Photo of elementary school teacher with students

A growing concern with students is the ability to problem-solve, especially with complex, multistep problems. Data shows that students struggle more when solving word problems than they do with computation , and so problem-solving should be considered separately from computation. Why?

Consider this. When we’re on the way to a new destination and we plug in our location to a map on our phone, it tells us what lane to be in and takes us around any detours or collisions, sometimes even buzzing our watch to remind us to turn. When I experience this as a driver, I don’t have to do the thinking. I can think about what I’m going to cook for dinner, not paying much attention to my surroundings other than to follow those directions. If I were to be asked to go there again, I wouldn’t be able to remember, and I would again seek help.

If we can switch to giving students strategies that require them to think instead of giving them too much support throughout the journey to the answer, we may be able to give them the ability to learn the skills to read a map and have several ways to get there.

Here are six ways we can start letting students do this thinking so that they can go through rigorous problem-solving again and again, paving their own way to the solution. 

1. Link problem-solving to reading

When we can remind students that they already have many comprehension skills and strategies they can easily use in math problem-solving, it can ease the anxiety surrounding the math problem. For example, providing them with strategies to practice, such as visualizing, acting out the problem with math tools like counters or base 10 blocks, drawing a quick sketch of the problem, retelling the story in their own words, etc., can really help them to utilize the skills they already have to make the task less daunting.

We can break these skills into specific short lessons so students have a bank of strategies to try on their own. Here's an example of an anchor chart that they can use for visualizing . Breaking up comprehension into specific skills can increase student independence and help teachers to be much more targeted in their problem-solving instruction. This allows students to build confidence and break down the barriers between reading and math to see they already have so many strengths that are transferable to all problems.

2. Avoid boxing students into choosing a specific operation

It can be so tempting to tell students to look for certain words that might mean a certain operation. This might even be thoroughly successful in kindergarten and first grade, but just like when our map tells us where to go, that limits students from becoming deep thinkers. It also expires once they get into the upper grades, where those words could be in a problem multiple times, creating more confusion when students are trying to follow a rule that may not exist in every problem.

We can encourage a variety of ways to solve problems instead of choosing the operation first. In first grade, a problem might say, “Joceline has 13 stuffed animals and Jordan has 17. How many more does Jordan have?” Some students might choose to subtract, but a lot of students might just count to find the amount in between. If we tell them that “how many more” means to subtract, we’re taking the thinking out of the problem altogether, allowing them to go on autopilot without truly solving the problem or using their comprehension skills to visualize it. 

3. Revisit ‘representation’

The word “representation” can be misleading. It seems like something to do after the process of solving. When students think they have to go straight to solving, they may not realize that they need a step in between to be able to support their understanding of what’s actually happening in the problem first.

Using an anchor chart like one of these ( lower grade , upper grade ) can help students to choose a representation that most closely matches what they’re visualizing in their mind. Once they sketch it out, it can give them a clearer picture of different ways they could solve the problem.

Think about this problem: “Varush went on a trip with his family to his grandmother’s house. It was 710 miles away. On the way there, three people took turns driving. His mom drove 214 miles. His dad drove 358 miles. His older sister drove the rest. How many miles did his sister drive?”

If we were to show this student the anchor chart, they would probably choose a number line or a strip diagram to help them understand what’s happening.

If we tell students they must always draw base 10 blocks in a place value chart, that doesn’t necessarily match the concept of this problem. When we ask students to match our way of thinking, we rob them of critical thinking practice and sometimes confuse them in the process. 

4. Give time to process

Sometimes as educators, we can feel rushed to get to everyone and everything that’s required. When solving a complex problem, students need time to just sit with a problem and wrestle with it, maybe even leaving it and coming back to it after a period of time.

This might mean we need to give them fewer problems but go deeper with those problems we give them. We can also speed up processing time when we allow for collaboration and talk time with peers on problem-solving tasks. 

5. Ask questions that let Students do the thinking

Questions or prompts during problem-solving should be very open-ended to promote thinking. Telling a student to reread the problem or to think about what tools or resources would help them solve it is a way to get them to try something new but not take over their thinking.

These skills are also transferable across content, and students will be reminded, “Good readers and mathematicians reread.” 

6. Spiral concepts so students frequently use problem-solving skills

When students don’t have to switch gears in between concepts, they’re not truly using deep problem-solving skills. They already kind of know what operation it might be or that it’s something they have at the forefront of their mind from recent learning. Being intentional within their learning stations and assessments about having a variety of rigorous problem-solving skills will refine their critical thinking abilities while building more and more resilience throughout the school year as they retain content learning in the process. 

Problem-solving skills are so abstract, and it can be tough to pinpoint exactly what students need. Sometimes we have to go slow to go fast. Slowing down and helping students have tools when they get stuck and enabling them to be critical thinkers will prepare them for life and allow them multiple ways to get to their own destination.

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Stanford bioengineer  Michael Fischbach likes to create problems – but not in the way you may think. Problem is a word that most people dread: a negative hindrance, a roadblock to progress. But in science, and for Fischbach, that’s not the case.

In the realm of research – and beyond – Fischbach says selecting a problem is the first step in working toward a solution. He values problems so much, in fact, that he and his mentor, the late Christopher T. Walsh, developed a framework and a course to help scientists and students find a good problem to work on – which can lead to optimal solutions.

“In every discipline, you find people who have good taste in problems. They work on things that are important, with great opportunities, that have tremendous impact. That’s treated as a rare trait,” said Fischbach. “But I wondered: How could you teach this to someone who didn’t know how to start?”

Below, Fischbach shares a simplified version of this framework, and how it could help anyone choose their next problem with care.

1. Spend more time

When figuring out what problem to work on, people are typically in a rush. But the course Fischbach teaches on this topic encourages students to take months to brainstorm. “It’s the main thesis, more than anything else. We should spend more time practicing and talking about and exercising this skill,” said Fischbach. People don’t automatically think optimally about approaching problems, so taking more time to strategize maximizes the chances that you’ll achieve your end goals.

Fischbach likens choosing a problem to a constant practice like yoga or meditation. And he’s found that the more time a person spends on selecting problems, the more they also develop the skills for coming up with the answers. He also reports that his students really value the slower process – partially because they’ve seen that haste really does make waste when it comes to graduate projects.

2. Use structure as a resource

Getting started can be a challenge if everything lives in your head. “You just have to put something concrete down, something on paper, which makes for good discussion. The one thing that doesn’t work is a blank piece of paper with no structure, because humans get paralyzed by a lack of structure,” said Fischbach. He compared setting these early boundaries to haiku – the rigid rules for a number of syllables and lines engenders creativity and resourcefulness.

3. Spark your inspiration

“There’s no one way to come up with an idea,” Fischbach said. But the prompts in his framework, called “intuition pumps” (from Daniel Dennett’s book Intuition Pumps and Other Tools for Thinking ) are made to help guide people along the way.

These prompts include asking how to optimize a current process, imagining how to get from the current state of things to the future, and observing what works and what doesn’t work now. Fischbach said, “It almost doesn’t matter which you use, as long as it gets you thinking.”

4. Avoid the traps

When coming up with a problem, there are some pitfalls that Fischbach warns against – and these will likely sound familiar, even to nonscientists. His framework cautions people against choosing problems just because they’re easy, specializing so much that the problem is no longer useful, joining a trend too late, blaming external factors for issues you come across, and only copying the process of people you observe, rather than developing the actual process yourself.

Fischbach emphasized that conversation is an important part of the problem picking process because others may spot traps that the problem picker has missed.

Sometimes you feel like you need to find something that is sure to succeed. But nothing worth doing has that profile – nothing in life.”

5. Get comfortable with risk

High risk can lead to high reward. But the stakes may often seem too high when they’re tied to your success in a grad program or at work.

Fischbach acknowledged that and said, “I think sometimes you feel like you need to find something that is sure to succeed. But nothing worth doing has that profile – nothing in life. The more honest and useful thing to do is to just be open about what the risks are, and not only that, but to get very comfortable with them.”

Getting other people on board is easier that way too. If you develop a keen awareness of the risks involved with your process, you have better odds of convincing others that the risks are worth it.

6. Go for the goal

Problem picking is about trying to get to a solution and an end goal, but the journey there might take longer if you don’t keep your eye on the prize. Fischbach pointed to solutions for more niche problems, such as a staircase-climbing wheelchair, as a model for this. The developers of that tool created it for a subset of disabled people who it would be beneficial for, Fischbach says, rather than trying to make it have wide market appeal.

“You have to be very honest with yourself about what you’re solving for. If you get that wrong, you might make it hard for other people to understand why you’re doing what you’re doing,” said Fischbach. “So, ask yourself: What is your motivation? What are you aiming for? It’s easier for you to understand what you’re trying to do if you can articulate your goal.”

7. Keep the details flexible

Somewhat the opposite of setting constraints at the beginning of choosing a problem, once you have a goal in mind, embrace that there are a number of possible ways to get there. In the face of so many options, Fischbach recommends answering another question: What is your main focus? From there, allow some flexibility in how solutions evolve.

Take, for example, being interested in both artificial intelligence and climate change. You might move forward assuming that you should simply combine the two interests. But artificial intelligence may not be the right tool for the climate change issue you wanted to address. Forcing the connection between the two as your solution – rather than focusing on the main problem and keeping the approach to solving it flexible – may lead to getting stuck down the line.

The original plan was made when you had less information and things hadn’t progressed. But the practice of anything is 90% doing and 10% switching to a different mode and updating your approach.”

8. Expect twists and turns

Much of the framework that Fischbach teaches is essentially about making the plan before you set out to solve anything. But it’s rarely so straightforward as following your plan from A to Z. “When you start out thinking that your original plan is going to unfold exactly, that is an illusion. There’s no real project I’ve seen that doesn’t go through some serious twists and turns,” said Fischbach.

Fortunately, Fischbach explained that in the planning process, people are actually choosing an ensemble of paths – and when you get knocked off one course, you usually have the ability to switch to a different path.

9. Do the “altitude dance”

As you journey from problem to solution, it can be hard to remember to zoom out every once in a while to make sure you’re navigating around roadblocks. That process is what Fischbach calls the altitude dance – being able to see the bigger picture and make adjustments in your everyday work to get there.

Fischbach said, “The original plan was made when you had less information and things hadn’t progressed. But the practice of anything is 90% doing and 10% switching to a different mode and updating your approach.”

The ability to cycle between active problem solving and evaluating that progress from a more removed perspective is what Fishbach considers the ultimate key to solving problems.

10. Face problems head on

In some martial arts, the practice of nonresistance helps redirect the energy of an opponent. Rather than resisting the move or running away, you allow the opponent to approach and then use their own energy to flip them. Fischbach thinks this is the best approach to any issue.

“Often you confront a problem, and if it feels bad, you want to deny it for a while. Then, when you accept it, you want to turn and run in the other direction,” said Fischbach. “But the problem you’re confronting has incredibly high information content: It’s telling you about key weaknesses in your idea. And often, it’s giving you the clue you need to solve it.”

Even outside of the research context, Fischbach believes that facing adversity and getting yourself out of a tight spot are invaluable. “It’s not a cause for sadness – it’s the quintessential experience of life,” said Fischbach. “And if you can get out of it by using your brain, your creativity, your intuition, the people around you – you take a shortcut to the next level. And you’re unstoppable.”

For more information

Fischbach is the Liu (Liao) Family Professor of Bioengineering in the schools of Engineering and Medicine . He is also an institute scholar at Sarafan ChEM-H , director of the Microbiome Therapies Initiative (MITI) and a member of Stanford Bio-X , the Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance , the Maternal & Child Health Research Institute (MCHRI) , Stanford Medicine Children’s Health Center for IBD and Celiac Disease , and the Stanford Cancer Institute .

The journal Cell  published a paper on this topic by Fischbach titled, “Problem choice and decision trees in science and engineering,” in April 2024.

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How to Improve Problem Solving Skills

Last Updated: July 24, 2024 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Erin Conlon, PCC, JD . Erin Conlon is an Executive Life Coach, the Founder of Erin Conlon Coaching, and the host of the podcast "This is Not Advice." She specializes in aiding leaders and executives to thrive in their career and personal lives. In addition to her private coaching practice, she teaches and trains coaches and develops and revises training materials to be more diverse, equitable, and inclusive. She holds a BA in Communications and History and a JD from The University of Michigan. Erin is a Professional Certified Coach with The International Coaching Federation. There are 11 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 242,686 times.

The ability to solve problems applies to more than just mathematics homework. Analytical thinking and problem-solving skills are a part of many jobs, ranging from accounting and computer programming to detective work and even creative occupations like art, acting, and writing. While individual problems vary, there are certain general approaches to problem-solving like the one first proposed by mathematician George Polya in 1945. By following his principles of understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back, you can improve your problem-solving and tackle any issue systematically.

Define the problem clearly.

This is an outwardly simple but vital step.

  • Try to formulate questions. Say that as a student you have very little money and want to find an effective solution. What is at issue? Is it one of income – are you not making enough money? Is it one of over-spending? Or perhaps you have run into unexpected expenses or your financial situation has changed?

State your objective.

This is another means to reach the nature of the problem.

  • Say that your problem is still money. What is your goal? Perhaps you never have enough to go out on the weekend and have fun at the movies or a club. You decide that your goal is to have more spending cash. Good! With a clear goal, you have better defined the problem.

Gather information systematically.

Gathering facts helps you get a clear picture of your problem and goal.

  • To solve your money shortage, for example, you would want to get as detailed a picture of your financial situation as possible. Collect data through your latest bank statements and to talk to a bank teller. Track your earnings and spending habits in a notebook, and then create a spreadsheet or chart to show your income alongside your expenditures.

Analyze information.

Looking for links and relationships in your data can help you better understand your situation.

  • Say you have now collected all your bank statements. Look at them. When, how, and from where is your money coming? Where, when, and how are you spending it? What is the overall pattern of your finances? Do you have a net surplus or deficit? Are there any unexplained items?

Generate possible solutions.

This is a great time to consider all of your options.

  • Your problem is a lack of money. Your goal is to have more spending cash. What are your options? Without evaluating them, come up with possible options. Perhaps you can acquire more money by getting a part-time job or by taking out a student loan. On the other hand, you might try to save by cutting your spending or by lowering other costs.
  • Divide and conquer. Break the problem into smaller problems and brainstorm solutions for them separately, one by one.
  • Use analogies and similarities. Try to find a resemblance with a previously solved or common problem. If you can find commonalities between your situation and one you've dealt with before, you may be able to adapt some of the solutions for use now.

Evaluate the solutions and choose.

A thorough analysis helps you make the best possible choice.

  • How can you raise money? Look at expenditures – you aren’t spending much outside of basic needs like tuition, food, and housing. Can you cut costs in other ways like finding a roommate to split rent? Can you afford to take a student loan just to have fun on the weekend? Can you spare time from your studies to work part-time?
  • Each solution will produce its own set of circumstances that need evaluation. Run projections. Your money problem will require you to draw up budgets. But it will also take personal consideration. For example, can you cut back on basic things like food or housing? Are you willing to prioritize money over school or to take on debt?

Implement a solution.

This gives you a chance to see how effective your solution really is.

  • You decide to cut costs, because you were unwilling to take on debt, to divert time away from school, or to live with a roommate. You draw up a detailed budget, cutting a few dollars here and there, and commit to a month-long trial.

Review and evaluate the outcome.

Ask yourself if the solution is working, or if it needs to be adjusted.

  • The results of your trial are mixed. On one hand, you have saved enough during the month for fun weekend activities. But there are new problems. You find that you must choose between spending cash and buying basics like food. You also need a new pair of shoes but can’t afford it, according to your budget. You may need to a different solution.

Adjust if necessary.

It’s okay if your first solution doesn’t work out.

  • After a month, you decide to abandon your first budget and to look for part-time work. You find a work-study job on campus. Making a new budget, you now have extra money without taking too much time away from your studies. You may have an effective solution.

Do regular mental exercises.

Like a muscle in your body, you will need to work on problem solving regularly.

  • Word games work great. In a game like “Split Words,” for example, you have to match word fragments to form words under a given theme like “philosophy.” In the game, “Tower of Babel,” you will need to memorize and then match words in a foreign language to the proper picture.
  • Mathematical games will also put your problem solving to the test. Whether it be number or word problems, you will have to activate the parts of your brain that analyze information. For instance: “James is half as old now as he will be when he is 60 years older than he was six years before he was half as old as he is now. How old will James be when his age is twice what it was 10 years after he was half his current age?”

Play video games.

New research shows that playing video games can improve parts of your thinking.

  • Play something that will force you to think strategically or analytically. Try a puzzle game like Tetris. Or, perhaps you would rather prefer a role-playing or strategy game. In that case, something like “Civilization” or “Sim-City” might suit you better.

Take up a hobby.

A hobby is another way that you can continue to improve your problem solving skills.

  • Web design, software programming, jigsaw puzzles, Sudoku, and chess are also hobbies that will force you to think strategically and systematically. Any of these will help you improve your overall problem solving.

Expert Q&A

You Might Also Like

Deal With Problems

  • ↑ https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/N_R/Problem-solving
  • ↑ https://asq.org/quality-resources/problem-solving
  • ↑ https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/evaluate/evaluate-community-interventions/collect-analyze-data/main
  • ↑ https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newCT_96.htm
  • ↑ https://www.skillsyouneed.com/ips/problem-solving.html
  • ↑ Erin Conlon, PCC, JD. Executive Life Coach. Expert Interview. 31 August 2021.
  • ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5930973/
  • ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/oct/13/mental-exercises-to-keep-your-brain-sharp
  • ↑ https://www.apa.org/monitor/2014/02/video-game
  • ↑ https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05449-7

About This Article

Erin Conlon, PCC, JD

To improve your problem-solving skills, start by clearly defining the problem and your objective or goal. Next, gather as much information as you can about the problem and organize the data by rewording, condensing, or summarizing it. Then, analyze the information you've gathered, looking for important links, patterns, and relationships in the data. Finally, brainstorm possible solutions, evaluate the solutions, and choose one to implement. For tips on implementing solutions successfully, read on! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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5 Months Study Plan For ICSE Class 10 Maths Board Exam 2025 To Score Good Marks!

Icse class 10 maths 5- months study plan: this article will help the students find the complete class 10 maths 5-month study plan for the upcoming icse board exam 2025. find the monthly and weekly routine for enhanced preparation along with some important exam guidelines and tips..

Akshita Jolly

ICSE Class 10th Maths 5-Months Study Plan For Board Exam 2025

Here is a 5-month study plan to help students effectively prepare for the upcoming Physics board exam. The plan divided the syllabus into manageable portions that will allow the students some time for final revision as well.

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Month 1: Focusing on basics and understanding the core concepts

Month 2: practising problem-solving and application-based questions, month 3: revision and practice , month 4: solving the papers and time management, month 5: intensive revision & final touches.

Adhering to this well-organised 5-month study plan for ICSE Class 10 Maths will enable students to thoroughly grasp the syllabus and boost their confidence ahead of the exam. Additionally, students can tailor the plan to their specific strengths and the topics that need extra attention.

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COMMENTS

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    This helps them see math as a tool to navigate real-world challenges, thereby promoting critical thinking. 4. What are the six basic steps of the problem-solving process in math? The six steps are: Identification, Analysis, Generation of Alternatives, Decision Making, Implementation, and Evaluation.

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    Develop your mental math skills. Mental math is when you perform mathematical calculations without using calculators, paper, or counting aids. Use your mind, memory, lessons, and discussions with your classmates to refine your math skills and build strong problem-solving strategies.

  4. A Guide to Problem Solving

    A Guide to Problem Solving. When confronted with a problem, in which the solution is not clear, you need to be a skilled problem-solver to know how to proceed. When you look at STEP problems for the first time, it may seem like this problem-solving skill is out of your reach, but like any skill, you can improve your problem-solving with practice.

  5. 20 Effective Math Strategies For Problem Solving

    Strategies for solving the problem. 1. Draw a model or diagram. Students may find it useful to draw a model, picture, diagram, or other visual aid to help with the problem solving process. It can help to visualize the problem to understand the relationships between the numbers in the problem.

  6. Why It's So Important to Learn a Problem-Solving Approach to Mathematics

    was invited to the Math Olympiad Summer Program (MOP) in the 10th grade. I went to MOP certain that I must really be good at math. But in my five weeks at MOP, I encountered over sixty problems on various tests and I didn't solve a single one. That's right—I was -for-60+. I came away no longer confident that I was good at math.

  7. 13 Ways to Improve Mental Math Skills

    Subtract 10 from the second number, then add your answer to the first: 15 - 10 = 5, and 13 + 5 = 18. Multiply your answer by ten: 18 x 10 = 180. Next, subtract ten from both sides and multiply the results: 3 x 5 = 15. Add your two answers together to get the final answer: 180 + 15 = 195. Careful with smaller numbers!

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  9. How To Get Better at Math: 10 Effective Ways

    Complex math problems take different forms and shapes, depending on whether they deal with simple arithmetics at the elementary level, basic algebra in middle school, or advanced trigonometry in high school. The key to solving a complex problem is to take a good look at the problem and ask yourself how you can break it down into smaller parts.

  10. Logical Mathematical Intelligence: How to Be a Better Problem Solver

    Moreover, per Mannis, to enhance skills in logical mathematical intelligence further: Provide opportunities to create systems and patterns, and solve logic problems. Encourage 'metacognitive awareness,' or being aware of how you think, and talk through this approach. Balance learning facts and math operations with real-world problem-solving.

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    6. Look for a pattern. Sometimes, the best way to solve a problem is to look for a pattern. This could be a number, a shape pattern or even just a general trend that you can see in the information given. Once you've found it, you can use it to help you solve the problem. 7.

  12. How to Work Through Hard Math Problems

    Put all your earlier work aside, get a fresh sheet of paper, and try to start from scratch. Your other work will still be there if you want to draw from it later, and it may have prepared you to take advantage of insights you make in your second go-round. Give up. You won't solve them all.

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    Learning problem-solving techniques is a must for working professionals in any field. No matter your title or job description, the ability to find the root cause of a difficult problem and formulate viable solutions is a skill that employers value. Learning the soft skills and critical thinking techniques that good problem solvers use can help ...

  14. Mathematics Improves Your Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving

    Mathematics provides a systematic and logical framework for problem-solving and critical thinking. The study of math helps to develop analytical skills, logical reasoning, and problem-solving abilities that can be applied to many areas of life.By using critical thinking skills to solve math problems, we can develop a deeper understanding of concepts, enhance our problem-solving skills, and ...

  15. 10 Ways to Improve Math Skills

    Mental math is when you perform mathematical calculations without using calculators, paper, or counting aids. Use your mind, memory, lessons, and discussions with your classmates to refine your math skills and build strong problem-solving strategies. 4. Review math concepts every day.

  16. Math Problem Solving Strategies That Make Students Say "I Get It!"

    Schema approach. This is a math intervention strategy that can make problem solving easier for all students, regardless of ability. Compare different word problems of the same type and construct a formula, or mathematical sentence stem, that applies to them all. For example, a simple subtraction problems could be expressed as:

  17. Build math problem solving: a brain-based routine

    Here are a few simple steps to apply these findings to your math classroom: Find 8-12 minutes in your daily schedule to focus on problem-solving - consider this time sacred & only for problem-solving. Select only 1-2 word problems per day. Target step-by-step math problem-solving to build math problem-solving skills through a less-is-more ...

  18. How to Solve Math Problems Faster: 15 Techniques to Show Students

    But there's an easy tactic to solve this issue, and it has two parts. First, students round up the 9 to 10. Second, after solving the new equation, they subtract the number they just multiplied by 10 from the answer. For example, 67 x 9 will lead to the same answer as 67 x 10 - 67. Following the order of operations will give a result of 603.

  19. 6 Tips for Teaching Math Problem-Solving Skills

    1. Link problem-solving to reading. When we can remind students that they already have many comprehension skills and strategies they can easily use in math problem-solving, it can ease the anxiety surrounding the math problem. For example, providing them with strategies to practice, such as visualizing, acting out the problem with math tools ...

  20. How to pick

    He values problems so much, in fact, that he and his mentor, the late Christopher T. Walsh, developed a framework and a course to help scientists and students find a good problem to work on ...

  21. 12 Ways to Improve Problem Solving Skills

    On the other hand, you might try to save by cutting your spending or by lowering other costs. Use some strategies to help you come up with solutions: Divide and conquer. Break the problem into smaller problems and brainstorm solutions for them separately, one by one. Use analogies and similarities.

  22. Microsoft Math Solver

    Online math solver with free step by step solutions to algebra, calculus, and other math problems. Get help on the web or with our math app.

  23. 5 Months Study Plan for ICSE Class 10 Maths for Board Exam 2025 to

    Regular problem-solving (start with easy questions, progress to medium difficulty). Learn and practice important theorems Month 2: Practising problem-solving and application-based questions