*
*Dietetic Regulatory Body Requirements
Students who wish to qualify for registration with a provincial dietetics regulatory body must complete three FCE of practica and three Foundations of Practice courses.
Students who are Registered Dietitians are required to complete one 8-week practicum (1.0 FCE). Additional electives replace the second practicum (1.5-2.0 FCE) and the three Foundations courses (2.5 FCE).
Preparation for Doctoral Studies
The MPH program in Nutrition and Dietetics does not require students to complete a thesis. However, students have the opportunity to complete research practica and research papers, and are eligible for many PhD programs. Applicants wishing to pursue doctoral studies should familiarize themselves with the specific admission requirements of doctoral programs of interest.
What is an Emphasis? An emphasis is an area of professional focus within our practical dietetic training program. It incorporates additional required coursework, and specific practical training assignments to allow students with targeted professional interests to experience greater involvement and enhanced mentoring relationships in the area of dietetic practice where they hope to make their career.
Is an Emphasis consistent with a Clinical Public Health approach to dietetic training? The MPH-Nutrition and Dietetics program remains committed to a clinical public health philosophy: developing comprehensive expertise in dietetic practice within the health and food systems, from disease prevention to palliation. And all students in the program receive training across all areas of dietetic practice to meet the standards for entry to the profession.
Recognizing the overall clinical public health focus of this program and the need to prepare all students for fundamental dietetic competency at entry to practice, we believe there is room for some students to customize their program more closely to their professional aspirations. With additional classroom learning, focussed placements, and the opportunity to develop mentoring relationships with professionals in their particular area of interest, we feel this emphasis will enhance their learning experience and better prepare those students to apply their skills in their preferred area of practice.
Do all MPH-Nutrition and Dietetics students need to apply for an Emphasis? An emphasis is not required for the successful completion of the MPH-Nutrition and Dietetics program. It will be an option for students who begin the program with a deep interest in a particular area of dietetic practice.
NB: MPH- Nutrition and Dietetics students who enter the program having already completed a program of practical dietetic training (including Advanced Standing students) are not eligible to apply for an Emphasis.
Can students complete an Emphasis and a Collaborative Specialization? An emphasis may be compatible with students’ interest in relevant Collaborative Specializations, but we recognize that scheduling all of the various program requirements will be a challenge. Students who wish to complete both an Emphasis and a Collaborative Specialization will need to work with the Program Director to plan their course and placement selections carefully.
NB: Students in the MPH-Nutrition and Dietetics program will not be permitted to complete more than one Emphasis during their MPH program.
Applicants who have completed a dietetic internship, have at least 5 years of relevant professional work experience as a Registered Dietitian, and are members in a regulatory body of dietetics may be interested in the MPH: Nutrition and Dietetics – Advanced Standing option.
Please review the information in the MPH: Nutrition & Dietetics Frequently Asked Questions page.
You can also watch our latest webinar.
The College of Dietitians of Ontario The Department of Nutritional Sciences University Health Network Clinical Nutrition Compass Group Canada LinkedIn / Instagram
Elective courses.
Canadian immigration updates.
Applicants to Master’s and Doctoral degrees are not affected by the recently announced cap on study permits. Review more details
Go to programs search
The MND is a new graduate professional program based on national competencies and accreditation standards for entry into the dietetics profession in Canada.
The program involves 28 months of study with practice education placements occurring throughout the program and across British Columbia. The curriculum includes courses that focus on advanced clinical nutrition, food provision management, leadership, business and entrepreneurship, counselling, Indigenous Peoples’ health, social justice and professional dietetic practice.
For specific program requirements, please refer to the departmental program website
Students who successfully go through the course learning and practice education components will be eligible to take the national exam to become Registered Dietitians in British Columbia.
The program involves 28 months of study with practice education placements occurring throughout the program and across British Columbia. The curriculum includes courses that focus on advanced clinical nutrition, food provision management, leadership, business and entrepreneurship, counselling, Indigenous People’s health, social justice and professional dietetic practice.
Program enquiries, admission information & requirements, 1) check eligibility, minimum academic requirements.
The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies establishes the minimum admission requirements common to all applicants, usually a minimum overall average in the B+ range (76% at UBC). The graduate program that you are applying to may have additional requirements. Please review the specific requirements for applicants with credentials from institutions in:
Each program may set higher academic minimum requirements. Please review the program website carefully to understand the program requirements. Meeting the minimum requirements does not guarantee admission as it is a competitive process.
Applicants from a university outside Canada in which English is not the primary language of instruction must provide results of an English language proficiency examination as part of their application. Tests must have been taken within the last 24 months at the time of submission of your application.
Minimum requirements for the two most common English language proficiency tests to apply to this program are listed below:
Overall score requirement : 90
Overall score requirement : 6.5
Some programs require additional test scores such as the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or the Graduate Management Test (GMAT). The requirements for this program are:
The GRE is not required.
Prior degree requirements.
Bachelor's degree in any field.
Applicants with an undergraduate degree from any discipline can apply to the MND program. However, applicants must complete five prerequisites with a minimum final grade of 72% (B) in each course to showcase their foundational knowledge of food, nutrition, and health.
*Understanding the difficulty of accessing an equivalent Food Science course to FNH 200, even as part of a nutrition degree in Canada, the MND program allows this course to be in-progress at the time of application. See condition a. below.
Applicants can have multiple attempts at each prerequisite; the higher grade will be used in the GPA calculation. If multiple courses are declared to fulfill one prerequisite, then a simple average of these course grades will be used.
The MND Program will accept either condition a. or b., but not both:
For example, having both FNH 200 and biochemistry, or FNH 200 and human physiology in progress are allowed, but an applicant with both biochemistry and physiology in progress will not be considered eligible for admission to the MND
A transcript from the institution needs to display that the course is “registered” or “in-progress”. The deadline for submitting the final grade of all “in-progress” courses is May 3 of the admission year (e.g. for 2024 September intake, all grades should be submitted by May 3, 2024) . An applicant with a conditional admission offer who fails the prerequisite course may forfeit their spot in the program.
As part of the required Self-Report Form , all applicants will identify their prerequisite courses. If required, you will submit additional forms and course syllabi. All applicants should review the prerequisite flowchart carefully, to understand whether their Self-Report Form will require supporting documentation.
For more information, please visit the program site .
All applicants are required to fill out a Self-Report Form to declare their prerequisite course equivalency. Please visit the program page for more details.
September 2025 intake, application open date, canadian applicants, international applicants, deadline explanations.
Deadline to submit online application. No changes can be made to the application after submission.
Deadline to upload scans of official transcripts through the applicant portal in support of a submitted application. Information for accessing the applicant portal will be provided after submitting an online application for admission.
Deadline for the referees identified in the application for admission to submit references. See Letters of Reference for more information.
Transcripts.
All applicants have to submit transcripts from all past post-secondary study. Document submission requirements depend on whether your institution of study is within Canada or outside of Canada.
A minimum of three references are required for application to graduate programs at UBC. References should be requested from individuals who are prepared to provide a report on your academic ability and qualifications.
Many programs require a statement of interest , sometimes called a "statement of intent", "description of research interests" or something similar.
Course-based programs do not have a thesis component. While they may assign academic advisors to students, they do not require applicants to reach out to individual professors / faculty members to seek commitment as their thesis supervisor. Please do not contact faculty members for the purposes of thesis supervision if you are applying to this program.
Citizenship verification.
Permanent Residents of Canada must provide a clear photocopy of both sides of the Permanent Resident card.
All applicants must complete an online application form and pay the application fee to be considered for admission to UBC.
Fees | Canadian Citizen / Permanent Resident / Refugee / Diplomat | International |
---|---|---|
$114.00 | $168.25 | |
Tuition * | ||
Installments per year | 3 | 3 |
Tuition | $4,422.85 | $11,412.64 |
Tuition (plus annual increase, usually 2%-5%) | $13,268.55 | $34,237.92 |
Int. Tuition Award (ITA) per year ( ) | Not applicable | |
Other Fees and Costs | ||
(yearly) | $1,116.60 (approx.) | |
Estimate your with our interactive tool in order to start developing a financial plan for your graduate studies. | ||
Deposit to accept offer (if admitted) | ||
Deposit requirement | $800.00 | $800.00 |
Applicants to UBC have access to a variety of funding options.
Organizations may provide their employees with tuition benefits as part of an employment package to support lifelong learning of their workforce.
Professional / course-based programs usually do not provide merit-based funding. Some programs may offer bursaries.
Canadian and US applicants may qualify for governmental loans to finance their studies. Please review eligibility and types of loans .
All students may be able to access private sector or bank loans.
Many foreign governments provide support to their citizens in pursuing education abroad. International applicants should check the various governmental resources in their home country, such as the Department of Education, for available scholarships.
The possibility to pursue work to supplement income may depend on the demands the program has on students. It should be carefully weighed if work leads to prolonged program durations or whether work placements can be meaningfully embedded into a program.
International students enrolled as full-time students with a valid study permit can work on campus for unlimited hours and work off-campus for no more than 20 hours a week.
A good starting point to explore student jobs is the UBC Work Learn program or a Co-Op placement .
Students with taxable income in Canada may be able to claim federal or provincial tax credits.
Canadian residents with RRSP accounts may be able to use the Lifelong Learning Plan (LLP) which allows students to withdraw amounts from their registered retirement savings plan (RRSPs) to finance full-time training or education for themselves or their partner.
Please review Filing taxes in Canada on the student services website for more information.
Applicants have access to the cost estimator to develop a financial plan that takes into account various income sources and expenses.
Successful graduates from the program will be able to join the allied health professional teams and serve as Registered Dietitians in various hospitals under BC health authorities, long-term care units, community food/nutrition care programs, and private sectors.
Specialization.
The Nutrition and Dietetics curriculum includes courses that focus on advanced clinical nutrition, food provision management, leadership, business and entrepreneurship, counselling, Indigenous People’s health, social justice and professional dietetic practice.
Program website, faculty overview, academic unit, program identifier, classification.
Departments/Programs may update graduate degree program details through the Faculty & Staff portal. To update contact details for application inquiries, please use this form .
Here, you can choose from more than 300 graduate degree program options and 2000+ research supervisors. You can even design your own program.
Top Nutrition and Dietetics Universities in Canada offer students diverse education covering the fundamentals of nutritional science and food manufacturing, preservation, storage, and distribution.
Depending upon the level, students will learn how biology, behaviour, physiology, and other applied sciences play a role in nutrition and food science at a basic and advanced level.
Depending upon the major, the food science and nutrition program prepares you for various careers in the public and private sectors.
You can find a career in the following roles in diverse industries: nutrition-lifestyle management and food quality assurance.
According to US News and World Report, these are the leading universities in Canada for food science and technology degrees.
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20 | University of Guelph |
31 | University of British Columbia |
49 | University of Alberta |
61 | McGill University |
86 | University of Manitoba |
132 | University of Saskatchewan |
153 | Laval University |
Other famous universities to study this course are: ‘
Bachelor in nutrition and dietetics courses in canada.
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University of Alberta | BSc Honours (Nutrition Major) |
BSc in Nutrition and Food Science | |
University of Guelph | Bachelor of Applied Science- Applied Human Nutrition |
Bachelor of Science in Nutritional and Nutraceutical Sciences (Honours) | |
Acadia University | Bachelor of Science in Nutrition and Dietetics |
Cape Breton University | Bachelor of Science in Nutrition |
Ryerson University | Bachelor of Applied Science in Nutrition and Food |
University of British Columbia | Bachelor of Science in Food Nutrition and Health- Dietetics |
Bachelor of Science in Food and Resource Economics | |
University of Manitoba | Bachelor of Science in Human Nutritional Sciences |
McGill University | BSc (NutSc) Dietetics Major |
BSc (NutSc) Nutrition Major | |
BSc (Food S)BSc (NutSc) | |
Ryerson University | Nutrition and Food (BASc) |
Application Requirement / Document Checklist
Academic Requirements
English test scores
You need these minimum test scores to apply for a Bachelor's degree in Nutrition and Dietetics in Canada.
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University of Alberta | 30,090 |
University of Saskatchewan | 25,610 |
McGill University | 18,000- 35,000 |
Acadia University | 24,000 |
Ryerson University | 29,945-31,432 |
University of Prince Edward Island | 13998 |
University of British Columbia | 20,000-45,000 |
Master in nutrition and dietetics courses in canada.
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University of Alberta | Master of Agriculture in Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science- Human Nutrition |
University of Guelph | Master of Applied Nutrition |
Master of Science in Human Health and Nutritional Sciences | |
University of British Columbia | Master of Science in Human Nutrition |
Master of Nutrition and Dietetics | |
University of Manitoba | Master of Science in Human Nutritional Sciences |
University of Toronto | Master of Science in Nutritional Sciences |
Master of Public Health in Nutrition and Dietetics | |
Memorial University of Newfoundland | Master of Public Health- Nutrition/Dietetics |
McGill University | MSc (Applied) Human Nutrition |
Besides the Master's degree courses top public universities offer, public colleges in Canada also offer PG Diploma in Food Science.
Document checklist for applying
Academic Requirement
Applicants must pass a Bachelor's degree with a minimum of 72% in relevant areas like food science, nutrition, public health, chemistry, etc.
English Test Scores
The minimum English scores to get admitted into the Master of Nutrition or Master of Food Science
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University of British Columbia | 29,860.40 |
University of Manitoba | 18285.6 |
Ryerson University | 29,945-31,432 |
University of Toronto | 25,000-50,000 |
McGill University | 40,500 |
Dalhousie University | 18,000-24,000 |
University of Saskatchewan | 8,000- 24,000 |
Western University | 24,000- 32,000 |
University of Guelph | 18,000- 28,000 |
Doctorate in nutrition and dietetics courses in canada.
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McGill University | PhD in Human Nutrition |
University of Guelph | Doctor of Philosophy in Human Health and Nutritional Science |
PhD in Applied Human Nutrition | |
University of Toronto | Doctor of Philosophy in Laboratory- Medicine and Pathobiology-Metabolism |
PhD in Nutritional Sciences | |
University of Manitoba | PhD in Human Nutritional Sciences |
University of British Columbia | PhD in Human Nutrition |
Document Checklist for applying
Cut-off Scores that universities ask for-
The cost of studying for a Doctor of Philosophy in nutrition and food science-related programs for international students in Canada ranges from CAD 8,000 to CAD 20,000 per year.
Since this course is research-based, universities allocate tremendous funding opportunities for deserving students who can prove their research skills to professors.
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University of Alberta | Regional Excellence Scholarship | Up to CAD 5,000 based on the admission average |
International Excellence Scholarship | Up to CAD 5,000 based on the admission average | |
Gold Standard Scholarship | The top 5% of students in each faculty of the university receive up to CAD 6,000 | |
President’s International Distinction Scholarship | Up to CAD 120,000 for 4 years of undergraduate study. | |
International Leader Scholarship | Up to CAD 10,000 | |
University of British Columbia | International Major Entrance Scholarship | Students need to demonstrate exceptionally well in academics. |
Outstanding International Student Award | Students need to demonstrate brilliant academic achievement and strong extracurricular involvement. | |
University of Montreal | UseM Exemption Scholarship | For Undergraduate Programs, For master programs, the value is CAD 9787.95 per year. For a PhD program, the value is CAD 21,038.13 per year. |
McMaster University | Provost Entrance Scholarship | CAD 7.500 |
Athletic Financial Awards | CAD 4,500 | |
McMaster Chinese Alumni Peter George International Entrance Scholarship | CAD 3,000 | |
Ontario Graduate Scholarships | CAD 10,000-20,000 | |
Richard Fuller Memorial Scholarship for Science | Cad 10,000- 20,000 | |
University of Toronto | University of Toronto Scholars Program | CAD 7,500 |
President’s Scholars of Excellence Program | CAD 10,000 | |
The University of Toronto International Scholars Award | CAD 80,000-1,80,000 for 4 years | |
Kata Scholars Program | Varies |
Nutrition and Dietetics students can find jobs in hospitals or clinics etc. The job responsibilities could primarily involve providing nutritional advice/care for persons with acute or chronic disease conditions.
Other options include Dietitians community agencies (helping prevent disease and promote healthy eating, food service management ( providing the guidance and supervision necessary to link safe and nutritious meals with nutritional needs), and so on.
Some dietitians have also been working in media, marketing, or communications with the food industry or other food-related businesses.
After a few years of experience, you can start your own consulting business.
Evidently, a nutrition and dietetics degree from leading universities in Canada can help you get a job in several areas.
Jobs profiles and salaries:
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|
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Clinical Research Coordinator (CRC) | C$48k - C$74k (Estimated *) | C$59,025 |
Compliance Specialist | C$49k - C$67k (Estimated *) | C$57,215 |
Public health or community nutritionist | C$53k - C$83k (Estimated *) | C$65,970 |
Nutrition educator | C$42k - C$67k (Estimated *) | C$54,139 |
Product Development Scientist | C$46k - C$85k (Estimated *) | C$62,565 |
Research & Development (R&D) Director | C$113k - C$171k (Estimated *) | C$143,024 |
Territory Sales Manager | C$44k - C$85k (Estimated *) | C$61,866 |
The salary you are likely to earn also differs depending on the place. This is a rough estimation of the hourly pay rate for graduates in different states of Canada.
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Alberta | 45.42 |
British Columbia | 33.00 |
Manitoba | 35.00 |
New Brunswick | 33.33 |
Newfoundland & Labrador | N/A |
Northwest Territories | N/A |
Nova Scotia | 33.00 |
Nunavut | N/A |
Ontario | 36.50 |
Prince Edward Island | N/A |
Quebec | 33.05 |
Saskatchewan | 39.00 |
Yukon Territory | N/A |
A member of the SI-Canada team will be in touch within 24 hours to arrange your initial consultation with one of our education experts.
A PhD is the highest degree awarded at global universities. Study is based on a substantial research project in an area of academic interest, typically up to 100,000 words in length, written as a thesis which must be defended in an oral examination at the end of the program. All PhD students are assigned a supervisor, and the duration of a PhD is typically three years full-time and six years part-time.
Very few research degrees feature taught modules, and as such a student is expected to take more responsibility for their work and schedule. Universities in Canada are known for their academic excellence and state-of-the-art research infrastructure, along with their support for enterprise partnerships.
Canadian institutions are free to admit anyone to a PhD program, with admission generally conditional on the prospective student having completed an undergraduate degree with at least upper second-class honours, as well as a master's degree . English language ability proof is a must, and a minimum IELTS score of 6.5 is generally required. There is usually a first-year assessment to remain in study and the thesis is submitted at the end of the completed program.
Once you have decided on an area of research and have looked into how you will fund your study, there are a number of documents required when submitting your application. They include:
A research proposal is required by all students when applying to study for a PhD. The proposal should address the research you wish to undertake, how you will do it, and why it is important. A panel of experts must accept the proposal before your program can begin.
Funding and researching a PhD can be expensive. Candidates can cost between $5,000-$20,000 per year, although this is still considerably cheaper than US or UK equivalents. Dedicated scholarships can help support your PhD, and it is rare for a PhD student not to be supported by some form of bursary, grant or scholarship .
If you are interested in studying a research degree in Canada, arrange a free consultation with SI-Canada today.
SI-Canada specializes in selecting the right Canadian university or college for international students by reviewing your academic background, discussing your career goals and helping you apply. Our application services can help you achieve your dream of studying in Canada.
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Study permit applications.
Program description.
The Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Human Nutrition (Thesis) offered by the School of Human Nutrition in the Faculty of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences is a research-intensive program that emphasizes innovative and specialized learning opportunities. The program's objective is to equip students with skills in literature review, resourceful thinking, and academic writing to either continue their studies or pursue professional opportunities.
Keywords: clinical nutrition, metabolism, public health nutrition, nutritional epidemiology, nutrigenomics, global food security, Indigenous populations, nutritional biochemistry, health inequities
Each program has specific admission requirements including required application documents. Please visit the program website for more details.
Visit our Educational credentials and grade equivalencies and English language proficiency webpages for additional information.
MSc in Human Nutrition website
Graduate Program gradstudies.macdonald [at] mcgill.ca (subject: MSc%20in%20Human%20Nutrition) (email)
Application deadlines.
Intake | Applications Open | Application Deadline - International | Application Deadline - Domestic (Canadian, Permanent Resident of Canada) |
---|---|---|---|
FALL | September 15 | January 15 | January 15 |
WINTER | February 15 | June 1 | September 1 |
SUMMER | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Note: Application deadlines are subject to change without notice. Please check the application portal for the most up-to-date information.
Consult our full list of our virtual application-focused workshops on the Events webpage.
Graduate and postdoctoral studies.
For primary and secondary outcomes, percent change and P values are presented. A Wald test was used to evaluate a significant difference in diet at 8 weeks from baseline (interaction term). Error bars indicate IQRs. HDL-C indicates high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; and TMAO, trimethylamine N -oxide.
Trial Protocol
eMethods. Supplementary Methods
eResults. Supplementary Results
eAppendix. Plant-Based Dietary Intervention Reporting Checklist
eFigure 1. TwiNS Study Design
eTable 1. Twin Lifestyle Behaviors, n = 42 (21 Pairs of Twins)
eFigure 2. Macronutrient Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 2. Macronutrient Distribution by Phase and Diet
eFigure 3. Fat Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 3. Fat Distribution by Phase and Diet
eFigure 4. Grain Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 4. Grain Distribution by Phase and Diet
eFigure 5. Protein Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 5. Protein Distribution by Phase and Diet
eFigure 6. Carbohydrate Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 6. Carbohydrate Distribution by Phase and Diet
eFigure 7. Dietary Cholesterol Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 7. Dietary Cholesterol Distribution by Phase and Diet
eFigure 8. Dietary Vitamin B12 Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 8. Dietary Vitamin B12 Distribution by Phase and Diet
eFigure 9. Dietary Iron Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 9. Dietary Iron Distribution by Phase and Diet
eFigure 10. Vegetable Servings Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 10. Vegetable Servings Distribution by Phase and Diet
eFigure 11. Animal-Based Protein Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 11. Animal-Based Protein Distribution by Phase and Diet
eFigure 12. Meat Alternatives Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 12. Meat Alternatives Distribution by Phase and Diet
eTable 13. Diet Satisfaction (D-Sat28) of Participants by Diet Assignment and Phase
eTable 14. Self-Efficacy to Plan, Shop, Cook, and Choose Meals by Diet Assignment and Phase
eTable 15. Diet Preferences of Participants by Diet Assignment
eTable 16. Perceptions of Delivered, Pre-Prepared Meals by Diet Assignment
eTable 17. Barriers to Adherence to Study Eating Patterns by Diet Assignment
eTable 18. Factors that Improve Dietary Adherence and Sustainability by Diet Assignment
eTable 19. Average Self-Rated Dietary Adherence by Diet Assignment and Phase
eTable 20. Cardiovascular Health Outcomes at the End of 4 Weeks and Main Effect Model Estimates, Standard Errors, and 95% Confidence Interval for Primary and Secondary Outcome Analysis
eFigure 13. Sensitivity Analysis of the Change in Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) With Three Outliers Removed, (Mean ± SE)
eTable 21. Paired T-Tests of Cardiovascular Health Outcomes at the End of 8 Weeks
eTable 22. Unpaired T-Tests of Cardiovascular Health Outcomes at the End of 8 Weeks
eTable 23. Average Macronutrient and Micronutrient Composition of Trifecta Food Delivery Meals by Meal Type and Diet Assignment
eReferences
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Landry MJ , Ward CP , Cunanan KM, et al. Cardiometabolic Effects of Omnivorous vs Vegan Diets in Identical Twins : A Randomized Clinical Trial . JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(11):e2344457. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44457
© 2024
Question What are the cardiometabolic effects of a healthy plant-based (vegan) vs a healthy omnivorous diet among identical twins during an 8-week intervention?
Findings In this randomized clinical trial of 22 healthy, adult, identical twin pairs, those consuming a healthy vegan diet showed significantly improved low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, fasting insulin level, and weight loss compared with twins consuming a healthy omnivorous diet.
Meaning The findings from this trial suggest that a healthy plant-based diet offers a significant protective cardiometabolic advantage compared with a healthy omnivorous diet.
Importance Increasing evidence suggests that, compared with an omnivorous diet, a vegan diet confers potential cardiovascular benefits from improved diet quality (ie, higher consumption of vegetables, legumes, fruits, whole grains, nuts, and seeds).
Objective To compare the effects of a healthy vegan vs healthy omnivorous diet on cardiometabolic measures during an 8-week intervention.
Design, Setting, and Participants This single-center, population-based randomized clinical trial of 22 pairs of twins (N = 44) randomized participants to a vegan or omnivorous diet (1 twin per diet). Participant enrollment began March 28, 2022, and continued through May 5, 2022. The date of final follow-up data collection was July 20, 2022. This 8-week, open-label, parallel, dietary randomized clinical trial compared the health impact of a vegan diet vs an omnivorous diet in identical twins. Primary analysis included all available data.
Intervention Twin pairs were randomized to follow a healthy vegan diet or a healthy omnivorous diet for 8 weeks. Diet-specific meals were provided via a meal delivery service from baseline through week 4, and from weeks 5 to 8 participants prepared their own diet-appropriate meals and snacks.
Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was difference in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration from baseline to end point (week 8). Secondary outcome measures were changes in cardiometabolic factors (plasma lipids, glucose, and insulin levels and serum trimethylamine N -oxide level), plasma vitamin B 12 level, and body weight. Exploratory measures were adherence to study diets, ease or difficulty in following the diets, participant energy levels, and sense of well-being.
Results A total of 22 pairs (N = 44) of twins (34 [77.3%] female; mean [SD] age, 39.6 [12.7] years; mean [SD] body mass index, 25.9 [4.7]) were enrolled in the study. After 8 weeks, compared with twins randomized to an omnivorous diet, the twins randomized to the vegan diet experienced significant mean (SD) decreases in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (−13.9 [5.8] mg/dL; 95% CI, −25.3 to −2.4 mg/dL), fasting insulin level (−2.9 [1.3] μIU/mL; 95% CI, −5.3 to −0.4 μIU/mL), and body weight (−1.9 [0.7] kg; 95% CI, −3.3 to −0.6 kg).
Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial of the cardiometabolic effects of omnivorous vs vegan diets in identical twins, the healthy vegan diet led to improved cardiometabolic outcomes compared with a healthy omnivorous diet. Clinicians can consider this dietary approach as a healthy alternative for their patients.
Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05297825
Plant-based diets have gained recent popularity not only for their lower environmental impact compared with an omnivorous dietary pattern but also for their health benefits. 1 , 2 The most significant global health crises affecting our generation are noncommunicable diseases and climate change, which are both inextricably linked to diet, 3 and dietary patterns high in plants and low in animal foods can maximize health and environmental benefits. 4 , 5 Plant-based diets contain a diverse family of dietary patterns, which encourage a reduced consumption of animal foods. 6 Abundant evidence from observational and intervention studies 7 - 13 indicates that vegan diets are associated with improved cardiovascular health and decreased risk of cardiovascular disease, likely because of the higher daily consumption of vegetables and fruits, legumes, whole grains and nuts, and seeds compared with other different types of dietary patterns. 14
A vegan dietary pattern is typically lower in energy density but higher in fiber, vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients compared with other dietary patterns. 15 However, sometimes a vegan dietary pattern can limit specific nutrients, such as vitamin B 12 , iron, and calcium. 15 , 16 Most studies 17 , 18 examining vegan diets have been epidemiologic examinations, with a few reported clinical studies. 19 , 20 A confounding factor to consider in epidemiologic studies is the bias of self-decided vegans who may differ from nonvegans in factors that may influence diet and health. 21 In addition, a poorly formulated vegan diet can include low-quality plant foods, such as refined carbohydrates and added sugars. 22 To address these concerns, we designed a trial to compare the cardiometabolic effects of a healthy vegan diet with a healthy omnivorous diet, exposing both groups to vegetables, legumes, fruits, whole grains, nuts, and seeds. To control for genetic differences that might alter the cardiometabolic effects of diet, 23 we randomly assigned identical twins to follow the 2 diets for 8 weeks.
This study followed the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki 24 and was approved by the Stanford University Human Subjects Committee on March 9, 2022. All study participants provided written informed consent. The trial protocol is given in Supplement 1 . Additional methods are available in the eMethods in Supplement 2 . This report follows the 25-item Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials ( CONSORT ) reporting guideline of design, participants, interventions, outcomes, sample size, randomization, participant flow, baseline data, outcomes, ancillary analyses, limitations, and interpretation. Race and ethnicity data were collected via self-report and included to characterize the population for generalizability of findings.
This single-site, parallel-group, dietary intervention randomized clinical trial randomized healthy, adult identical twins to a healthy vegan or omnivorous diet for 8 weeks. Participant enrollment began March 28, 2022, and continued through May 5, 2022. The date of final follow-up data collection was July 20, 2022.
The primary outcome was the difference from baseline to 8 weeks in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels between the diet groups. Secondary outcomes included differences from baseline to 8 weeks in body weight and levels of fasting triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, insulin, trimethylamine N -oxide (TMAO), and vitamin B 12 . Exploratory assessments included diet quality, adherence, and qualitative factors to help interpret the study’s findings (eFigure 1 in Supplement 2 ).
We aimed to recruit 22 pairs of identical twins 18 years or older, a sample size determined by resource availability rather than a formal power calculation. Identical twins were recruited primarily from the Stanford Twin Registry and randomized using computerized random-number generation by a statistician (K.M.C.) blinded to the intervention, delivery, or data collection. Adult twins 18 years or older willing to consume a plant-based (vegan) or omnivore diet for 8 weeks were included. We excluded participants who weighed 45.36 kg (100 lb) or less, had a body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 40 or higher, had an LDL-C level of 190 mg/dL or higher (to convert to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0259), had a systolic blood pressure of 160 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher, or were pregnant. Individuals self-reported race and ethnicity for the purpose of demographic reporting. Inclusion and exclusion criteria have been previously published. 25
The study consisted of two 4-week phases: delivered meals and self-provided meals. Participants were provided all no-cost meals for the first 4 study weeks by a nationwide meal delivery company (Trifecta Nutrition). It was expected that after 4 weeks of food delivery and health educator counseling that participants would understand the amounts and types of foods they should purchase and prepare to achieve maximum adherence to the diets when self-providing meals.
Research staff worked with Trifecta Nutrition to develop menu offerings to match a healthy vegan and omnivorous diet, which emphasized vegetables, fruits, and whole grains while limiting added sugars and refined grains. During the initial 4 weeks, meals were delivered once each week, with 7 days of breakfast, lunch, and dinner meals. Participants also purchased and consumed snacks to meet their energy requirements following guidance from health educators.
Guiding principles were reinforced: (1) choose minimally processed foods; (2) build a balanced plate with vegetables, starch, protein, and healthy fats; (3) choose variety within each food group; and (4) individualize these guidelines to meet preferences and needs (eAppendix in Supplement 2 ). Although weight loss was not discouraged, our diet design did not include a prescribed energy restriction and was not intended to be a weight loss study. Participants were told to eat until they were satiated throughout the study.
Two types of dietary data were collected. For the primary reporting data, 3 unannounced 24-hour dietary recalls—a structured interview intended to capture detailed information about food and drink intakes—were administered within a 1-week window (2 weekdays and 1 weekend day) of each time point (baseline, week 4, and week 8). Data were collected via telephone by a registered dietitian (L.R.D.) using Nutrition Data System for Research (Nutrition Coordinating Center). For the secondary reporting data, participants were encouraged to log their food intake using the Cronometer app (Cronometer Pro, Nutrition Tracking Software for Professionals; Cronometer); these data were used by health educators for real-time guidance of participants.
At 3 time points, participants visited the Stanford Clinical and Translational Research Unit after an overnight fast of 10 to 12 hours: baseline, 4 weeks (phase 1), and 8 weeks (phase 2). Blood draw and clinical measures were assessed using standard methods (eMethods in Supplement 2 ). Stool samples were collected for future analysis to examine changes to the gut microbiome (eg, microbial diversity), metabolites, inflammatory markers, and additional health factors.
Descriptive statistics, mean (SD) or number (percentage), were used for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Table 1 presents baseline summary statistics by study group. For the primary analysis, we investigated differences between groups in the change from baseline to week 8 for LDL-C between vegan and omnivorous diets among identical twins. Primary analysis included all available data. A linear mixed model was used and included fixed effects for diet and time (baseline as reference) and an interaction effect for diet × time and a random effect for twin pair to account for the correlation between identical twins (ie, random intercept allowed intercept to vary for each twin pair). A Wald test was used to evaluate a significant difference in diet at 8 weeks from baseline (interaction term). Finally, we present model estimates (95% CIs) for diet at 8 weeks. For each secondary outcome, we evaluated a statistical model similar to the primary model as described herein.
Analyses were completed using R Studio, version 2022.12.0 (Posit Software). A 2-sided P ≤ .05 was considered to be statistically significant. No correction was applied for multiple comparisons, and secondary and exploratory analyses should be interpreted accordingly.
A total of 22 pairs of randomized twins (N = 44) were enrolled in the study. The CONSORT flow diagram of participants ( Figure 1 ) shows 22 twin pairs randomized to receive either a vegan or omnivorous diet (1 twin per diet); 21 pairs in both groups contributed to the final analyses. Baseline characteristics ( Table 1 ) included the following: mean (SD) age, 39.6 (12.7) years; 34 (77.3%) female and 10 (22.7%) male; 5 (11.4%) Asian, 2 (4.5%) Black/African American, 1 (2.3%) Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 32 (72.7%) White, 4 (9.1%) multiracial, and mean (SD) body mass index, 26.9 (4.9). Most twins (33 of 42 [78.6%]) currently lived with their twin, and most reported being similar to their twin (29 of 42 [69.0%]) ( Table 2 ; eTable 1 in Supplement 2 ).
Reported energy intake during each of the two 4-week phases (food delivery and self-provided) were lower compared with baseline for both groups (eFigures 1 to 5 and eTables 2 to 6 and 23 in Supplement 2 ). Intake of vegetables, animal-based protein sources, and plant-based protein sources by diet group and per intervention phase are provided in eFigures 6 to 12 and eTables 10 to 12 in Supplement 2 . Additional results are available in the eResults, eTables 7 to 9, and eFigures 7 to 9 in Supplement 2 .
Participants receiving the vegan diet showed a mean (SD) decrease of 13.9 (5.8) mg/dL (95% CI, −25.3 to −2.4 mg/dL) in the unadjusted mean LDL-C level at 8 weeks from baseline compared with participants receiving the omnivorous diet ( Table 2 ). As early as 4 weeks, we observed a significant decrease in mean LDL-C level among vegans compared with omnivores (eTable 20 in Supplement 2 ). The percentage of change from baseline to 8 weeks in primary and secondary outcomes between vegan and omnivorous diet groups ( Figure 2 ) showed a significant decrease in LDL-C level among the vegan compared with the omnivore group ( Table 2 ). Participants’ mean (SD) baseline LDL-C level was 114 (33.5) mg/dL, 26 leaving minimal room for participants to improve through diet alone.
Compared with participants receiving the omnivorous diet, participants receiving the vegan diet saw a significant mean (SD) decrease of 2.9 (1.3) μIU/mL in fasting insulin (95% CI, −5.3 to −0.4 μIU/mL) from baseline to 8 weeks ( P = .03) (to convert to picomoles per liter, multiply by 6.945) ( Table 2 ). Vegan participants had a significant mean (SD) decrease of −1.9 (0.7) kg in body weight (95% CI, −3.3 to −0.6 kg) from baseline to 8 weeks compared with participants on the omnivorous diet ( P = .01) ( Figure 2 ), although weight loss was observed for both diet groups. Vegans also experienced a larger but nonsignificant absolute median decrease in fasting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, vitamin B 12 , and TMAO levels; a lesser but nonsignificant decrease in glucose levels; and a nonsignificant increase in fasting triglycerides at 8 weeks from baseline compared with omnivores ( Figure 2 ).
Three outlier TMAO levels greater than 15 μM were noted: 2 at baseline and 1 at 8 weeks. After the outliers were eliminated, the TMAO level was significantly different between diet groups at 8 weeks: in this analysis, participants on the vegan diet showed a mean (SD) decrease of −2.1 (0.7) μM (95% CI, −3.5 to −0.7 μM) in the difference of TMAO from baseline to 8 weeks compared with participants on the omnivorous diet (eFigure 13 in Supplement 2 ).
Paired and unpaired 2-tailed t tests indicate minimal differences between statistical analysis approach (eTables 21 and 22 in Supplement 2 ). Participants receiving the omnivorous diet had nominally higher diet satisfaction at weeks 4 and 8 compared with vegan participants (eTable 13 in Supplement 2 ). Additional results are available in eResults and eTables 14 to 20 in Supplement 2 .
In this randomized clinical trial of healthy, adult identical twins, the 8-week change in LDL-C level—the primary outcome—was significantly lower for twins receiving the vegan diet compared with twins receiving the omnivorous diet. Insulin levels and weight were also significantly lower among the twins on the vegan diet from baseline to 8 weeks. Vegan-diet participants had total lower protein intake as a percentage of calories, lower dietary satisfaction, lower intake of dietary cholesterol, but higher intake of vegetable servings and intake of dietary iron. Vegans had lower intake of vitamin B 12 , yet serum vitamin B 12 levels were not statistically different than omnivores at 8 weeks, likely because of preserved stores. 27 Long-term vegans are typically encouraged to take a cyanocobalamin (vitamin B 12 ) supplement.
Two factors may have limited our opportunity to observe additional differences between the study groups. First, participants in both diet groups were assigned to eat a healthy diet, usually healthier compared with their prestudy dietary pattern demonstrated by increased vegetable intake and decreased refined grains intake. Even the omnivorous participants improved their diet quality during the 8-week intervention (eg, increased vegetables and whole grain intake and decreased added sugars and refined grains). Second, within both groups, potential differences in clinical end point changes may have been blunted because participants were healthy at baseline. For example, participants’ mean baseline LDL-C level was 114 mg/dL, 26 leaving minimal room for participants to improve through diet alone. Nonetheless, we observed significant improvements in 3 clinical outcomes (LDL-C, insulin, and weight) among the vegan participants.
Our results corroborate a previous finding showing that eating a vegan diet can improve cardiovascular health. 28 A larger body of evidence from randomized clinical trials suggests that vegetarian and other plant-based dietary patterns lower weight 29 - 31 and improve lipid management, 30 , 32 , 33 glucose metabolism, 33 , 34 blood pressure, 35 - 37 and cardiometabolic health. 38 Our results also mirror a recently completed 2-year dietary intervention trial among African Americans randomized to a vegan or low-fat omnivorous diet, finding improvements in body weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors. 39
Novel to this study was our population of identical twins, a valuable resource in scientific research that provided a unique opportunity to investigate the effects of a dietary intervention while controlling for genetic and environmental factors, 40 influences that can significantly impact health outcomes, including body weight, cardiovascular health, and metabolic function. 40 , 41 Because identical twins have nearly identical DNA and many shared experiences (eg, upbringing, geographic region growing up, and similar exposure to other variables), observed differences in health outcomes after adoption of different dietary patterns can largely be attributed to the diet itself.
We were surprised that TMAO concentrations did not significantly differ between diets at 8 weeks because of the higher meat content in the omnivorous diet and of the meat TMAO precursors choline and carnitine. 42 , 43 Although some studies 44 , 45 report a positive association between the concentration of serum TMAO and development of cardiovascular disease, whether TMAO is a bystander or mediator of disease remains unknown. In a sensitivity analysis that removed 3 TMAO outlier participants, lower TMAO levels were found in the vegan participants. Prior research 42 , 43 has suggested that vegans have lower TMAO levels than meat or fish eaters because of the TMAO precursors choline and carnitine in animal products. In a recent crossover dietary trial (Study With Appetizing Plantfood-Meat Eating Alternative Trial [SWAP-MEAT]), 46 participants consuming plant-based alternative meat vs animal meat had significantly lower TMAO concentrations. In addition to our 3 TMAO outliers, we observed variability among participants in TMAO concentration changes. Further investigation is needed on TMAO as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the association of dietary choline and carnitine vs fish with serum TMAO concentrations.
A recent meta-epidemiologic study 47 examining dietary recommendations from current clinical practice guidelines recommends diets rich in unrefined plant foods and low in refined and animal-based foods. Clinical practice guidelines from the American Heart Association recommend that practitioners encourage patients to choose healthy sources of protein, mostly from plants, to promote cardiovascular health. 11 , 48 Additionally, Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025 49 includes a healthy, vegetarian-style dietary pattern that can be adopted for improved health and chronic disease prevention. Although our findings suggest that vegan diets offer a protective cardiometabolic advantage compared with a healthy, omnivorous diet, excluding all meats and/or dairy products may not be necessary because research 22 , 50 suggests that cardiovascular benefits can be achieved with modest reductions in animal foods and increases in healthy plant-based foods compared with typical diets. We believe lower dietary satisfaction in the vegan group may have been attributable to the strictness of the vegan diet, creating more barriers for people to follow the vegan diet guidelines. Some people may find a less restrictive diet preferable for LDL-C–lowering effects. Future studies assessing health benefits of less strict plant-based diets will be necessary to assess these benefits, especially in a study model limiting additional biases (eg, in twins). Within a clinical setting, patients should be supported in choosing a dietary pattern that fits their needs and preferences. 41 , 51 Clinicians should allow patients to make informed choices that support them to choose which dietary approach is most suitable for them. At a population level, wider adoption of a culturally appropriate dietary pattern that is higher in plant foods and lower in animal foods can promote health and environmental benefits. 3 , 4 , 10 , 52
Several aspects of our design and implementation were strengths. First, enrolling identical twins was beneficial because we were able to eliminate the confounding influences of age, sex, and genetic factors that may affect clinical outcomes. Identical twins often share a similar environment and lifestyle, reducing environmental factors on the study results. Second, the initial 4-week period of food delivery facilitated participants’ high adherence to the diet, whereas the latter 4 weeks of self-provided foods increased generalizability. Third, we used LDL-C, a well-established cardiometabolic clinical value, as the primary outcome. 26 Fourth, we assessed an extensive set of well-studied secondary clinical outcomes to evaluate overall cardiometabolic health. Fifth, diet data collection using the state-of-the-art Nutrition Data System for Research allowed us to assess and report on adherence—an important metric in free-living trials 53 —and compare macronutrient and micronutrient intakes. Sixth, previous trials 11 , 13 , 31 , 50 , 54 , 55 have reported similar metabolic and weight loss benefits of vegan diets yet tended to focus on very low–fat vegan diets, study populations with diabetes or overweight, and comparison diets with limited attention to equipoise. Novelties of the current trial were the use of a more moderate- and higher-fat vegan diet (unsaturated fat), 11 the generally healthy population without diabetes or overweight, and a healthy omnivorous comparison diet (eg, higher in vegetables and fiber than the baseline diet). Seventh, to provide fair and objective comparisons and avoid “straw man” comparators, we emphasized high-quality, exemplary dietary choices to participants on both diets.
The study also has some limitations. First, the adult twin population was generally healthy and may not be generalizable to other populations. Second, we studied a small sample size (N = 44); however, the use of monozygotic twins may reduce issues of reproducibility because the twins acted as their own controls. Third, study duration was short (8 weeks); however, in this study as well as several previous trials, 46 , 56 clinically relevant changes in cardiovascular risk factors (eg, LDL-C and weight) were observed as early as 4 weeks into the intervention. Fourth, there was no follow-up period, which limited insights of poststudy stability and sustainability of diet behaviors. Fifth, our study was not designed to be isocaloric; thus, changes to LDL-C cannot be separated from weight loss observed in the study. We designed this study as a “free-living” study; thus, the behavior of following a vegan diet may induce the physiological changes we observed. However, the biological mechanisms cannot be determined to be causally from solely the vegan diet alone because of confounding variables (weight loss, decrease in caloric intake, and increase in vegetable intake). Sixth, diversity in education and socioeconomic status was lacking.
In this randomized clinical trial, we observed cardiometabolic advantages for the healthy vegan vs the healthy omnivorous diet among healthy, adult identical twins. Clinicians may consider recommending plant-based diets to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors, as well as aligning with environmental benefits.
Accepted for Publication: October 12, 2023.
Published: November 30, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44457
Correction: This article was corrected on December 26, 2023, to fix the last sentence in the Secondary Outcomes subsection of the Results section.
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License . © 2023 Landry MJ et al. JAMA Network Open .
Corresponding Author: Christopher D. Gardner, PhD, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 3180 Porter Dr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 ( [email protected] ).
Author Contributions: Dr Gardner had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Drs Landry and Ward are co–first authors.
Concept and design: Landry, Cunanan, Perelman, Robinson, J. L. Sonnenburg, Gardner.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: All authors.
Drafting of the manuscript: Landry, Ward, Cunanan, Durand, Perelman, Dant.
Critical review of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Landry, Ward, Cunanan, Robinson, Hennings, Koh, Dant, Zeitlin, Ebel, E. D. Sonnenburg, J. L. Sonnenburg, Gardner.
Statistical analysis: Landry, Ward, Durand, Zeitlin.
Obtained funding: J. L. Sonnenburg, Gardner.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Perelman, Robinson, Hennings, Dant, E. D. Sonnenburg, J. L. Sonnenburg.
Supervision: Cunanan, Dant, E. D. Sonnenburg, J. L. Sonnenburg, Gardner.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Ebel reported receiving grants from the National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology during the conduct of the study. Dr Gardner reported receiving funding from Beyond Meat outside the submitted work. Dr J. L. Sonnenburg is a Chan Zuckerberg Biohub investigator. No other disclosures were reported.
Funding/Support: This study was funded by the Vogt Foundation (Drs Robinson, J. L. Sonnenburg, and Gardner and Ms Hennings), grants UL1TR001085 and TL1R001085 from the Stanford Clinical and Translational Science Award unit (Dr O’Hara), and grant T32HL161270 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Dr Ward).
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Data Sharing Statement: See Supplement 3 .
Additional Contributions: We acknowledge the study participants without whom this investigation would not have been possible.
At michigan state university, investigating the conditions for a new stellar process.
A scientific research team studied how the barium-139 nucleus captures neutrons in the stellar environment in an experiment at Argonne National Laboratory ’s (ANL) CARIBU facility using FRIB’s Summing Nal (SuN) detector . The team’s goal was to lessen uncertainties related to lanthanum production. Lanthanum is a rare earth element sensitive to intermediate neutron capture process (i process) conditions. Uncovering the conditions of the i process allows scientists to determine its required neutron density and reveal potential sites where it might occur. The team recently published its findings in Physical Review Letters (“First Study of the 139Ba(𝑛,𝛾)140Ba Reaction to Constrain the Conditions for the Astrophysical i Process”).
Artemis Spyrou , professor of physics at FRIB and in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Michigan State University (MSU), and Dennis Mücher , professor of physics at the University of Cologne in Germany, led the experiment. MSU is home to FRIB, the only accelerator-based U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science (DOE-SC) user facility on a university campus. FRIB is operated by MSU to support the mission of the DOE-SC Office of Nuclear Physics as one of 28 DOE-SC user facilities.
Combining global collaboration and world-class educational experiences
The experiment was a collaborative effort involving more than 30 scientists and students from around the world. Participating institutions included the University of Victoria in Canada, the University of Oslo in Norway, and the University of Jyväskyla in Finland.
“The collaboration is essential because everyone comes from different backgrounds with different areas of expertise,” Spyrou said. “Together, we’re much stronger. It’s really an intellectual sharing of that knowledge and bringing new ideas to the experiment.”
The international collaboration also included five FRIB graduate and two FRIB undergraduate students. FRIB is an educational resource for the next generation of science and technical talent. Students enrolled in nuclear physics at MSU can work with scientific researchers from around the world to conduct groundbreaking research in accelerator science, cryogenic engineering, and astrophysics.
“Our students contribute to every aspect of the experiment, from transporting the instrumentation to unpacking and setting it up, then testing and calibrating it to make sure everything works,” Spyrou said. “Then, we all work together to identify what’s in the beam. Is it reasonable? Do we accept it? Once everything is set up and ready, we all take shifts.”
Measuring the i process
Producing some of the heaviest elements found on Earth, like platinum and gold, requires stellar environments rich in neutrons. Inside stars, neutrons combine with an atomic nucleus to create a heavier nucleus. These nuclear reactions, called neutron capture processes, are what create these heavy elements. Two neutron capture processes are known to occur in stars: the rapid neutron capture process ( r process) and the slow neutron capture process ( s process). Yet, neither process can explain some astronomic observations, such as unusual abundance patterns found on very old stars. A new stellar process—the i process—may help. The i process represents neutron densities that fall between those of the r and s processes.
“Through this reaction we are constraining, we discovered that compared to what theory predicted, the amount of lanthanum is actually less,” said Spyrou.
Spyrou said that combining lanthanum with other elements, like barium and europium, helps provide a signature of the i process.
“It’s a new process, and we don’t know the conditions where the i process is happening. It’s all theoretical, so unless we constrain the nuclear physics, we will never find out,” Spyrou said. “This was the first strong constraint from the nuclear physics point of view that validates that yes, the i process should be making these elements under these conditions.”
Neutron capture processes are difficult to measure directly, Spyrou said. Indirect techniques, like the beta-Oslo and shape methods, help constrain neutron capture reaction rates in exotic nuclei . These two methods formed the basis of the barium-139 nucleus experiment.
To measure the data, beams provided by ANL’s CARIBU facility produced a high-intensity beam and delivered it to the center of the SuN detector, a device that measures gamma rays emitted from decaying isotope beams. This tool was pivotal in producing strong data constraints during the study.
“I developed SuN with my group at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, the predecessor to FRIB,” Spyrou said. “It’s a very efficient and large detector. Basically, every gamma ray that comes out, we can detect. This is an advantage compared to other detectors, which are smaller.”
The first i process constraint paves the way for more research
Studying the barium-139 neutron capture was only the first step in discovering the conditions of the i process. Mücher is starting a new program at the University of Cologne that aims to measure some significant i process reactions directly. Spyrou said that she and her FRIB team plan to continue studying the i process through different reactions that can help constrain the production of different elements or neutron densities. They recently conducted an experiment at ANL to study the neodymium-151 neutron capture. This neutron capture is the dominant reaction for europium production.
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation.
Michigan State University operates the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) as a user facility for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science (DOE-SC), supporting the mission of the DOE-SC Office of Nuclear Physics. Hosting what is designed to be the most powerful heavy-ion accelerator, FRIB enables scientists to make discoveries about the properties of rare isotopes in order to better understand the physics of nuclei, nuclear astrophysics, fundamental interactions, and applications for society, including in medicine, homeland security, and industry.
The U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of today’s most pressing challenges. For more information, visit energy.gov/science .
The Integrated Program in Nutrition and Dietetics (IPND) combines graduate-level didactic coursework with supervised experiential learning (SEL). This ACEND accredited program qualifies graduates to take the registration examination for dietitians and to apply for active membership in the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics . Faculty members are committed to disseminating evidence-based information and advanced nutrition knowledge so as to prepare graduates to become adept registered dietitian nutritionists. The program is designed for our graduates to make significant and meaningful contributions to the science and practice of the profession, and prepares graduates to actively address the health needs of society and the unique needs of urban areas.
The program is comprised of 53 credits of coursework including four seminar courses that complement and incorporate the four SEL rotations students are expected to complete: Community Nutrition, Food Service/Management, Focused Nutrition Practice, and Clinical Nutrition. SEL rotations may occur year-round based on availability and courses may be scheduled during the Fall, Spring, and/or Summer semesters. Students can anticipate completing their SEL hours on days when they are not in class for most rotations (with the exception that the clinical rotation will likely be full time with evening courses scheduled). The program uses a cohort model where all students admitted to a pathway take the same sequence of courses together. There are two pathways available for completing the program:
Download the IPND Handbook (PDF)
The mission of the Integrated Program in Nutrition and Dietetics is to prepare graduates ready to practice as Registered Dietitian Nutritionists with increased competence and advanced skills in clinical and community nutrition, and to advance the science and practice of nutrition and dietetics.
Goal 1 : Program graduates will demonstrate evidence-based practice to advance the science in the field of nutrition and dietetics.
Objectives:
Goal 2: Program graduates will be prepared for careers in nutrition and dietetics as skilled practitioners with an advanced degree who are equipped to actively address the changing health needs of urban metropolitan areas such as NYC.
Outcomes data is available upon request.
Hunter's IPND, within the Department of Nutrition and Public Health, is an ACEND-accredited Graduate Program in Nutrition and Dietetics under the Future Education Model Accreditation Standards. For further information and ACEND accreditation, contact:
Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics 120 South Riverside Plaza Suite 2190 Chicago, Illinois 60606-6995 Phone: (800)-877-1600 ext: 5400 E-mail: [email protected] https://www.eatrightpro.org/acend
Effective January 1, 2024, the Commission on Dietetic Registration (CDR) requires a minimum of a master’s degree to be eligible to take the credentialing exam to become a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN). In order to be approved for registration examination eligibility with a bachelor’s degree, an individual must have met all eligibility requirements and be submitted into CDR's Registration Eligibility Processing System (REPS) before 12:00 midnight Central Time, December 31, 2023 . For more information about this requirement visit CDR's website . In addition, CDR requires that individuals complete coursework and supervised practice in program(s) accredited by the Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics (ACEND). Graduates who successfully complete the ACEND-accredited Integrated Program in Nutrition and Dietetics program at Hunter College are eligible to apply to take the CDR credentialing exam to become an RDN.
In some states, graduates also must obtain licensure or certification to practice. All U.S. states and territories with licensure and certification laws accept the RDN credential for state licensure and certification purposes.· Even though the Certified Dietitian Nutritionist (CDN) license in the state of New York is optional and not required in addition to the RDN certificate to practice, our students often tell us that their start date is pushed back if they don't receive this certification. See information about state licensure requirements.
See more information about educational pathways to become a RDN.
IPND: 53 credits (15 didactic courses + 4 supervised practice courses) over 2 year: Total In-State Tuition: ~$30,000 (*includes the Academic Excellence Fee of $150/Cr which is in addition to the base graduate tuition rate).
* The $150/cr translates to an additional total of $7,950 for the 53-credit program; which will be ~$4,690 over the 2 years.
Uses of the Academic Excellence Fee:
See Hunter Registrar website for tuition and fee costs and Hunter's helpful online tuition calculator.
Additional Program and NYC associated costs:
Please note that there are costs associated with onboarding for rotations. We estimate a total of $300. The costs depend on the individual rotation sites. We have no control over their demands, but aim to choose sites preferentially that cover the charges for onboarding costs. Please keep us informed.
Admission Requirements
Application Content
Submit all application materials to Hunter Graduate Admissions :
Application Deadline: March 1
Prerequisites
As a science-based didactic program, the IPND requires a strong foundation in chemistry and the biological sciences. Appropriate science/lab classes are a single semester and often denoted as appropriate for health professions. It is preferred that the two Nutrition (NFS) prerequisite courses be completed at Hunter College or by our Challenge Exam (see below) although this is not required. Please note that you do not need prerequisite courses to be approved in advance . To help as a guide in prerequisite selection, see this course equivalency link showing select institutions previous applicants have attended.
TOTAL Minimum Credits | 34 Credits |
Prerequisite Courses | Minimum Credits |
General Chemistry (with lab) | 4 (1 semester) |
Organic Chemistry (with lab) | 4 (1 semester) |
Human Anatomy and Physiology I & II (both with lab)** | 8 (2 semesters) |
Microbiology (with lab) | 3 |
Biochemistry (should require an organic chemistry prerequisite) | 3 |
*Intro to Nutrition (or via Challenge Exam) | 3 |
*Intro to Food Science (or via Challenge Exam) | 3 |
Statistics | 3 |
Psychology or Sociology or Anthropology or Economics | 3 |
*Introduction to Nutrition (NFS 14100) and Introduction to Food Science I (NFS 13100) can also be taken on a self-study basis, with the "Challenge Exam" option (guidelines below.) NFS 14100 and NFS 13100 are also available at Hunter as online courses. Please see the Hunter College Schedule of Classes .
**A 1 (one) semester course in Anatomy with lab (4 credits) plus a 1 (one) semester course in Physiology with lab (4 credits) can be substituted for classes A&P 1 & 2.
For Prospective Master's Students Only
A Challenge Exam may be taken in lieu of the Introduction to Nutrition and/or the Food Science prerequisite coursework requirement for the Integrated Program in Nutrition and Dietetics.
Challenge Exam Dates
Time : 11am - 1pm, In-person
To sign up for a future challenge exam complete our ONLINE REQUEST FORM For additional information contact: [email protected]
Note that only one exam can be taken on any exam date. Prior to the exam date, an email will be sent to students who register for the exam detailing the procedures for accessing the Silberman building and taking the exam.
The cost of each exam is $125.00.
Please bring a check for $125.00 made payable to "Hunter College Nutrition & Food Science." Please also bring a #2 pencil and calculator with you.
Materials for the Exam: On the day of the exam, please bring a check for $125.00 made payable to "Hunter College Nutrition & Food Science"), a #2 pencil, and a calculator.
Challenge Exam Textbooks: Books can be purchased online, from the Hunter College Bookstore and at Barnes & Noble.
The 53 - credit, 1050 supervised hours MS-IPND is comprised of the courses below. There are two path options for the program, a 2-year and a 3-year, at the bottom of this page you will see a sample sequence of courses by semester for each of the paths.
Classes meet once per week Fall & Spring semesters, Monday thru Thursday mornings or afternoons (occasionally a class may need to be scheduled in the evening), and are in-class, hybrid or online as noted in the CunyFirst online semester course schedule. In addition, one class is given the Summer I preceeding the first Fall semester and one class is given during Summer II; both are online either fully or partially asynchronous.
Supervised Experiential Learning (SEL) rotations may meet Monday-Friday when the schedule allows and are usually scheduled on days when classes are not held during the semester
Students must maintain an average GPA of 3.0 throughout the program in accordance with Hunter College Graduate Policies. All students must complete a minimum of 53 credits of the Program Coursework, demonstrate required competence, meet all SEL requirements-including the minimum hours, as well as comply with all policies, procedures, and standards of professional behavior in order to graduate from the program and receive a Verification Statement.
The online schedule, registration, and student records system for all CUNY institutions is known as CunyFirst. To locate the Nutrition courses & schedule, in CunyFirst, select 'Hunter', the semester and year, and for department: 'Public Health-NUTR.' Graduate course numbers are 70000 - 79999.
Note: Fall semester at Hunter typically starts the last week of August pre-Labor Day.
Component Requirements of MS-IPND
All courses are 3 credits unless noted otherwise
Didactic Coursework - total 41 credits
Seminars and Supervised Experiential Learning (SEL) - total 12 credits and ~1050 hours SEL
NUTR Culminating Experience - total 3 credits
Students in the Capstone complete a research paper and take a final comprehensive exam. A final grade in the course is indicative of passing the exam. Upon completion of the DPD academic coursework and Capstone, students will receive a Verification Statement
Sample Schedule for 2-year IPND Path
Sample Schedule for 3-year IPND Path
For Didactic Coursework
Students may receive credits or course waivers in two ways:
NB: A maximum of four graduate level IPND courses (12 credits) may be transferred into the MS degree program.
For SEL Rotation Experiences
The Hunter College Integrated Program in Nutrition and Dietetics participates in the Prior Assessed Learning program recognized by the Accreditation Council for Nutrition and Dietetics (ACEND). The Prior Assessed Learning (PAL) program is designed to grant varying degrees of credit for SEL in specific rotations of the IPND based on the qualified applicant’s learning as demonstrated through paid work or volunteer experiences. Experiences considered for PAL must meet competencies required by ACEND that are equivalent to an entry-level dietitian . Credit for SEL is given for learning and gaining knowledge, not for work experience, and thus is given when an applicant demonstrates an increase in knowledge and skills. PAL will not be granted as a replacement for any of the didactic portion or SEL rotation-associated seminar courses of the IPND. Experiences submitted for PAL will have taken place as part of a professional career , e.g., as a chef with managerial tasks or as an employee at an agency operating or developing nutrition programs.
PAL credit will not exceed 50% of the total hours of the SEL rotations (currently = 525 hours) and does not replace the experience integrated into the coursework in the form of projects and assignments.
Dr. Khursheed Navder , RDN, FAND Director, Integrated Program in Nutrition and Dietetics Hunter College Department of Nutrition and Public Health Silberman Building, Room 502 2180 Third Avenue New York, NY 10035 (212) 396-7776 [email protected]
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A PhD degree in Human Nutrition is suitable for students with a MSc degree in Nutritional Sciences or related areas who wish to become independent researchers and/or leaders in the field of nutritional sciences. The School offers a stimulating research environment in which students can pursue a PhD degree from a wide variety of research themes due to the great diversity of research interests ...
The graduate program in Human Nutrition offers opportunities for advanced study and original investigations in basic and applied human nutrition at both the master's and doctoral levels. The curriculum includes coursework and thesis research through laboratory or field work in a variety of areas relevant to human nutrition including nutrient metabolism, diet and disease, nutrition through the ...
The Human Nutritional Sciences PhD program integrates concepts in metabolism, food and community nutrition. Areas of study include metabolic and molecular nutrition, applied human nutrition and food quality and acceptability. ... MB R3T 2N2 Canada. [email protected] Phone: 204-474-9377. Monday to Friday 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
Everything about PhD's in Nutrition & Dietetics in Canada: Explore top universities, costs, scholarships, ... Canada is one of the most popular study destinations in the world due to its high focus on the quality of its universities and its emphasis on attracting international students who can later immigrate. Canadians are very welcoming to ...
Program Description. The Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Human Nutrition offered by the School of Human Nutrition in the Faculty of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences is a research-intensive program that emphasizes specialized and innovative learning opportunities. The program's objective is to equip students with skills in literature review, scientific communication, analytical thinking ...
519-824-4120 ext. 52730. [email protected]. Graduate programs in Human Health and Nutritional Sciences program focus on physical activity and diet as powerful lifestyle determinants of human health. The interaction between genetics and environmental factors ultimately determines the health of an individual.
The PhD program is offered in: 1) biomechanics; 2) nutrition, exercise and metabolism; and 3) nutritional and nutraceutical sciences. The focus is on physical activity and diet as powerful lifestyle determinants of human health. The interaction between genetics and environmental factors determines human health and lifestyle is a major component of our environment.
Faculty of Land and Food Systems. Vancouver Campus. 248-2357 Main Mall. , Tel 604 822 1219. Fax 604 822 6394. Website. Email. Human Nutrition (MSc, PhD) You want to move the needle on global knowledge surrounding human nutrition — and move human wellbeing forward while you're at it.
A PhD degree in Human Nutrition is suitable for students with a MSc degree in Nutritional Sciences or related areas who wish to become independent researchers and/or leaders in the field of nutritional Sciences. The School offers a stimulating research environment with opportunities in a wide range of areas of basic science, clinical research with our many hospital clinicians, as well as ...
MSc and PhD. Contact & Address. Web: nutrisci.med.utoronto.ca Email: [email protected] Telephone: (416) 978-6071 Fax: (416) 978-5882. Department of Nutritional Sciences Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto Medical Sciences Building, 5th Floor, Room 5253A 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
Both programs are offered in-person at the Guelph campus. The MSc typically takes two (2) years, while the PhD takes three to four (3-4) years to complete. Program Brochure Cost of Tuition/Living. More information on courses and admission requirements can be found here. Food Science Graduate Calendar.
A PhD in Nutrition and Food Science can lead to a variety of careers in academia, healthcare, and more. "Full funding" is a financial aid package for full-time students that includes full tuition remission as well as an annual stipend or salary during the entire program, which is usually 3-6 years. Funding usually comes with the expectation ...
Food scientists integrate and apply fundamental knowledge from multiple disciplines to ensure a safe, nutritious, sustainable and high quality food supply, and to establish scientifically sound principles that guide policy and regulations pertaining to food on a global scale. Since its inception in 1969, the Food Science Program at UBC has been a leader in providing opportunities for advanced ...
A wide range of potential specializations are open to students in our nutrition graduate programs. Research activities focus on areas that are highly relevant to improving health and quality of life and include clinical nutrition, community nutrition, nutritional biochemistry, dietary assessment and nutritional epidemiology, nutrition education, nutrition intervention, food security, food ...
Applied human nutrition; Food chemistry and bioresources; Food processing and preservation ... Why international students study with us; We offer state of the art facilities with 140 years of history. ... Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada. [email protected] Phone: 204-474-9377. Monday to Friday 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Program inquiries ...
Below is a list of best universities in Canada ranked based on their research performance in Nutrition and Food Science. A graph of 1.93M citations received by 58.1K academic papers made by 50 universities in Canada was used to calculate publications' ratings, which then were adjusted for release dates and added to final scores.
The UConn School of Business has grown to become one of the most comprehensive business schools in the country. NEW: Want to study in your home country for a foreign qualification? Find out more about cross-border study! 29 Universities in Canada offering Nutrition and Health degrees and courses. Plan your studies abroad now.
Best PhD Degrees in Nutrition at Universities in Canada. There are 6 study programs available at 6 schools and universities in the world, according to Erudera.. Erudera aims to have the largest and most updated database of study programs available in the world, and new study programs are being added weekly.You can use the filters to narrow down your search or sort your results based on ...
It is administered by the Graduate Department of Public Health Sciences in partnership with the Department of Nutritional Sciences, the University Health Network , and Compass Group Canada. The dietetic education program (20 month) is accredited by the Partnership for Dietetic Education and Practice (PDEP) and prepares students for eligibility ...
The MND is a new graduate professional program based on national competencies and accreditation standards for entry into the dietetics profession in Canada. The program involves 28 months of study with practice education placements occurring throughout the program and across British Columbia. The curriculum includes courses that focus on advanced clinical nutrition, food provision management ...
Top Universities for Nutrition and Dietetics in Canada. According to US News and World Report, these are the leading universities in Canada for food science and technology degrees. Global Ranking. University. 20. University of Guelph. 31. University of British Columbia. 49.
PhD Degrees in Canada. A PhD is the highest degree awarded at global universities. Study is based on a substantial research project in an area of academic interest, typically up to 100,000 words in length, written as a thesis which must be defended in an oral examination at the end of the program.
In most cases, a study permit expires 90 days after the expected completion of an international student's study program. When an eligible graduating student applies online for a PGWP before their study permit expires, they can work full-time while they wait for approval on a work permit and receive an automated letter that can be shown to employers.
New study permit applications under the Student Direct Stream are processed within 34 days as of January 31, 2024. The measures announced on January 22, including a cap on study permit intake, aim to curb the rapid increases in the number of international students arriving in Canada. Post-Graduate Work Permits
Program Description. The Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Human Nutrition (Thesis) offered by the School of Human Nutrition in the Faculty of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences is a research-intensive program that emphasizes innovative and specialized learning opportunities. The program's objective is to equip students with skills in literature review, resourceful thinking, and academic writing ...
At baseline, the mean AHI was 51.5 events per hour in trial 1 and 49.5 events per hour in trial 2, and the mean body-mass index (BMI, the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in ...
Kudos to Dr. Gardner and his team on a great trial design (twins) to mitigate confounders in this notoriously difficult-to-study field of nutrition. In this RCT of 22 healthy, adult, identical twin pairs, they found that those consuming a healthy vegan diet significantly improved LDL-C, fasting insulin levels, and weight loss compared with ...
A scientific research team studied how the barium-139 nucleus captures neutrons in the stellar environment in an experiment at Argonne National Laboratory's (ANL) CARIBU facility using FRIB's Summing Nal (SuN) detector. The team's goal was to lessen uncertainties related to lanthanum production. Lanthanum is a rare earth element sensitive to intermediate neutron capture process (i ...
The Integrated Program in Nutrition and Dietetics (IPND) combines graduate-level didactic coursework with supervised experiential learning (SEL). This ACEND accredited program qualifies graduates to take the registration examination for dietitians and to apply for active membership in the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Faculty members are ...