cbse class 12 entrepreneurship project on business plan

Entrepreneurship Project Topic For Class 12 CBSE

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ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROJECT CBSE BY AZZAM

Description: @azzamtora'> this is my project. 5 days on computer paid it off. @azzamtora, read the text version.

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2019-2020 ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROJECT MARKET SURVEY BUSINESS PLAN AZZAM ABDUL KHALIQ XII COMMERCE 16886 6 Mr. Aqeel Ahmed 20 Jan 2020 AL MAWARID INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA This is to certify that this project is bonafide work of Mr. ………………………………………… of Class XII COMMERCE of Al Mawarid International School Jeddah, under my supervision. I also certify that he carried out the work with utmost sincerity and skill. As per CBSE guidelines for the fulfillment of the requirement leading to the successful completion of the course. Name & Signature Signature of Supervisor of Principal Name & Signature of External Examiner I would like to extend my sincere and heartfelt gratitude to my Entrepreneurship Teacher Mr.Aqeel Ahmed who has helped me in this endeavor and has always been very cooperative and without his help, cooperation, guidance and encouragement, the project couldn’t have been completed. I extend my heartfelt thanks to my faculty for their guidance and constant supervision, as well as, for providing me the necessary information regarding the project. I’m also thankful to my Parents for their cooperation and encouragement. At last but not the least, gratitude to all my friends who have helped me directly and indirectly to complete this project within a limited time frame. AZZAM ABDUL KHALIQ TORABUDS Purpose: To collect primary data for the preparation of Class 12 Entrepreneurship Market Survey Report, the product being researched is ‘Wireless Headphones’. The idea is to get the reviews of public about the new innovative headphones. General Instructions: 1. Filling personal details is optional. 2. All the questions are compulsory. 3. Only one alternative option to be chosen. 4. Answer by ticking off the most appropriate choice. NAME: PERSONAL DETAILS OCCUPATION: AGE: GENDER: Q1. How many pairs of Headphones do you own? One( ) Two( ) More than 2( ) Q2. What type of Headphones do you own? Wireless Headphone( ) Wired Headphone( ) Q3. Which brand of Headphones do you own? Apple( ) Xiaomi( ) Beats( ) Huawei( ) Q4. When do you use your Headphones the most? Exercising( ) Travelling( ) Studying( ) Q5. Would you consider purchasing a pair of Wireless Headphones? Yes, Definitely( ) No, Never( ) Maybe( ) Q6. What do you use your Headphones for? Gaming Time( ) Listen Music( ) Watch Movies( ) Q7. How much would you be willing to pay for a pair of Wireless Headphones? Less than $50( ) Around $100( ) More than $250( ) Q8. What do you consider when buying a pair of Headphones? Appearance( ) Price( ) Comfortability( ) Materialistic( ) Safety( ) New Features( ) We really appreciate your time and effort! Thank You❤️ Q1. How many pairs of Headphones do you own? No. of Headphones 14 13 12 10 10 87 6 4 2 0 Two More than 2 One Headphones Q2. What type of Headphones do you own? Types of Headphones 25 20 20 15 10 10 5 0 Wired Headphones Wireless Headphones Headphones Q3. Which brand of Headphones do you own? 14 Brands of Headphones 12 12 10 7 8 XIAOMI BEATS 3 8 HUAWEI 6 4 2 0 APPLE Headphones Q4. When do you use your Headphones the most? Places of using Headphones 14 13 12 10 10 87 6 4 2 0 Travelling Studying Exercising Headphones Q5. Would you consider purchasing a pair of Wireless Headphones? Favouring Wireless Headphones 18 17 16 14 12 10 8 8 65 4 2 0 No, Never Maybe Yes, Definitely Headphones Q6. What do you use your Headphones for? Purpose of using Headphones 14 13 12 10 10 87 6 4 2 0 Listen Music Watch Movies Gaming Time Headphones Q7. How much would you be willing to pay for a pair of Wireless Headphones? Budget for Wireless Headphones 16 15 14 12 10 10 8 65 4 2 0 Around $100 More than $250 Less than $50 Headphones Q8. What do you consider when buying a pair of Headphones? Consideration for buying Headphones 8 7 7 7 6 5 5 44 4 3 3 2 1 0 Price Comfortability Materialistic Safety New Features Appearance Headphones Market Survey Evaluation Proforma Student’s Name: …………………………………….. Roll Number:- …………………………………….. Class:- …………………………………….. Section:- …………………………………….. Teacher’s Assessment Basis Max Marks Marks Obtained 1. Initiative, cooperativeness and participation 2 …………. 2. Creativity in presentation 2 …………. 3. Content, observation and research work 3 …………. 4. Analysis of situations 3 .………… OVERALL REMARKS: Certified that this Project is a bonafide work of Mr. …………………… of class 12th Commerce of AL MAWARID INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL JEDDAH, under my supervision. I also certify that he carried out the work with utmost sincerity and skill. As per CBSE Guidelines for the fulfillment of the requirement leading to the successful completion of the course. ……………………………….. School Stamp .......…………………...….…. Internal Teacher’s External Teacher’s Signature Signature S.NO PARTICULARS UNITS Business Plan Evaluation Proforma Student’s Name: …………………………………….. Roll Number:- …………………………………….. Class:- …………………………………….. Section:- …………………………………….. Teacher’s Assessment Basis Max Marks Marks Obtained 1. Product selection and details 1 …………. 2. Profit and loss statement 2 …………. 3. Fixed and variable cost details 2 …………. 4. Start up cost calculation 2 .………… 5. Computation of Break Even Point 3 …………. OVERALL REMARKS: Certified that this Project is a bonafide work of Mr. …………………… of class 12th Commerce of AL MAWARID INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL JEDDAH, under my supervision. I also certify that he carried out the work with utmost sincerity and skill. As per CBSE Guidelines for the fulfillment of the requirement leading to the successful completion of the course. ……………………………….. School Stamp .......…………………...….…. Internal Teacher’s External Teacher’s Signature Signature

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CBSE Class 12 Entrepreneurship Syllabus 2023-24

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CBSE Class 12 Entrepreneurship Syllabus 2023-24 includes Entrepreneurial Opportunity, Entrepreneurial Planning, Enterprise Marketing, Enterprise Growth Strategies, Business Arithmetic, Resource Mobilization etc for the session 2023 – 2024. Here is the detailed syllabus. To download class 12 Entrepreneurship CBSE latest sample question papers for the 2024 exams, please install the myCBSEguide App which is the best mobile app for CBSE students. The myCBSEguide app not only provides you the CBSE class 12 Entrepreneurship model question papers but it also provides class 12 Entrepreneurship chapter-wise test papers, class 12 Entrepreneurship best revision notes and other study material for class 12 Entrepreneurship students.

CBSE Class 12 Entrepreneurship (Code No. 066) Syllabus (2023-24)

COURSE STRUCTURE Theory Paper

Times: 3 Hrs Marks: 70

CBSE Class 12 Entrepreneurship Syllabus


1	Entrepreneurial Opportunity	40	30
2	Entrepreneurial Planning	40	30
3	Enterprise Marketing	40	20
4	Enterprise Growth Strategies	20	20
5	Business Arithmetic	40	20
6	Resource Mobilization	20	20

		40	30

COURSE CONTENT

Unit 1: Entrepreneurial Opportunity 40 Periods

Competencies: Scanning the environment; Analytical and logical thinking; Innovation and creativity; Decision making; self-confidence. Contents

Sensing Entrepreneurial Opportunities
Environment Scanning
Problem Identification
Idea fields
Spotting Trends
Creativity and Innovation
Selecting the Right Opportunity

Unit 2: Entrepreneur Planning 40 Periods

Competencies: Analytical and critical thinking; personal responsibility; determination; Resourceful; collaboration Contents

Forms of business organization- Sole proprietorship, Partnership, Company
Business Plan: concept, format.
Components: Organisational plan; Operational plan; Production plan; Financial plan; Marketing plan; Human Resource planning

Unit 3: Enterprise Marketing 40 Periods

Competencies: Persistence, Negotiation, Collaboration, Ethical behavior, team spirit; Contents

Marketing and Sales Strategy
Branding, Logo, Tagline
Promotion Strategy

Unit 4: Enterprise Growth Strategies 20 Periods

Competencies: Need for achievement, Initiative, Analytical thinking, risk vs reward, collaboration, synergy, leadership, Contents

Franchising: Concept and types
Franchising: Advantages and limitations to franchisor and franchisee.
Mergers and Acquisition: Concept, reasons and types.
Reasons for mergers and acquisitions

Unit 5: Business Arithmetic 40 Periods

Competencies: Arithmetic skills, critical analysis, decision making, self-confidence, problem solving. Contents

Unit of Sale, Unit Cost for multiple products or services
Break even Analysis for multiple products or services
Computation of Working Capital
Inventory Control and EOQ
Return on Investment (ROI) and Return on Equity (ROE)

Unit 6: Resource Mobilization 20 Periods

Competencies: Risk taking, Communication, Persuasion, Networking, Ethical behavior Contents

Capital Market: Concept
Primary market: Concept, methods of issue
Angel Investor: Features
Venture Capital: Features, funding.

CBSE Class 12 Entrepreneurship Syllabus Project Work

Students have to do TWO projects in the entire academic session. TOPICS FOR THE PROJECT:

Business Plan
Market Survey
10 Marks each for 02 Projects
5 Marks for Numerical Assessment
5 Marks for Viva

CBSE Class 12 Entrepreneurship Syllabus Prescribed Books

Entrepreneurship – Class XII – C.B.S.E., Delhi
Udyamita (in Hindi) by Dr. MMP. Akhouri and S.P Mishra, pub. By National Institute for Entrepreneurship and Small Business Development (NIESBUD), NSIC-PATC Campus, Okhla
Udyamita Samachar Patra (Monthly, Hindi), Pub. By Centre for Entrepreneurship Development, M.P. (CEDMAP), 60 Jail Road, Jhangerbad, Bhopal-462008.
Science Tec. Entrepreneur (A Bi Monthly Publication), Centre for Entrepreneurship Development, M.P (CEDMAP), 60 Jail Road, Jhangerbad, Bhopal-462008
Laghu Udhyog Samachar
Project Profile by DCSSI

ENTREPRENEURSHIP QUESTION PAPER DESIGN

CLASS XII (2023-24)


1.	Exhibit memory of previously learned material by recalling facts, listing elements, terms and basic concepts	20	28.5%
1.	Demonstrate understanding of facts and ideas by organizing, comparing, translating, interpreting, giving descriptions, and stating main ideas	20	28.5%
2.	Solve problems to new situations by applying acquired knowledge, facts, techniques and rules in different ways.	30	43%
3.	Examine and break information into parts by identifying motives or causes. Make inferences and find evidence to support generalizations, integrated learning; Present and defend opinions by making judgments about information, validity of ideas, or quality of work based on a set of criteria.	20	28.5%
3.	Compile information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions	20	28.5%

CBSE Sample Paper 2023-24

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NCERT Solutions for Class 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12

Entrepreneurial Planning – CBSE Notes for Class 12 Entrepreneurship

January 17, 2024 by Sastry CBSE

1. Entrepreneurial activities are of three major categories: Manufacturing, trading and service providing. 2. Business is ‘A state of being busy or occupied’. 3. Activities undertaken to earn monetary benefits are called economic activities. 4. Activities done out of love and affection and not to earn monetary benefits are called non¬economic activities. 5. There are three main forms of enterprises: Public Sector, Private Sector, Joint Sector, etc. 6. Partnership: Two heads being better than one. 7. The Business Plan is a comprehensively written down document prepared by the entrepreneurship. 8. Business plane is sub-plans from diverse avenues of business, related to: — Marketing — Finance — Operations — Human — Legal 9. Business plan is prepared by an entrepreneur with the assistance of experts & professionals from diversified fields. 10. Four C’s of credit are: Character, Cash Flow, Collateral and Contribution (equity) 11. Depending upon the entrepreneurs experience, knowledge and purpose, following are the basic components/parts of a Business Plan. — Executive summary — Industrial analysis — Description of venture — Production plan — Operation plan — Organisational plan — Financial plan — Marketing plan — Manpower plan 12. Executive summary highlights in a concrete and convincing manner, the key provisions in the Business Plan, yet stimulating the potential investors that the entire plan is worth reading. 13. Objective of production plan is to plan the work in a manner that each step to be taken in the right place, right degree, right time and efficiently. 14. Operations plan is the soul of business plan. 15. Organizational plan is that part of business plan which describes to proposed venture’s form of ownership. 16. Financial plan is a projection of the financial data about the potential investment commitment needed for the new venture and economic feasibility of the enterprise. 17. In order to build up loyal, efficient and dedicated personal, entrepreneurs needs to pay adequate and proper attention to human resource planning. 18. Marketing plan is a guideline regarding the marketing objectives, strategies and activities to be followed by any enterprise. 19. Formalities for starting a business: — Obtain PAN Number from Income Tax Department — Open a Current Account — Register a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) — Register Your Company (Pvt. Ltd/Public Limited Company) — Register For Service Tax — Register for VAT/Sales Tax — Excise Duty (Check Applicability) — Shop & Establishment Act — Customs Duty — File Entrepreneurship Memorandum at DIC (Optional) — Apply for TAN — Find State Specific Guidelines & Procedures — Permissions Required at the Construction Stage Employee’s Provident Fund — Employees State Insurance (ESI) Scheme

Words That Matter 1. Business: Business is ‘a state of being busy or occupied’. 2. Economic activities: Activities undertaken to earn monetary benefits are called economic activities. 3. Non-economic activities: Activities done out of love and affection and not to earn monetary benefits are called non-economic activities. 4. Organisational Plan: Organizational plan is that part of business plan that describes to proposed venture’s form of ownership. 5. Financial Plan: Financial plan is a projection of the financial data about the potential investment. 6. Marketing plan: Marketing plan is a guideline regarding the marketing objectives, strategies & activities to be followed by any enterprise. 7. Proforma income statement: Proforma income statement is a projected net profit calculated from estimated revenue minus projected costs and expense. 8. Break even analysis: The Break even analysis is a process of determining a point where firm neither makes profit nor a loss. 9. Target market: Target market refers to the specific group of potential customers whose needs the enterprise aims to fulfil. 10. TAN: TAN or Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number is a 10 digit alpha numeric number required to be obtained by all persons who are responsible for deducting or collecting tax. 11. Elevator pitch: Elevator pitch is a three minute summary of the business plan’s executive summary. 12. Production Plan: Production plan is the planning of industrial operations involves four considerations, namely, what work shall be done, how the work shall be done and lastly, when and by whom the work shall be done. 13. PAN: Permanent Account Number (PAN) is a ten-digit alphanumeric number, issued by the Income Tax Department.

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CBSE Class 12 Entrepreneurship Syllabus 2024-25 (PDF Download)

Cbse class 12 entrepreneurship syllabus 2024-25, course structure theory paper.

Time: 3 hours Maximum marks: 70

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Unit 1	Entrepreneurial Opportunity	40	30
Unit 2	Entrepreneurial Planning	40	30
Unit 3	Enterprise Marketing	40	20
Unit 4	Enterprise Growth Strategies	20	20
Unit 5	Business Arithmetic	40	20
Unit 6	Resource Mobilization	20	20

		40	30

COURSE CONTENT




· Sensing Entrepreneurial Opportunities · Environment Scanning · Problem Identification · Idea fields · Spotting Trends · Creativity and Innovation · Selecting the Right Opportunity	After going through this unit, the student/ learner would be able to: · Comprehend the concept and elements of business opportunity · Discuss the process of sensing opportunities · Understand the need to scan the environment ·Enlist the various forces affecting business environment · Identify the different idea field

	· Understand the concept of opportunity and market assessment · Appreciate the ways in which trends can be spotted · Understand the process of creativity and innovation · Transform ideas into business opportunities



· Forms of business organization- Sole proprietorship, Partnership, Company	After going through this unit, the student/ learner would be able to: · Recall the meaning of the various forms of business organization · Understand the characteristics of the various forms of business organization · Understand the difference between a Public and Private Company · Appreciate the reasons for a private company being more desirable · Appreciate the concept and importance of a Business Plan · Describe the various components of Business plan · Differentiate among the various components of Business plan · Develop a Business Plan
· Business Plan: concept, format.
· Components:
Organisational plan;
Operational plan;
Production plan;
Financial plan;
Marketing plan;
Human Resource plan

· Marketing and Sales Strategy · Branding, Logo, Tagline ·Promotion Strategy	After going through this unit, the student/ learner would be able to: · Discuss the various marketing strategies used in a business · Explain Marketing Mix. · Understand the concept of Branding, Packaging and Labeling · Describe the various methods of Pricing · Discuss the various factors affecting the channels of distribution · Understand the concept and types of sales strategy · Discuss different tools of promotion · Appreciate the objectives and different modes of Advertising · Understand the concept of personal selling, sales promotion, public relations · Discuss the various techniques of sales promotion



· Franchising: Concept and types · Franchising: Advantages and limitations to franchisor and franchisee. · Mergers and Acquisition: Concept, reasons and types. · Reasons for mergers and acquisitions	After going through this unit, the student/ learner would be able to: · Understand the concept of growth & development of an enterprise · Discuss the concept, types, advantages and limitations of franchising · Appreciate growth of business through mergers and acquisitions · Discuss the different types of mergers and acquisitions · Discuss the reasons for mergers and acquisitions

· Unit of Sale, Unit Cost for multiple products or services · Break even Analysis for multiple products or services · Computation of Working Capital · Inventory Control and EOQ · Return on Investment (ROI) and Return on Equity (ROE)	After going through this unit, the student/ learner would be able to: · Understand the concept of Unit Cost and Unit Price · Calculate Break-even point for Multiple products and services. · Understand the concept of Inventory Control · Compute the working capital of a business. · Calculate Return on Investment; Return on Equity and Economic Order Quantity



· Capital Market: Concept · Primary market: Concept, methods of issue · Angel Investor: Features · Venture Capital: Features, funding.	After going through this unit, the student/ learner would be able to: · Understand the need of finance in Business · Discuss the various sources of funds required for a firm · Understand the ways of raising funds in primary market · Appreciate the Angel Investors and Venture Capitalists as a source of business finance.

PROJECT WORK

Students have to do TWO projects in the entire academic session.

TOPICS FOR THE PROJECT:

Business Plan
Market Survey
10 Marks each for 02 Projects
5 Marks for Numerical Assessment
5 Marks for Viva

Note: Students need to complete both the projects. Guidelines for both projects are given in the CBSE Textbook.

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Complete Syllabus

Entrepreneurship Project for class 12 cbse

Detailed guidelines of Project Work for Entrepreneurship are given at the end of the NCERT Entrepreneurship book.

Below are the Guidelines issued by CBSE for Teacher for Entrepreneurship project of class 12 Introduction: The main objective of the course in Entrepreneurship is to generate in the students initiative, selfreliance and enthusiasm so as to empower them to become entrepreneurs both in spirit and performance. A number of skills such as observation, evaluation, communication, resource mobilization and management, risk assessment ,team building etc. are also to be developed in the students. Leadership qualities, sensitivity to business ethics and adherance to a positive value system are the core issues that the course highlights while presenting different concepts related to entrepreneurship. Such a course should necessarily have a strong experiential component in the form of practical work. The objectives of the practical work are: 1 To introduce the students to the world of business by developing in them the core skills and competencies required for an entrepreneur. 2. To develop in the students qualities such as leadership, self-confidence, initiative, facing uncertainties, commitment, creativity, people and team building, integrity and reliability. 3. To enable the students to acquire the skills and knowledge needed for conducting surveys, collecting, recording and interpreting data and preparing simple estimates of demand for products and services. 4. To guide the students to prepare a Project Report. 5. To equip the students with knowledge and skills needed to plan and manage an enterprise through case studies conducted and recorded by the students in different fields such as resource assessment, market dynamics, finance management, cost determination, calculation of profit and loss etc.

6. To instill in the students important values and entrepreneurial discipline.

1. Project Report/Survey Report 2. Viva-Voce on PW /SR 3. Case Study 4. Problem Solving

1. Project Report/Market Survey Report

a) Project Report: Preparation of a Project Report for an enterprise involving products/services Students may be provided adequate guidance to choose a project based on their interests and availability of information and authentic inputs in the locality. The specimen proforma of project report given in the textbook may be used for preparing the report. However, mechanical preparation of the report by filling in the information in the proforma should be discouraged. Further, as the students will be required to appear for a Viva-voce on the basis of their projects, sufficient care should be taken by the students to prepare the report after studying the various aspects involved thoroughly. In a nutshell, the project report should lead to viable enterprise.

b) Market Survey Report Market research is the process and technique of finding out who your potential customers areand what they want. The survey may be on products and services already available in the market or students may also conduct surveys for new products and services. The report of the survey should be organised under the following broad headings: 1. Objectives. 2. Methods and tools (interviews ,questionnaires etc.) to be used to collect information. 3. Records of data and information. 4. Analysis of data and information. 5. Interpretation and conclusion. For example, a survey may be conducted to find out the choice of households in toiletry soap,tooth paste etc. The data may be analysed to establish a pattern that may be useful to an entrepreneur.

Guidelines for assessment of Project Report / Survey Report 1. Presentation: Format, Clarity, Use of graphs, tables and other visuals, organisation, methodical recording of data and information and general neatness of execution. 2. Originality and Creativity 3. Authenticity of information and correctness of calculations and general feasibility of the project/ sustainability of conclusion drawn in the survey.

2. Viva Voce on the Project /Market Survey Report The questions should establish that the report is the original work of the student and that the student has a reasonably clear understanding of the work carried out by him/her. Entrepreneurial qualities such as leadership, self-belief, creativity, originality, initiative etc. may also be assessed by asking a variety of questions related to the report.

3. Case Study A case study is a focused research on an organisation, enterprise, practice, behaviour or person undertaken to highlight an aspect that the study attempts to examine. For instance, a case study may be conducted on the pollution control methods being employed by an industry. Or a successful industrialist may be chosen as a subject of a case study to analyze and understand the strategies that the industrialist adopted :to achieve success.

Ideally, a case study should be conducted on subjects with the objectives of bringing to the fore beliefs, practices, strategies, values etc. that have made them what they are. Such studies help us to understand the way in which great minds think and operate. We may also conduct case studies on failures; why a company collapsed, how a service lost its market etc. From both the types of case study, we learn lessons; how to do something or how not to do something. They also provide valuable insight into the processes involved in an enterprise.

A few topics are suggested for carrying out case studies: i) Drawing a profile of a successful entrepreneur. ii) Studying a public sector undertaking and highlighting its sucess/failure, by analyzing the factors responsible. iii) Studying a small scale unit in the locality to bring out the procedures and processes adopted by the unit to become a feasible business venture. iv) A study of competition in business by choosing two or more rivals in the market and analyzing their strengths and weaknesses. v) Take the school itself for a case study and analyze any two aspects of the school plant for chalking out a plan of action: infrastructure, academics, co-curricular activities etc. vi) A case study on a thriving fast food shop/restaurant in your locality. What makes it so popular? vii) A case study on the ways in which a business unit has mobilised its financial resources. viii) A case study on the enterprise management techniques adopted by a business house. ix) A case study on the marketing strategies of a sucessful consumer durable company. x) A case study on the financial management of a Public Limited Company. xi) A case study on any Specialized Institution that supports and guides the establishment of a small scale unit. xii)Studying the balance sheets of two big private companies to assess their trade and credit worthiness. xiii) Studying the inventory management of a large manufacturing industry to ascertain the processes involved for optimizing cost. xiv) Carrying out a case study on an established industrial house/company to find out the value system of the company and how it fulfils its social commitment/obligations. xv) Carrying out a case study on an established industry to ascertain the processes followed to reduce/prevent pollution. xvi) Study on enviourment friendly companies and their contribution to preservation.

Assessment of Case Studies i) Presentation: Format, accuracy, clarity, authenticity and general neatness ii) Analysis and Conclusions

4. Problem Solving In this session, the students will be requried to solve a problem in the form of a written test. The examiner may choose any problem related to the units in class XII Text Book and set it for the class. The problem may be in the following areas: a. How to scan the environment to establish the feasibility of a project. b. Given certain figures showing the consumption pattern of a product, drawing conclusions that have a bearing on similar products. c. Carrying out market assessment for a given product/service to ascertain the feasibility factor. d. Assessment of Working Capital. e. Calculation of total cost of production. f. Calculation of break-even point. g. Determining location of a manufacturing unit. h. Problems in inventory control (calculation of the Economic Order Quantity and carrying out ABC analysis). i. Applying Pricing methods to determine the price of a product or service. j. Applying promotion mix to plan a sales campaign for a product or service. k. Working out a simple budget for a given task or job.

Assessment of Answers The examiner may prepare five problems which are solved by him/her before they are presented to the students. The student may choose anyone of the problems and solve it, showing the different steps/different reasons involved in the solution. If the problem does not involve actual calculations, it may not have anyone correct answer. So weightage should be given not only to the final answer but to the entire process of problem solving that the student has followed. Originality and innovative spirit should be rewarded. The students should not be penalized for spelling errors, grammatical mistakes etc. as long as the answer is coherent. Where definite formulas are involved, accuracy should be given due weightage.