39 Different Ways to Say ‘In Conclusion’ in an Essay (Rated)
Chris Drew (PhD)
Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]
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The phrase “In conclusion …” sounds reductive, simple and … well, just basic.
You can find better words to conclude an essay than that!
So below I’ve outlined a list of different ways to say in conclusion in an essay using a range of analysis verbs . Each one comes with an explanation of the best time to use each phrase and an example you could consider.
Read Also: How to Write a Conclusion using the 5C’s Method
List of Ways to Say ‘In Conclusion’ in an Essay
The following are the best tips I have for to say in conclusion in an essay.
1. The Weight of the Evidence Suggests…
My Rating: 10/10
Overview: This is a good concluding phrase for an evaluative essay where you need to compare two different positions on a topic then conclude by saying which one has more evidence behind it than the other.
You could also use this phrase for argumentative essays where you’ve put forward all the evidence for your particular case.
Example: “The weight of the evidence suggests that climate change is a real phenomenon.”
2. A Thoughtful Analysis would Conclude…
My Rating: 9/10
Overview: I would use this phrase in either an argumentative essay or a comparison essay. As an argument, it highlights that you think your position is the most logical.
In a comparison essay, it shows that you have (or have intended to) thoughtfully explore the issue by looking at both sides.
Example: “A thoughtful analysis would conclude that there is substantial evidence highlighting that climate change is real.”
Related Article: 17+ Great Ideas For An Essay About Yourself
3. A Balanced Assessment of the Above Information…
Overview: This phrase can be used to show that you have made a thoughtful analysis of the information you found when researching the essay. You’re telling your teacher with this phrase that you have looked at all sides of the argument before coming to your conclusion.
Example: “A balanced assessment of the above information would be that climate change exists and will have a strong impact on the world for centuries to come.”
4. Across the Board…
My Rating: 5/10
Overview: I would use this phrase in a less formal context such as in a creative discussion but would leave it out of a formal third-person essay. To me, the phrase comes across as too colloquial.
Example: “Across the board, there are scientists around the world who consistently provide evidence for human-induced climate change.”
5. Logically…
My Rating: 7/10
Overview: This phrase can be used at the beginning of any paragraph that states out a series of facts that will be backed by clear step-by-step explanations that the reader should be able to follow to a conclusion.
Example: “Logically, the rise of the automobile would speed up economic expansion in the United States. Automobiles allowed goods to flow faster around the economy.
6. After all is Said and Done…
Overview: This is a colloquial term that is more useful in a speech than written text. If you feel that the phrase ‘In conclusion,’ is too basic, then I’d also avoid this term. However, use in speech is common, so if you’re giving a speech, it may be more acceptable.
Example: “After all is said and done, it’s clear that there is more evidence to suggest that climate change is real than a hoax.”
7. All in All…
Overview: ‘All in all’ is a colloquial term that I would use in speech but not in formal academic writing. Colloquialisms can show that you have poor command of the English language. However, I would consider using this phrase in the conclusion of a debate.
Example: “All in all, our debate team has shown that there is insurmountable evidence that our side of the argument is correct.”
8. All Things Considered…
My Rating: 6/10
Overview: This term is a good way of saying ‘I have considered everything above and now my conclusion is..’ However, it is another term that’s more commonly used in speech than writing. Use it in a high school debate, but when it comes to a formal essay, I would leave it out.
Example: “All things considered, there’s no doubt in my mind that climate change is man-made.”
9. As a Final Note…
My Rating: 3/10
Overview: This phrase gives me the impression that the student doesn’t understand the point of a conclusion. It’s not to simply make a ‘final note’, but to summarize and reiterate. So, I would personally avoid this one.
Example: “As a final note, I would say that I do think the automobile was one of the greatest inventions of the 20 th Century.”
10. As Already Stated…
My Rating: 2/10
Overview: I don’t like this phrase. It gives teachers the impression that you’re going around in circles and haven’t organized your essay properly. I would particularly avoid it in the body of an essay because I always think: “If you already stated it, why are you stating it again?” Of course, the conclusion does re-state things, but it also adds value because it also summarizes them. So, add value by using a phrase such as ‘summarizing’ or ‘weighing up’ in your conclusion instead.
Example: “As already stated, I’m going to repeat myself and annoy my teacher.”
11. At present, the Best Evidence Suggests…
My Rating: 8/10
Overview: In essays where the evidence may change in the future. Most fields of study do involve some evolution over time, so this phrase acknowledges that “right now” the best evidence is one thing, but it may change in the future. It also shows that you’ve looked at the latest information on the topic.
Example: “At present, the best evidence suggests that carbon dioxide emissions from power plants is the greatest influence on climate change.”
12. At the Core of the Issue…
Overview: I personally find this phrase to be useful for most essays. It highlights that you are able to identify the most important or central point from everything you have examined. It is slightly less formal than some other phrases on this list, but I also wouldn’t consider it too colloquial for an undergraduate essay.
Example: “At the core of the issue in this essay is the fact scientists have been unable to convince the broader public of the importance of action on climate change.”
13. Despite the shortcomings of…
Overview: This phrase can be useful in an argumentative essay. It shows that there are some limitations to your argument, but , on balance you still think your position is the best. This will allow you to show critical insight and knowledge while coming to your conclusion.
Often, my students make the mistake of thinking they can only take one side in an argumentative essay. On the contrary, you should be able to highlight the limitations of your point-of-view while also stating that it’s the best.
Example: “Despite the shortcomings of globalization, this essay has found that on balance it has been good for many areas in both the developed and developing world.”
14. Finally…
My Rating: 4/10
Overview: While the phrase ‘Finally,’ does indicate that you’re coming to the end of your discussion, it is usually used at the end of a list of ideas rather than in a conclusion. It also implies that you’re adding a point rather that summing up previous points you have made.
Example: “Finally, this essay has highlighted the importance of communication between policy makers and practitioners in order to ensure good policy is put into effect.”
15. Gathering the above points together…
Overview: While this is not a phrase I personally use very often, I do believe it has the effect of indicating that you are “summing up”, which is what you want out of a conclusion.
Example: “Gathering the above points together, it is clear that the weight of evidence highlights the importance of action on climate change.”
16. Given the above information…
Overview: This phrase shows that you are considering the information in the body of the piece when coming to your conclusion. Therefore, I believe it is appropriate for starting a conclusion.
Example: “Given the above information, it is reasonable to conclude that the World Health Organization is an appropriate vehicle for achieving improved health outcomes in the developing world.”
17. In a nutshell…
Overview: This phrase means to say everything in the fewest possible words. However, it is a colloquial phrase that is best used in speech rather than formal academic writing.
Example: “In a nutshell, there are valid arguments on both sides of the debate about socialism vs capitalism.”
18. In closing…
Overview: This phrase is an appropriate synonym for ‘In conclusion’ and I would be perfectly fine with a student using this phrase in their essay. Make sure you follow-up by explaining your position based upon the weight of evidence presented in the body of your piece
Example: “In closing, there is ample evidence to suggest that liberalism has been the greatest force for progress in the past 100 years.”
19. In essence…
Overview: While the phrase ‘In essence’ does suggest you are about to sum up the core findings of your discussion, it is somewhat colloquial and is best left for speech rather than formal academic writing.
Example: “In essence, this essay has shown that cattle farming is an industry that should be protected as an essential service for our country.”
20. In review…
Overview: We usually review someone else’s work, not our own. For example, you could review a book that you read or a film you watched. So, writing “In review” as a replacement for “In conclusion” comes across a little awkward.
Example: “In review, the above information has made a compelling case for compulsory military service in the United States.”
21. In short…
Overview: Personally, I find that this phrase is used more regularly by undergraduate student. As students get more confident with their writing, they tend to use higher-rated phrases from this list. Nevertheless, I would not take grades away from a student for using this phrase.
Example: “In short, this essay has shown the importance of sustainable agriculture for securing a healthy future for our nation.”
22. In Sum…
Overview: Short for “In summary”, the phrase “In sum” sufficiently shows that you are not coming to the moment where you will sum up the essay. It is an appropriate phrase to use instead of “In conclusion”.
But remember to not just summarize but also discuss the implications of your findings in your conclusion.
Example: “In sum, this essay has shown the importance of managers in ensuring efficient operation of medium-to-large enterprises.”
23. In Summary…
Overview: In summary and in sum are the same terms which can be supplemented for “In conclusion”. You will show that you are about to summarize the points you said in the body of the essay, which is what you want from an essay.
Example: “In summary, reflection is a very important metacognitive skill that all teachers need to master in order to improve their pedagogical skills.”
24. It cannot be conclusively stated that…
Overview: While this phrase is not always be a good fit for your essay, when it is, it does show knowledge and skill in writing. You would use this phrase if you are writing an expository essay where you have decided that there is not enough evidence currently to make a firm conclusion on the issue.
Example: “It cannot be conclusively stated that the Big Bang was when the universe began. However, it is the best theory so far, and none of the other theories explored in this essay have as much evidence behind them.”
25. It is apparent that…
Overview: The term ‘ apparent ’ means that something is ‘clear’ or even ‘obvious’. So, you would use this word in an argumentative essay where you think you have put forward a very compelling argument.
Example: “It is apparent that current migration patterns in the Americas are unsustainable and causing significant harm to the most vulnerable people in our society.”
26. Last but not least…
Overview: The phrase “last but not least” is a colloquial idiom that is best used in speech rather than formal academic writing. Furthermore, when you are saying ‘last’, you mean to say you’re making your last point rather than summing up all your points you already made. So, I’d avoid this one.
Example: “Last but not least, this essay has highlighted the importance of empowering patients to exercise choice over their own medical decisions.”
27. Overall…
My Rating: 7.5/10
Overview: This phrase means ‘taking everything into account’, which sounds a lot like what you would want to do in an essay. I don’t consider it to be a top-tier choice (which is why I rated it 7), but in my opinion it is perfectly acceptable to use in an undergraduate essay.
Example: “Overall, religious liberty continues to be threatened across the world, and faces significant threats in the 21 st Century.”
28. The above points illustrate…
Overview: This phrase is a good start to a conclusion paragraph that talks about the implications of the points you made in your essay. Follow it up with a statement that defends your thesis you are putting forward in the essay.
Example: “The above points illustrate that art has had an overwhelmingly positive impact on humanity since the renaissance.”
29. The evidence presented in this essay suggests that…
Overview: I like this phrase because it highlights that you are about to gather together the evidence from the body of the essay to put forward a final thesis statement .
Example: “The evidence presented in this essay suggests that the democratic system of government is the best for securing maximum individual liberty for citizens of a nation.”
30. This essay began by stating…
Overview: This phrase is one that I teach in my YouTube mini-course as an effective one to use in an essay conclusion. If you presented an interesting fact in your introduction , you can return to that point from the beginning of the essay to provide nice symmetry in your writing.
Example: “This essay began by stating that corruption has been growing in the Western world. However, the facts collected in the body of the essay show that institutional checks and balances can sufficiently minimize this corruption in the long-term.”
31. This essay has argued…
Overview: This term can be used effectively in an argumentative essay to provide a summary of your key points. Follow it up with an outline of all your key points, and then a sentence about the implications of the points you made. See the example below.
Example: “This essay has argued that standardized tests are damaging for students’ mental health. Tests like the SATs should therefore be replaced by project-based testing in schools.”
32. To close…
Overview: This is a very literal way of saying “In conclusion”. While it’s suitable and serves its purpose, it does come across as being a sophomoric term. Consider using one of the higher-rated phrases in this list.
Example: “To close, this essay has highlighted both the pros and cons of relational dialectics theory and argued that it is not the best communication theory for the 21 st Century.”
33. To Conclude…
Overview: Like ‘to close’ and ‘in summary’, the phrase ‘to conclude’ is very similar to ‘in conclusion’. It can therefore be used as a sufficient replacement for that term. However, as with the above terms, it’s just okay and you could probably find a better phrase to use.
Example: “To conclude, this essay has highlighted that there are multiple models of communication but there is no one perfect theory to explain each situation.”
34. To make a long story short…
My Rating: 1/10
Overview: This is not a good phrase to use in an academic essay. It is a colloquialism. It also implies that you have been rambling in your writing and you could have said everything more efficiently. I would personally not use this phrase.
Example: “To make a long story short, I don’t have very good command of academic language.”
35. To Sum up…
Overview: This phrase is the same as ‘In summary’. It shows that you have made all of your points and now you’re about to bring them all together in a ‘summary’. Just remember in your conclusion that you need to do more than summarize but also talk about the implications of your findings. So you’ll need to go beyond just a summary.
Example: “In summary, there is ample evidence that linear models of communication like Lasswell’s model are not as good at explaining 21 st Century communication as circular models like the Osgood-Schramm model .”
36. Ultimately…
Overview: While this phrase does say that you are coming to a final point – also known as a conclusion – it’s also a very strong statement that might not be best to use in all situations. I usually accept this phrase from my undergraduates, but for my postgraduates I’d probably suggest simply removing it.
Example: “Ultimately, new media has been bad for the world because it has led to the spread of mistruths around the internet.”
37. Undoubtedly…
Overview: If you are using it in a debate or argumentative essay, it can be helpful. However, in a regular academic essay, I would avoid it. We call this a ‘booster’, which is a term that emphasizes certainty. Unfortunately, certainty is a difficult thing to claim, so you’re better off ‘hedging’ with phrases like ‘It appears’ or ‘The best evidence suggests’.
Example: “Undoubtedly, I know everything about this topic and am one hundred percent certain even though I’m just an undergraduate student.”
38. Weighing up the facts, this essay finds…
Overview: This statement highlights that you are looking at all of the facts both for and against your points of view. It shows you’re not just blindly following one argument but being careful about seeing things from many perspectives.
Example: “Weighing up the facts, this essay finds that reading books is important for developing critical thinking skills in childhood.”
39. With that said…
Overview: This is another phrase that I would avoid. This is a colloquialism that’s best used in speech rather than writing. It is another term that feels sophomoric and is best to avoid. Instead, use a more formal term such as: ‘Weighing up the above points, this essay finds…’
Example: “With that said, this essay disagrees with the statement that you need to go to college to get a good job.”
Do you Need to Say Anything?
Something I often tell my students is: “Can you just remove that phrase?”
Consider this sentence:
- “In conclusion, the majority of scientists concur that climate change exists.”
Would it be possible to simply say:
- “ In conclusion, The majority of scientists concur that climate change exists.”
So, I’d recommend also just considering removing that phrase altogether! Sometimes the best writing is the shortest, simplest writing that gets to the point without any redundant language at all.
How to Write an Effective Conclusion
Before I go, I’d like to bring your attention to my video on ‘how to write an effective conclusion’. I think it would really help you out given that you’re looking for help on how to write a conclusion. It’s under 5 minutes long and has helped literally thousands of students write better conclusions for their essays:
You can also check out these conclusion examples for some copy-and-paste conclusions for your own essay.
In Conclusion…
Well, I had to begin this conclusion with ‘In conclusion…’ I liked the irony in it, and I couldn’t pass up that chance.
Overall, don’t forget that concluding an essay is a way to powerfully summarize what you’ve had to say and leave the reader with a strong impression that you’ve become an authority on the topic you’re researching.
So, whether you write it as a conclusion, summary, or any other synonym for conclusion, those other ways to say in conclusion are less important than making sure that the message in your conclusion is incredibly strong.
- Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd-2/ 10 Reasons you’re Perpetually Single
- Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd-2/ 20 Montessori Toddler Bedrooms (Design Inspiration)
- Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd-2/ 21 Montessori Homeschool Setups
- Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd-2/ 101 Hidden Talents Examples
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Essay Curve
How to Conclude an Essay – 6 Tips for The Perfect Finish
How to Conclude an Essay? Crafting a compelling conclusion is the final touch in the intricate art of essay writing. As writers, we often devote significant attention to captivating introductions and meaty body paragraphs, but the conclusion holds equal importance. It’s the last opportunity to leave a lasting impression on your reader and reinforce the significance of your argument or narrative.
In this guide, we’ll explain the strategies and techniques for crafting a powerful essay conclusion. From summarizing key points to leaving a thought-provoking insight, we’ll explore how to wrap up your essay with finesse and impact. Join us as we unlock the secrets of effective essay conclusions and elevate your writing to new heights.
Table of Contents
How to Conclude an Essay – Leaving a Lasting Impression
Leaving a lasting impression in an essay is vital for ensuring that your message resonates with your audience long after they’ve finished reading. Here are some simple tips and examples to help you achieve this:
- Craft a Strong Thesis Statement: Your thesis statement should clearly convey the main argument or purpose of your essay, setting the stage for a memorable conclusion.
- Summarize Key Points: Recap the main points or arguments discussed in your essay, highlighting their significance and relevance to your thesis.
- Reiterate Your Thesis: Restate your thesis statement in a concise manner, reminding the reader of the central message you’ve conveyed throughout the essay.
- Provide a Final Insight: Offer a thought-provoking insight or reflection that ties together the themes and ideas explored in your essay.
- End with Impact: Close your essay with a powerful statement, question, or call to action that leaves a lasting impression on the reader.
Example: “In conclusion, the importance of preserving our environment cannot be overstated. By taking small, individual actions and advocating for systemic change, we can create a more sustainable and equitable future for generations to come. As stewards of the planet, it is our responsibility to protect and preserve the natural world for future generations.”
Understanding the Purpose of the Conclusion
Before delving into the specifics of how to conclude an essay, it’s essential to understand the purpose of this critical section. The conclusion serves several key functions, including:
- Summarizing Key Points: It provides a concise recap of the main arguments or points discussed in the essay, reinforcing their significance.
- Reiterating the Thesis: It restates the thesis statement, reminding the reader of the central argument or purpose of the essay.
- Providing Closure: It offers a sense of closure by bringing the essay to a satisfying conclusion and tying up any loose ends.
- Leaving a Lasting Impression: It leaves the reader with a final thought, insight, or call to action that resonates beyond the confines of the essay.
Strategies for Crafting an Effective Conclusion
Now that we understand the importance of the conclusion, let’s explore some strategies for crafting one that leaves a lasting impact:
1. Summarize Key Points:
Begin by summarizing the main points or arguments presented in the essay. Keep this summary brief and focused, highlighting the most significant aspects of your discussion.
2. Restate the Thesis:
Next, reiterate the thesis statement in a clear and concise manner. Emphasize the central argument or purpose of the essay, reminding the reader of its importance.
3. Provide a Final Insight or Thought:
Offer a final insight, reflection, or thought that ties together the themes and ideas explored in the essay. This can be a thought-provoking observation, a call to action, or a suggestion for further exploration.
4. Avoid Introducing New Information:
Ensure that the conclusion does not introduce any new information or arguments that have not been previously discussed in the essay. The conclusion should focus on reinforcing existing ideas rather than presenting new ones.
5. End with Impact:
End the conclusion with a strong and memorable statement that resonates with the reader. This could be a powerful quote, a thought-provoking question, or a poignant reflection that leaves a lasting impression.
Examples of Effective Essay Conclusions
To illustrate these strategies in action, let’s consider some examples of effective essay conclusions:
“In conclusion, while the road to success may be long and challenging, it is paved with determination, resilience, and a willingness to learn from failure. As we embark on our own journeys, let us remember that success is not defined by our achievements, but by our ability to overcome obstacles and pursue our dreams with unwavering passion.”
“In summary, the importance of environmental conservation cannot be overstated. By taking small, individual actions and advocating for systemic change, we can create a more sustainable and equitable future for generations to come. As stewards of the planet, it is our responsibility to protect and preserve the natural world for future generations.”
Final Thoughts in an Essay
In any essay, the final thoughts serve as the culmination of the writer’s ideas and arguments , leaving a lasting impression on the reader. This concluding section offers an opportunity to reflect on the significance of the topic, provide closure, and reinforce the central message of the essay.
Whether summarizing key points, offering a thought-provoking insight, or suggesting avenues for further exploration, the final thoughts encapsulate the essence of the essay and leave the reader with a sense of completeness.
By crafting compelling final thoughts, writers can ensure that their essays resonate with readers long after they have finished reading, leaving a lasting impact and prompting further reflection.
Writing a Conclusion Paragraph
Writing a conclusion paragraph is the final opportunity for writers to leave a lasting impression on their readers. This crucial section serves to summarize the main points discussed in the essay, reiterate the thesis statement, and provide closure.
A well-crafted conclusion ties together the various threads of the essay’s argument or narrative, offering a sense of resolution and completeness. It may also include a final thought, reflection, or call to action that leaves the reader with something to ponder.
By carefully considering the content and tone of the conclusion paragraph, writers can ensure that their essays end on a strong note, leaving a memorable impact on their audience.
Why is the conclusion important in an essay?
The conclusion serves as the final opportunity to leave a lasting impression on the reader and reinforce the significance of the essay’s main points.
What should I include in the conclusion of an essay?
The conclusion should summarize the main points, restate the thesis statement, provide a final insight or thought, and leave the reader with a sense of closure.
How long should the conclusion be?
The length of the conclusion will vary depending on the length and complexity of the essay, but it is typically one to two paragraphs in length.
Should I introduce new information in the conclusion?
No, the conclusion should not introduce new information or arguments that have not been previously discussed in the essay. Instead, it should focus on reinforcing existing ideas.
How can I make my conclusion impactful?
You can make your conclusion impactful by summarizing key points, restating the thesis, providing a thought-provoking insight or reflection, and ending with a strong statement that resonates with the reader.
Can I use quotations in the conclusion?
Yes, you can use quotations in the conclusion to emphasize key points or provide additional insight. Just be sure to properly cite the source of the quotation.
What is the difference between a summary and a conclusion?
A summary provides a brief overview of the main points discussed in the essay, while a conclusion offers a final reflection or insight that ties everything together and leaves the reader with a sense of closure.
Should I rephrase my thesis statement in the conclusion?
Yes, rephrasing the thesis statement in the conclusion helps to remind the reader of the central argument or purpose of the essay and reinforces its significance.
How can I leave a lasting impression with my conclusion?
You can leave a lasting impression with your conclusion by ending with a strong statement, leaving the reader with something to think about, or providing a call to action that encourages further reflection or action.
Conclusion: Crafting a Compelling Essay Conclusion
In conclusion, mastering the art of essay endings is essential for any writer seeking to leave a lasting impression on their audience. By summarizing key points, restating the thesis, providing a final insight, and ending with impact, you can craft a conclusion that resonates with your reader and elevates your writing to new heights. Remember, the conclusion is your last opportunity to leave a lasting impression, so make it count.
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