Show that you understand the current state of research on your topic.
The length of a research proposal can vary quite a bit. A bachelor’s or master’s thesis proposal can be just a few pages, while proposals for PhD dissertations or research funding are usually much longer and more detailed. Your supervisor can help you determine the best length for your work.
One trick to get started is to think of your proposal’s structure as a shorter version of your thesis or dissertation , only without the results , conclusion and discussion sections.
Download our research proposal template
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Writing a research proposal can be quite challenging, but a good starting point could be to look at some examples. We’ve included a few for you below.
Like your dissertation or thesis, the proposal will usually have a title page that includes:
The first part of your proposal is the initial pitch for your project. Make sure it succinctly explains what you want to do and why.
Your introduction should:
To guide your introduction , include information about:
Professional editors proofread and edit your paper by focusing on:
See an example
As you get started, it’s important to demonstrate that you’re familiar with the most important research on your topic. A strong literature review shows your reader that your project has a solid foundation in existing knowledge or theory. It also shows that you’re not simply repeating what other people have already done or said, but rather using existing research as a jumping-off point for your own.
In this section, share exactly how your project will contribute to ongoing conversations in the field by:
Following the literature review, restate your main objectives . This brings the focus back to your own project. Next, your research design or methodology section will describe your overall approach, and the practical steps you will take to answer your research questions.
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To finish your proposal on a strong note, explore the potential implications of your research for your field. Emphasize again what you aim to contribute and why it matters.
For example, your results might have implications for:
Last but not least, your research proposal must include correct citations for every source you have used, compiled in a reference list . To create citations quickly and easily, you can use our free APA citation generator .
Some institutions or funders require a detailed timeline of the project, asking you to forecast what you will do at each stage and how long it may take. While not always required, be sure to check the requirements of your project.
Here’s an example schedule to help you get started. You can also download a template at the button below.
Download our research schedule template
Research phase | Objectives | Deadline |
---|---|---|
1. Background research and literature review | 20th January | |
2. Research design planning | and data analysis methods | 13th February |
3. Data collection and preparation | with selected participants and code interviews | 24th March |
4. Data analysis | of interview transcripts | 22nd April |
5. Writing | 17th June | |
6. Revision | final work | 28th July |
If you are applying for research funding, chances are you will have to include a detailed budget. This shows your estimates of how much each part of your project will cost.
Make sure to check what type of costs the funding body will agree to cover. For each item, include:
To determine your budget, think about:
If you want to know more about the research process , methodology , research bias , or statistics , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.
Methodology
Statistics
Research bias
Once you’ve decided on your research objectives , you need to explain them in your paper, at the end of your problem statement .
Keep your research objectives clear and concise, and use appropriate verbs to accurately convey the work that you will carry out for each one.
I will compare …
A research aim is a broad statement indicating the general purpose of your research project. It should appear in your introduction at the end of your problem statement , before your research objectives.
Research objectives are more specific than your research aim. They indicate the specific ways you’ll address the overarching aim.
A PhD, which is short for philosophiae doctor (doctor of philosophy in Latin), is the highest university degree that can be obtained. In a PhD, students spend 3–5 years writing a dissertation , which aims to make a significant, original contribution to current knowledge.
A PhD is intended to prepare students for a career as a researcher, whether that be in academia, the public sector, or the private sector.
A master’s is a 1- or 2-year graduate degree that can prepare you for a variety of careers.
All master’s involve graduate-level coursework. Some are research-intensive and intend to prepare students for further study in a PhD; these usually require their students to write a master’s thesis . Others focus on professional training for a specific career.
Critical thinking refers to the ability to evaluate information and to be aware of biases or assumptions, including your own.
Like information literacy , it involves evaluating arguments, identifying and solving problems in an objective and systematic way, and clearly communicating your ideas.
The best way to remember the difference between a research plan and a research proposal is that they have fundamentally different audiences. A research plan helps you, the researcher, organize your thoughts. On the other hand, a dissertation proposal or research proposal aims to convince others (e.g., a supervisor, a funding body, or a dissertation committee) that your research topic is relevant and worthy of being conducted.
If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.
McCombes, S. & George, T. (2023, November 21). How to Write a Research Proposal | Examples & Templates. Scribbr. Retrieved June 9, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/research-process/research-proposal/
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Importance of good research paper cover page.
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MLA Style specifies guidelines for formatting manuscripts and citing research in writing. MLA Style also provides writers with a system for referencing their sources through parenthetical citation in their essays and Works Cited pages.
Writers who properly use MLA also build their credibility by demonstrating accountability to their source material. Most importantly, the use of MLA style can protect writers from accusations of plagiarism, which is the purposeful or accidental uncredited use of source material produced by other writers.
If you are asked to use MLA format, be sure to consult the MLA Handbook (9th edition). Publishing scholars and graduate students should also consult the MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing (3rd edition). The MLA Handbook is available in most writing centers and reference libraries. It is also widely available in bookstores, libraries, and at the MLA web site. See the Additional Resources section of this page for a list of helpful books and sites about using MLA Style.
The preparation of papers and manuscripts in MLA Style is covered in part four of the MLA Style Manual . Below are some basic guidelines for formatting a paper in MLA Style :
Here is a sample of the first page of a paper in MLA style:
The First Page of an MLA Paper
Writers sometimes use section headings to improve a document’s readability. These sections may include individual chapters or other named parts of a book or essay.
MLA recommends that when dividing an essay into sections you number those sections with an Arabic number and a period followed by a space and the section name.
MLA does not have a prescribed system of headings for books (for more information on headings, please see page 146 in the MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing , 3rd edition). If you are only using one level of headings, meaning that all of the sections are distinct and parallel and have no additional sections that fit within them, MLA recommends that these sections resemble one another grammatically. For instance, if your headings are typically short phrases, make all of the headings short phrases (and not, for example, full sentences). Otherwise, the formatting is up to you. It should, however, be consistent throughout the document.
If you employ multiple levels of headings (some of your sections have sections within sections), you may want to provide a key of your chosen level headings and their formatting to your instructor or editor.
The following sample headings are meant to be used only as a reference. You may employ whatever system of formatting that works best for you so long as it remains consistent throughout the document.
Formatted, unnumbered:
Level 1 Heading: bold, flush left
Level 2 Heading: italics, flush left
Level 3 Heading: centered, bold
Level 4 Heading: centered, italics
Level 5 Heading: underlined, flush left
There are plenty of texts that require the reader to read everything to understand the context underlying the topic. A cover page allows the reader to know the overarching topic of the text they are going to read.
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A cover page or a title page is a document that acts as a preface of the document, essay , and thesis . This document will have the title of the text and is commonly placed at the front of the document.
A good cover page can comprehensively obtain the attention of the reader while providing enough understanding of what the text is about. The APA cover page or title page should be in the proper format according to the standards set by APA 7 . If you need a reference for the outline format of a cover page or how a cover page should look, you may use any of the cover page templates, examples, and manuals.
If the document has affiliations with a certain group or business, then a logo of the company or business should be inserted at the top part of the cover page. If the logo does not have the name of the company or business then insert the name under the logo.
Write down the full title of the document in the middle of the cover page. This should be typed under the formal header 1 and should be bold.
After you have finished writing down the title of the document, you must type and insert the identifiers on the lower half of the cover page. The identifiers include the name/s of the author, the date the text was written, the location (optional), and any relevant information.
If the cover page is used for informal purposes, it may include a graphic or an image accompanying the title of the cover page. This image or graphic must be relevant and adjacent to the title of the document.
The cover page allows the reader to know the context of the report, document, or research without having to read the content listed inside said report, book , document, or research. Not only will it allow the reader to know the overall context of the text, but it will also act as a reference for when, and where the text was made, and the people associated with the text. Note the contents of the cover page are dictated by the location it is used in. This is also concerning the viability of using a cover page in the first place, as some documents label the cover page as an optional part of the text.
The cover page of a resume is optional as the cover letter acts as the front cover of the general resume . It is preferred that you will opt out of the cover page and use the cover letter instead. This is because most HRs and hiring managers require cover letters and will automatically decline any resumes without a cover letter. The cover page does not act as the cover letter and will sometimes be useless in the long run. A perfect resume does not require the use of a cover page.
Yes, you can design and customize the overall look and style of your cover page. But this is under the impression that the cover is for something that isn’t formal. This is because formal cover pages have to follow the usual standard, structure, and color scheme of the document. If the cover page is for informal books like autobiographies or biographies , you may customize the style of the cover page to your heart’s content.
Cover pages are a type of documents that are used as a means to hold in all the required information about a topic. Cover pages are used in thesis papers, research papers, and essay writing. Cover pages as a whole summarizes the general to specific topics needed without having to read the entire text.
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CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) was introduced with the intention of recognizing individual author contributions, reducing authorship disputes and facilitating collaboration. The idea came about following a 2012 collaborative workshop led by Harvard University and the Wellcome Trust, with input from researchers, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and publishers, including Elsevier, represented by Cell Press.
CRediT offers authors the opportunity to share an accurate and detailed description of their diverse contributions to the published work.
The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that the descriptions are accurate and agreed by all authors
The role(s) of all authors should be listed, using the relevant above categories
Authors may have contributed in multiple roles
CRediT in no way changes the journal’s criteria to qualify for authorship
CRediT statements should be provided during the submission process and will appear above the acknowledgment section of the published paper as shown further below.
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Conceptualization | Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims |
Methodology | Development or design of methodology; creation of models |
Software | Programming, software development; designing computer programs; implementation of the computer code and supporting algorithms; testing of existing code components |
Validation | Verification, whether as a part of the activity or separate, of the overall replication/ reproducibility of results/experiments and other research outputs |
Formal analysis | Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyze or synthesize study data |
Investigation | Conducting a research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection |
Resources | Provision of study materials, reagents, materials, patients, laboratory samples, animals, instrumentation, computing resources, or other analysis tools |
Data Curation | Management activities to annotate (produce metadata), scrub data and maintain research data (including software code, where it is necessary for interpreting the data itself) for initial use and later reuse |
Writing - Original Draft | Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically writing the initial draft (including substantive translation) |
Writing - Review & Editing | Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work by those from the original research group, specifically critical review, commentary or revision – including pre-or postpublication stages |
Visualization | Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically visualization/ data presentation |
Supervision | Oversight and leadership responsibility for the research activity planning and execution, including mentorship external to the core team |
Project administration | Management and coordination responsibility for the research activity planning and execution |
Funding acquisition | Acquisition of the financial support for the project leading to this publication |
*Reproduced from Brand et al. (2015), Learned Publishing 28(2), with permission of the authors.
Zhang San: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software Priya Singh. : Data curation, Writing- Original draft preparation. Wang Wu : Visualization, Investigation. Jan Jansen : Supervision. : Ajay Kumar : Software, Validation.: Sun Qi: Writing- Reviewing and Editing,
Read more about CRediT here opens in new tab/window or check out this article from Authors' Updat e: CRediT where credit's due .
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The title page (or cover page) of your thesis, dissertation, or research paper should contain all the key information about your document. It usually includes: Dissertation or thesis title. Your name. The type of document (e.g., dissertation, research paper) The department and institution. The degree program (e.g., Master of Arts)
In APA Style (7th edition), the cover page, or title page, should include: A running head (professional papers only) and page number. The title of the paper. The name of the author (s) The institutional affiliation. An author note; optional (professional papers only) A student paper should also include course information.
Student title page element. Format. Example. Paper title. Place the title three to four lines down from the top of the title page. Center it and type it in bold font. ... For a professional paper, the affiliation is the institution at which the research was conducted. Include both the name of any department and the name of the college ...
Here's how to create your APA format title as per the specified guidelines: Position your title 4-5 lines from the top of your page. Select your title to centrally align and bold it. Use the title case* while creating your heading. *Capitalize the first letter of each word apart from articles and prepositions. 4.
Once you discover a research paper cover page sample that meets your criteria, start modifying its contents. Type in your study's title, subtitle, author/s, and its submission or publication date in the designated text boxes. Remember that every element example in Canva's cover pages for research papers is complementary to the overall design.
Cover pages can include the name of your school, your paper title, your name, your course name, your teacher or professor's name, and the due date of the paper. If you are unsure of what to include, check with your instructor. Here is an example of a cover page in MLA format: For more help making cover or title pages, visit our title page ...
Revised on 18 October 2022. The title page (or cover page) of your thesis, dissertation, or research paper should contain all the key information about your document. It usually includes: Dissertation or thesis title. Your name. The type of document (e.g., dissertation, research paper) The department and institution.
The title page (also known as the cover page) is the front page of your paper. It should contain: The running head, a header at the top of the page. The first page number. The title of the paper; Your name; The institution for which you writing. Running head. The running head should be in the top-left corner of the page in uppercase. It should ...
2) Personal Details. At the bottom of the page, center aligned, should be your name, your institution and the date of submission. This is the most variable part of the title page, and you may need to include the name of your supervisor and also the level of paper - dissertation, thesis, and term paper. Check your departmental recommendations.
Indent the first line of every paragraph of text 0.5 in. using the tab key or the paragraph-formatting function of your word-processing program. Page numbers: Put a page number in the top right corner of every page, including the title page or cover page, which is page 1. Student papers do not require a running head on any page.
Step-by-step instructions. Here are the steps you need to take to create the perfect MLA title page: At the top of the page, type the name of your high school, college, or university (if applicable). Skip down approximately one-third of the page and type the title of your research paper using title case.
Like in APA, the format cover page is double-spaced and the letters are centered on the page. The name of your university should be typed first, after which you can skip down to a third of the page and add the title of the research paper. From here, you can skip several lines and add the rest of the details.
The front page of your research paper should contain your full name as it is stated on all your educational certificates. That should be on the same page where you put the topic. Title Of The Research Paper. Make sure you come up with a good title for research paper and put it on the cover page along with your name.
Crucially, citation practices do not differ between the two styles of paper. However, for your convenience, we have provided two versions of our APA 7 sample paper below: one in student style and one in professional style. Note: For accessibility purposes, we have used "Track Changes" to make comments along the margins of these samples.
Template 1: Cover Page for Research Paper Dissertation Proposal. Use this PPT Template to explain the dissertation in your research paper. It includes the title, student's name, university name, and dissertation proposal to give the reader/assessor a complete picture of your research. This template will assist you in aligning the cover page ...
A cover page is the first point of contact that conveys who the author is of the work, as well as the proposed research and class you're writing for. Explore our professional templates to get started with a sharp design or use them to find a research paper cover page example.
A Report Cover Page Template is a pre-formatted design that serves as the front page of a report, providing essential information about the document in a structured and visually appealing way. This includes details like the report title, author's name, submission date, and other relevant data. The template we created earlier is versatile and ...
Research proposal examples. Writing a research proposal can be quite challenging, but a good starting point could be to look at some examples. We've included a few for you below. Example research proposal #1: "A Conceptual Framework for Scheduling Constraint Management".
Customize one of Canva's professional cover page templates for free and print it out for your project. Skip to end of list. Business Plan Cover Pages. Essay Cover Pages. Report Cover Pages. Research Paper Cover Pages. Proposal Cover Pages. Lab Report Cover Pages. Science Cover Page.
619.70 KB. This is the front page of research work widely known as the thesis. It is written by a student who is undergoing any degree program and duly submitted to the teacher after completion. This covers the following areas: Name of student. Name of university. The title of research done. Name of professor. Due date of the paper.
Books. MLA does not have a prescribed system of headings for books (for more information on headings, please see page 146 in the MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing, 3rd edition).If you are only using one level of headings, meaning that all of the sections are distinct and parallel and have no additional sections that fit within them, MLA recommends that these sections resemble ...
The cover page allows the reader to know the context of the report, document, or research without having to read the content listed inside said report, book, document, or research. Not only will it allow the reader to know the overall context of the text, but it will also act as a reference for when, and where the text was made, and the people ...
1. Write a targeted student internship resume objective. When you apply for internships, a resume objective is the best way to start your resume off strong because it lets you target your application directly to a specific company and state your career goals.. Your resume objective should highlight your willingness to learn and how you plan to apply the real-world skills you've already ...
Conducting a research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection. Resources. Provision of study materials, reagents, materials, patients, laboratory samples, animals, instrumentation, computing resources, or other analysis tools ... Sample CRediT author statement.