the homework he was allowed to go out

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when he had finished his homework he could go out (conditional).

• Thread starter heladio3
• Start date Jun 24, 2008

Senior Member

• Jun 24, 2008

Hello everybody. I have this doubt. What kind of conditionals are the following? When I have finished my homework I will be able to go out. He said that when he had finished his homework he could go out. I was thinking the first sentence to be first conditional; present + future. Or am I wrong and those sentences are not conditionals at all? Help,please.  

• Jun 25, 2008

Bueno, no soy experto, pero a mí, la Frase #2 suena muy extraño, no como un inglés natural, y no entiendo exactamente lo que quiere decir. En mi opinión, la primera - también un poco extraño - no es condicional. Quiere decir: Al terminar mi trabajo / mis tareas, voy a poder salir. La frase más natural en inglés sería When I finish my homework, I will be able to go out. Con referencia a "when I have finished" - puede ser correto (no estoy seguro) pero al menos es un poco raro.  

unspecified

Both "when I have finished my homework" and "when he had finished his homework" are indefinite relative clauses (as they're introduced by indefinite relative pronouns) and since these pronouns imply a supposition (i.e. they don't refer to concrete instances) they can certainly be considered "conditional" in nature. I'll tell him when I finish . ( indefinite relative clause ) I told him when I had finished . ( definite relative clause ) I agree that the first sentence is a first (i.e. real) conditional, and I don't notice any errors in it (besides a missing comma). You could use "can" instead of "will be able to" without changing the meaning if you wanted to. Otherwise, as jbruceismay mentioned, you could also use "When I finish" instead of "When I have finished"; both are correct, but in some context may mean slightly different things (though not in this case). If the sentences had "I will go out" as their ordinate clause, there would be a slight difference: When I have finished my homework , I will go out. (Sometime after I finish my work, I will go out.) When I finish my homework , I will go out. (Immediately upon finishing my work, I will go out.) The second sentence: He said that when he had finished his homework he could go out. Is also a first conditional (i.e. it's a real condition), but it is also a case of reported speech, so present tense auxiliary verbs (can, will, shall, may, etc.) are changed to their past tenses (could, would, should, might, etc.) for that reason. He said, "When I have finished my homework, I can go out." He said (that), when he had finished his work, he could go out. Second conditionals (unreal, but possible) with conditional relative clauses would be something like: Since the door made so much noise, I would hear when he left . (Since the door made so much noise, I would hear him if he left.) Third conditionals (unreal and impossible) would be something like: I would have told you when I had arrived , but I figured you were sleeping. Well, I hope this is helpful (and not over-complicated). Cheers!  

Thanks a lot...  

The History of Homework: Why Was it Invented and Who Was Behind It?

• By Emily Summers
• February 14, 2020

Homework is long-standing education staple, one that many students hate with a fiery passion. We can’t really blame them, especially if it’s a primary source of stress that can result in headaches, exhaustion, and lack of sleep.

It’s not uncommon for students, parents, and even some teachers to complain about bringing assignments home. Yet, for millions of children around the world, homework is still a huge part of their daily lives as students — even if it continues to be one of their biggest causes of stress and unrest.

It makes one wonder, who in their right mind would invent such a thing as homework?

Who Invented Homework?

Pliny the younger: when in ancient rome, horace mann: the father of modern homework, the history of homework in america, 1900s: anti-homework sentiment & homework bans, 1930: homework as child labor, early-to-mid 20th century: homework and the progressive era, the cold war: homework starts heating up, 1980s: homework in a nation at risk, early 21 st century, state of homework today: why is it being questioned, should students get homework pros of cons of bringing school work home.

Online, there are many articles that point to Roberto Nevilis as the first educator to give his students homework. He created it as a way to punish his lazy students and ensure that they fully learned their lessons. However, these pieces of information mostly come from obscure educational blogs or forum websites with questionable claims. No credible news source or website has ever mentioned the name Roberto Nevilis as the person who invented homework . In fact, it’s possible that Nevilis never even existed.

As we’re not entirely sure who to credit for creating the bane of students’ existence and the reasons why homework was invented, we can use a few historical trivia to help narrow down our search.

Mentions of the term “homework” date back to as early as ancient Rome. In I century AD, Pliny the Younger , an oratory teacher, supposedly invented homework by asking his followers to practice public speaking at home. It was to help them become more confident and fluent in their speeches. But some would argue that the assignment wasn’t exactly the type of written work that students have to do at home nowadays. Only introverted individuals with a fear of public speaking would find it difficult and stressful.

It’s also safe to argue that since homework is an integral part of education, it’s probable that it has existed since the dawn of learning, like a beacon of light to all those helpless and lost (or to cast darkness on those who despise it). This means that Romans, Enlightenment philosophers, and Middle Age monks all read, memorized, and sang pieces well before homework was given any definition. It’s harder to play the blame game this way unless you want to point your finger at Horace Mann.

In the 19 th century, Horace Mann , a politician and educational reformer had a strong interest in the compulsory public education system of Germany as a newly unified nation-state. Pupils attending the Volksschulen or “People’s Schools” were given mandatory assignments that they needed to complete at home during their own time. This requirement emphasized the state’s power over individuals at a time when nationalists such as Johann Gottlieb Fichte were rallying support for a unified German state. Basically, the state used homework as an element of power play.

Despite its political origins, the system of bringing school assignments home spread across Europe and eventually found their way to Horace Mann, who was in Prussia at that time. He brought the system home with him to America where homework became a daily activity in the lives of students.

Despite homework being a near-universal part of the American educational experience today, it hasn’t always been universally accepted. Take a look at its turbulent history in America.

In 1901, just a few decades after Horace Mann introduced the concept to Americans, homework was banned in the Pacific state of California . The ban affected students younger than 15 years old and stayed in effect until 1917.

Around the same time, prominent publications such as The New York Times and Ladies’ Home Journal published statements from medical professionals and parents who stated that homework was detrimental to children’s health.

In 1930, the American Child Health Association declared homework as a type of child labor . Since laws against child labor had been passed recently during that time, the proclamation painted homework as unacceptable educational practice, making everyone wonder why homework was invented in the first place.

However, it’s keen to note that one of the reasons why homework was so frowned upon was because children were needed to help out with household chores (a.k.a. a less intensive and more socially acceptable form of child labor).

During the progressive education reforms of the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries, educators started looking for ways to make homework assignments more personal and relevant to the interests of individual students. Maybe this was how immortal essay topics such as “What I Want to Be When I Grow Up” and “What I Did During My Summer Vacation” were born.

After World War II, the Cold War heated up rivalries between the U.S. and Russia. Sputnik 1’s launch in 1957 intensified the competition between Americans and Russians – including their youth.

Education authorities in the U.S. decided that implementing rigorous homework to American students of all ages was the best way to ensure that they were always one step ahead of their Russian counterparts, especially in the competitive fields of Math and Science.

In 1986, the U.S. Department of Education’s pamphlet, “What Works,” included homework as one of the effective strategies to boost the quality of education. This came three years after the National Commission on Excellence in Education published “ Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform .” The landmark report lambasted the state of America’s schools, calling for reforms to right the alarming direction that public education was headed.

Today, many educators, students, parents, and other concerned citizens have once again started questioning why homework was invented and if it’s still valuable.

Homework now is facing major backlash around the world. With more than 60% of high school and college students seeking counselling for conditions such as clinical depression and anxiety, all of which are brought about by school, it’s safe to say that American students are more stressed out than they should be.

After sitting through hours at school, they leave only to start on a mountain pile of homework. Not only does it take up a large chunk of time that they can otherwise spend on their hobbies and interests, it also stops them from getting enough sleep. This can lead to students experiencing physical health problems, a lack of balance in their lives, and alienation from their peers and society in general.

Is homework important and necessary ? Or is it doing more harm than good? Here some key advantages and disadvantages to consider.

• It encourages the discipline of practice

Using the same formula or memorizing the same information over and over can be difficult and boring, but it reinforces the practice of discipline. To master a skill, repetition is often needed. By completing homework every night, specifically with difficult subjects, the concepts become easier to understand, helping students polish their skills and achieve their life goals.

• It teaches students to manage their time

Homework goes beyond just completing tasks. It encourages children to develop their skills in time management as schedules need to be organized to ensure that all tasks can be completed within the day.

• It provides more time for students to complete their learning process

The time allotted for each subject in school is often limited to 1 hour or less per day. That’s not enough time for students to grasp the material and core concepts of each subject. By creating specific homework assignments, it becomes possible for students to make up for the deficiencies in time.

• It discourages creative endeavors

If a student spends 3-5 hours a day on homework, those are 3-5 hours that they can’t use to pursue creative passions. Students might like to read leisurely or take up new hobbies but homework takes away their time from painting, learning an instrument, or developing new skills.

• Homework is typically geared toward benchmarks

Teachers often assign homework to improve students’ test scores. Although this can result in positive outcomes such as better study habits, the fact is that when students feel tired, they won’t likely absorb as much information. Their stress levels will go up and they’ll feel the curriculum burnout.

• No evidence that homework creates improvements

Research shows that homework doesn’t improve academic performance ; it can even make it worse. Homework creates a negative attitude towards schooling and education, making students dread going to their classes. If they don’t like attending their lessons, they will be unmotivated to listen to the discussions.

With all of the struggles that students face each day due to homework, it’s puzzling to understand why it was even invented. However, whether you think it’s helpful or not, just because the concept has survived for centuries doesn’t mean that it has to stay within the educational system.

Not all students care about the history of homework, but they all do care about the future of their educational pursuits. Maybe one day, homework will be fully removed from the curriculum of schools all over the world but until that day comes, students will have to burn the midnight oil to pass their requirements on time and hopefully achieve their own versions of success.

About the Author

Emily summers.

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Nobody knows what the point of homework is

The homework wars are back.

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As the Covid-19 pandemic began and students logged into their remote classrooms, all work, in effect, became homework. But whether or not students could complete it at home varied. For some, schoolwork became public-library work or McDonald’s-parking-lot work.

Luis Torres, the principal of PS 55, a predominantly low-income community elementary school in the south Bronx, told me that his school secured Chromebooks for students early in the pandemic only to learn that some lived in shelters that blocked wifi for security reasons. Others, who lived in housing projects with poor internet reception, did their schoolwork in laundromats.

According to a 2021 Pew survey , 25 percent of lower-income parents said their children, at some point, were unable to complete their schoolwork because they couldn’t access a computer at home; that number for upper-income parents was 2 percent.

The issues with remote learning in March 2020 were new. But they highlighted a divide that had been there all along in another form: homework. And even long after schools have resumed in-person classes, the pandemic’s effects on homework have lingered.

Over the past three years, in response to concerns about equity, schools across the country, including in Sacramento, Los Angeles , San Diego , and Clark County, Nevada , made permanent changes to their homework policies that restricted how much homework could be given and how it could be graded after in-person learning resumed.

Three years into the pandemic, as districts and teachers reckon with Covid-era overhauls of teaching and learning, schools are still reconsidering the purpose and place of homework. Whether relaxing homework expectations helps level the playing field between students or harms them by decreasing rigor is a divisive issue without conclusive evidence on either side, echoing other debates in education like the elimination of standardized test scores from some colleges’ admissions processes.

I first began to wonder if the homework abolition movement made sense after speaking with teachers in some Massachusetts public schools, who argued that rather than help disadvantaged kids, stringent homework restrictions communicated an attitude of low expectations. One, an English teacher, said she felt the school had “just given up” on trying to get the students to do work; another argued that restrictions that prohibit teachers from assigning take-home work that doesn’t begin in class made it difficult to get through the foreign-language curriculum. Teachers in other districts have raised formal concerns about homework abolition’s ability to close gaps among students rather than widening them.

Many education experts share this view. Harris Cooper, a professor emeritus of psychology at Duke who has studied homework efficacy, likened homework abolition to “playing to the lowest common denominator.”

But as I learned after talking to a variety of stakeholders — from homework researchers to policymakers to parents of schoolchildren — whether to abolish homework probably isn’t the right question. More important is what kind of work students are sent home with and where they can complete it. Chances are, if schools think more deeply about giving constructive work, time spent on homework will come down regardless.

There’s no consensus on whether homework works

The rise of the no-homework movement during the Covid-19 pandemic tapped into long-running disagreements over homework’s impact on students. The purpose and effectiveness of homework have been disputed for well over a century. In 1901, for instance, California banned homework for students up to age 15, and limited it for older students, over concerns that it endangered children’s mental and physical health. The newest iteration of the anti-homework argument contends that the current practice punishes students who lack support and rewards those with more resources, reinforcing the “myth of meritocracy.”

But there is still no research consensus on homework’s effectiveness; no one can seem to agree on what the right metrics are. Much of the debate relies on anecdotes, intuition, or speculation.

Researchers disagree even on how much research exists on the value of homework. Kathleen Budge, the co-author of Turning High-Poverty Schools Into High-Performing Schools and a professor at Boise State, told me that homework “has been greatly researched.” Denise Pope, a Stanford lecturer and leader of the education nonprofit Challenge Success, said, “It’s not a highly researched area because of some of the methodological problems.”

Experts who are more sympathetic to take-home assignments generally support the “10-minute rule,” a framework that estimates the ideal amount of homework on any given night by multiplying the student’s grade by 10 minutes. (A ninth grader, for example, would have about 90 minutes of work a night.) Homework proponents argue that while it is difficult to design randomized control studies to test homework’s effectiveness, the vast majority of existing studies show a strong positive correlation between homework and high academic achievement for middle and high school students. Prominent critics of homework argue that these correlational studies are unreliable and point to studies that suggest a neutral or negative effect on student performance. Both agree there is little to no evidence for homework’s effectiveness at an elementary school level, though proponents often argue that it builds constructive habits for the future.

For anyone who remembers homework assignments from both good and bad teachers, this fundamental disagreement might not be surprising. Some homework is pointless and frustrating to complete. Every week during my senior year of high school, I had to analyze a poem for English and decorate it with images found on Google; my most distinct memory from that class is receiving a demoralizing 25-point deduction because I failed to present my analysis on a poster board. Other assignments really do help students learn: After making an adapted version of Chairman Mao’s Little Red Book for a ninth grade history project, I was inspired to check out from the library and read a biography of the Chinese ruler.

For homework opponents, the first example is more likely to resonate. “We’re all familiar with the negative effects of homework: stress, exhaustion, family conflict, less time for other activities, diminished interest in learning,” Alfie Kohn, author of The Homework Myth, which challenges common justifications for homework, told me in an email. “And these effects may be most pronounced among low-income students.” Kohn believes that schools should make permanent any moratoria implemented during the pandemic, arguing that there are no positives at all to outweigh homework’s downsides. Recent studies , he argues , show the benefits may not even materialize during high school.

In the Marlborough Public Schools, a suburban district 45 minutes west of Boston, school policy committee chair Katherine Hennessy described getting kids to complete their homework during remote education as “a challenge, to say the least.” Teachers found that students who spent all day on their computers didn’t want to spend more time online when the day was over. So, for a few months, the school relaxed the usual practice and teachers slashed the quantity of nightly homework.

Online learning made the preexisting divides between students more apparent, she said. Many students, even during normal circumstances, lacked resources to keep them on track and focused on completing take-home assignments. Though Marlborough Schools is more affluent than PS 55, Hennessy said many students had parents whose work schedules left them unable to provide homework help in the evenings. The experience tracked with a common divide in the country between children of different socioeconomic backgrounds.

So in October 2021, months after the homework reduction began, the Marlborough committee made a change to the district’s policy. While teachers could still give homework, the assignments had to begin as classwork. And though teachers could acknowledge homework completion in a student’s participation grade, they couldn’t count homework as its own grading category. “Rigorous learning in the classroom does not mean that that classwork must be assigned every night,” the policy stated . “Extensions of class work is not to be used to teach new content or as a form of punishment.”

Canceling homework might not do anything for the achievement gap

The critiques of homework are valid as far as they go, but at a certain point, arguments against homework can defy the commonsense idea that to retain what they’re learning, students need to practice it.

“Doesn’t a kid become a better reader if he reads more? Doesn’t a kid learn his math facts better if he practices them?” said Cathy Vatterott, an education researcher and professor emeritus at the University of Missouri-St. Louis. After decades of research, she said it’s still hard to isolate the value of homework, but that doesn’t mean it should be abandoned.

Blanket vilification of homework can also conflate the unique challenges facing disadvantaged students as compared to affluent ones, which could have different solutions. “The kids in the low-income schools are being hurt because they’re being graded, unfairly, on time they just don’t have to do this stuff,” Pope told me. “And they’re still being held accountable for turning in assignments, whether they’re meaningful or not.” On the other side, “Palo Alto kids” — students in Silicon Valley’s stereotypically pressure-cooker public schools — “are just bombarded and overloaded and trying to stay above water.”

Merely getting rid of homework doesn’t solve either problem. The United States already has the second-highest disparity among OECD (the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) nations between time spent on homework by students of high and low socioeconomic status — a difference of more than three hours, said Janine Bempechat, clinical professor at Boston University and author of No More Mindless Homework .

When she interviewed teachers in Boston-area schools that had cut homework before the pandemic, Bempechat told me, “What they saw immediately was parents who could afford it immediately enrolled their children in the Russian School of Mathematics,” a math-enrichment program whose tuition ranges from $140 to about $400 a month. Getting rid of homework “does nothing for equity; it increases the opportunity gap between wealthier and less wealthy families,” she said. “That solution troubles me because it’s no solution at all.”

A group of teachers at Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia, made the same point after the school district proposed an overhaul of its homework policies, including removing penalties for missing homework deadlines, allowing unlimited retakes, and prohibiting grading of homework.

“Given the emphasis on equity in today’s education systems,” they wrote in a letter to the school board, “we believe that some of the proposed changes will actually have a detrimental impact towards achieving this goal. Families that have means could still provide challenging and engaging academic experiences for their children and will continue to do so, especially if their children are not experiencing expected rigor in the classroom.” At a school where more than a third of students are low-income, the teachers argued, the policies would prompt students “to expect the least of themselves in terms of effort, results, and responsibility.”

Not all homework is created equal

Despite their opposing sides in the homework wars, most of the researchers I spoke to made a lot of the same points. Both Bempechat and Pope were quick to bring up how parents and schools confuse rigor with workload, treating the volume of assignments as a proxy for quality of learning. Bempechat, who is known for defending homework, has written extensively about how plenty of it lacks clear purpose, requires the purchasing of unnecessary supplies, and takes longer than it needs to. Likewise, when Pope instructs graduate-level classes on curriculum, she asks her students to think about the larger purpose they’re trying to achieve with homework: If they can get the job done in the classroom, there’s no point in sending home more work.

At its best, pandemic-era teaching facilitated that last approach. Honolulu-based teacher Christina Torres Cawdery told me that, early in the pandemic, she often had a cohort of kids in her classroom for four hours straight, as her school tried to avoid too much commingling. She couldn’t lecture for four hours, so she gave the students plenty of time to complete independent and project-based work. At the end of most school days, she didn’t feel the need to send them home with more to do.

A similar limited-homework philosophy worked at a public middle school in Chelsea, Massachusetts. A couple of teachers there turned as much class as possible into an opportunity for small-group practice, allowing kids to work on problems that traditionally would be assigned for homework, Jessica Flick, a math coach who leads department meetings at the school, told me. It was inspired by a philosophy pioneered by Simon Fraser University professor Peter Liljedahl, whose influential book Building Thinking Classrooms in Mathematics reframes homework as “check-your-understanding questions” rather than as compulsory work. Last year, Flick found that the two eighth grade classes whose teachers adopted this strategy performed the best on state tests, and this year, she has encouraged other teachers to implement it.

Teachers know that plenty of homework is tedious and unproductive. Jeannemarie Dawson De Quiroz, who has taught for more than 20 years in low-income Boston and Los Angeles pilot and charter schools, says that in her first years on the job she frequently assigned “drill and kill” tasks and questions that she now feels unfairly stumped students. She said designing good homework wasn’t part of her teaching programs, nor was it meaningfully discussed in professional development. With more experience, she turned as much class time as she could into practice time and limited what she sent home.

“The thing about homework that’s sticky is that not all homework is created equal,” says Jill Harrison Berg, a former teacher and the author of Uprooting Instructional Inequity . “Some homework is a genuine waste of time and requires lots of resources for no good reason. And other homework is really useful.”

Cutting homework has to be part of a larger strategy

The takeaways are clear: Schools can make cuts to homework, but those cuts should be part of a strategy to improve the quality of education for all students. If the point of homework was to provide more practice, districts should think about how students can make it up during class — or offer time during or after school for students to seek help from teachers. If it was to move the curriculum along, it’s worth considering whether strategies like Liljedahl’s can get more done in less time.

Some of the best thinking around effective assignments comes from those most critical of the current practice. Denise Pope proposes that, before assigning homework, teachers should consider whether students understand the purpose of the work and whether they can do it without help. If teachers think it’s something that can’t be done in class, they should be mindful of how much time it should take and the feedback they should provide. It’s questions like these that De Quiroz considered before reducing the volume of work she sent home.

More than a year after the new homework policy began in Marlborough, Hennessy still hears from parents who incorrectly “think homework isn’t happening” despite repeated assurances that kids still can receive work. She thinks part of the reason is that education has changed over the years. “I think what we’re trying to do is establish that homework may be an element of educating students,” she told me. “But it may not be what parents think of as what they grew up with. ... It’s going to need to adapt, per the teaching and the curriculum, and how it’s being delivered in each classroom.”

For the policy to work, faculty, parents, and students will all have to buy into a shared vision of what school ought to look like. The district is working on it — in November, it hosted and uploaded to YouTube a round-table discussion on homework between district administrators — but considering the sustained confusion, the path ahead seems difficult.

When I asked Luis Torres about whether he thought homework serves a useful part in PS 55’s curriculum, he said yes, of course it was — despite the effort and money it takes to keep the school open after hours to help them do it. “The children need the opportunity to practice,” he said. “If you don’t give them opportunities to practice what they learn, they’re going to forget.” But Torres doesn’t care if the work is done at home. The school stays open until around 6 pm on weekdays, even during breaks. Tutors through New York City’s Department of Youth and Community Development programs help kids with work after school so they don’t need to take it with them.

As schools weigh the purpose of homework in an unequal world, it’s tempting to dispose of a practice that presents real, practical problems to students across the country. But getting rid of homework is unlikely to do much good on its own. Before cutting it, it’s worth thinking about what good assignments are meant to do in the first place. It’s crucial that students from all socioeconomic backgrounds tackle complex quantitative problems and hone their reading and writing skills. It’s less important that the work comes home with them.

Jacob Sweet is a freelance writer in Somerville, Massachusetts. He is a frequent contributor to the New Yorker, among other publications.

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• ________ the homework, he was allowed to go out with his friends. 

________ the homework, he was allowed to go out with his friends. 

• A. Finishing
• C. To finish
• D. Having finished

Lời giải tham khảo:

Đáp án đúng: D

Kiến thức :  Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ

Giải thích: Khi hai mệnh đề cùng chủ ngữ, và câu muốn nhấn mạnh hành động phía trước được hoàn thành xong trước rồi hành động phía sau mới xảy ra thì chúng ta dùng công thức: Having + P2, S+Ved. Đáp án D.

Tạm dịch: Sau khi hoàn thành xong bài tập về nhà, anh ấy được phép đi chơi với những người bạn của mình.

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Hướng dẫn Trắc nghiệm Online và Tích lũy điểm thưởng

CÂU HỎI KHÁC

• Indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation: opened, looked, laughed, stepped
• Indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation: seat, leave, increase, ready
• Indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress: precede, offer, visit, finish
• Indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress: charity, agency, origin, disaster
• Michael rarely returns to his home
• Acupuncture is part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and______ in China for thousands of years.
• My father is interested ________ playing chess with his friends
• _______the time passes, _______I feel! The deadline of my thesis is coming, but I have just finished half of it.
• I remember she wore a ______dress to go out with her boyfriend last week
• When I last saw him, he ______ in London.
• Many exam candidates lose marks simply ________ they do not read the questions properly.
• The car ______ ready for him by the time he comes tomorrow.
• John’s ________ and efficiency at the company led to his promotion to Sales Manager
• The manager is good at ________ difficult customers.
• Nobody took any ________ of the warning and they went swimming in the contaminated water
• Even if you are rich, you should save some money for a ________ day
• It is alleged that mothers and grandmothers spoil the children by______ their mistakes
• Pesticide residues in fruit and vegetable can be ________ to health
• The discovery of the new planet was regarded as a major breakthrough in astronomy
• His physical conditions were no impediment to his career as a violinist
• 2008 is a memorable year for people around the world because of the global financial  recession  that hit practically every sector of world
• Jose had a hard time comparing the iPhone to the Samsung phone because to him they were apples
• A student is asking the librarian to help her to fax a report.- Student: Could you help me to fax this report?”- Librarian: ________”
• David is talking to Linda after a party.- David: Would you like me to give you a ride home?”- Linda: ________”
• Voluntary work helps foster independence and imparts the ability to deal with different situations, often simultaneously, thus teaching people how to
• Initially, young adults in their late teens might not seem to have the expertise or knowledge to impart to others that say a teacher or agriculturalist or nurse would have
• and ultimately themselves. From
• the gain to any community no matter how many volunteers are involved is
• Employers will generally look favorably on people
• What is the main idea of the passage?;j
• According to the passage, water is good for the following organs of the body, EXCEPT ________.j
• The pronoun it” in paragraph 2 refers to ________.j
• The word eliminate” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.j
• Which of the following is NOT true?j
• This passage is mainly about ________.j
• The word it” in the first paragraph refers to ________.j
• What major change happened to the hall in 1946?
• Who was Andrew Carnegie? 
• What was Isaac Stern’s relationship to Carnegie Hall?
• Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word detrimental” in paragraph 2? 
• Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word unveiled” in paragraph 3?
• We are going to visit our grandparents when we will finish our final exams.
• A good artist like a good engineer learns as much from their mistakes as from successes.
• Many successful film directions are former actors who desire to expand their experience
• I havent met my grandparents for five years.
• Would you like to come out to dinner with me tonight, Jenny?” Paul said. 
• I don’t think Max broke your vase because he wasn’t here then.
• I deeply regret having spoken to her so severely yesterday. She was badly hurt.
• The student was very bright. He could solve all the math problems.

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Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito Argues Presidents Must Be Allowed to Commit Federal Crimes or Democracy as We Know It Will Be Over

By Bess Levin

On Thursday the Supreme Court heard oral arguments for and against Donald Trump ’s claims of absolute presidential immunity. The good news is that the Court appeared unlikely to just completely rule in his favor, agree that he should not face prosecution for anything he did in office, and kill the federal election case against him. The bad news is that, unsurprisingly, they’re not just going to tell him to fuck off, as some justices suggested that presidents should receive some immunity—a move that would potentially limit Special Counsel Jack Smith ‘s case and delay a trial until after the November election. The insane news? That conservative justice Samuel Alito literally tried to argue that we should allow presidents to commit crimes without fear of prosecution in order to save democracy.

That's right: Speaking to Michael Dreeben, and attorney representing the special counsel, Alito began by stating: “I’m sure you would agree with me that a stable democratic society requires that a candidate who loses an election, even a close one, even a hotly contested one, leave office peacefully, if that candidate is the incumbent?” Then, having started with a premise that all reasonable people would agree with, he went in with this:

If an incumbent who loses a very close, hotly contested election knows that a real possibility after leaving office is not that the president is going to be able to go off into a peaceful retirement, but that the president may be criminally prosecuted by a bitter political opponent, will that not lead us into a cycle that destabilizes the functioning of our country as a democracy?

If your brain hurts from trying to follow that, what Alito is saying here is that presidents need to know that they’ll never be prosecuted for any crimes they might commit in office, or democracy will collapse, because future officeholders might, say, try to overturn a free and fair election in order to stay in power and avoid criminal charges. And if that sounds completely absurd to you, you’re not alone. Responding to Alito’s hypothetical, Dreeben said, “I think it’s exactly the opposite, Justice Alito.”

This content can also be viewed on the site it originates from.

Alito’s desire to literally let presidents do anything they want could, of course, lead to terrible outcomes, which liberal justice Sonia Sotomayor unfortunately had to point out:

Anyway, it’s obviously good news that the Court is unlikely to endorse Trump (and, seemingly, Alito’s) claim that presidents should enjoy absolute immunity for anything they do in office, but it’s really, really quite bad that the likely outcome of the proceedings will still be a huge win for the ex-president. Per The New York Times :

There did not seem to be a lot of urgency among the justices—especially the conservative ones—to ensure that the immunity question was resolved quickly. That left open the possibility that Mr. Trump could avoid being tried on charges of plotting to overturn the last election until well after voters went to the polls to decide whether to choose him as president in this election.

By Maureen Ryan

By Katie Nicholl

By Eliza Brooke

And if he is elected president, all of this will obviously go away.

A very good question (that he would probably answer by citing 17th-century laws to argue the lady president should be thrown in jail)

Stop giving him ideas!

“You Can’t Believe This Happened”: A “Surreal” Trial and Tabloid Tales of Donald Trump

Vanity Fair • Read More

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• You and Your Parents
• Raising Issues with Parents
• Asking Permission to Go Out

How to Convince Your Parents to Let You and Your Friends Go Out

Last Updated: March 3, 2024 Approved

This article was co-authored by Desiree Panlilio . Desiree Panlilio is a Teen Life Coach and the Owner of Encouraging Teens, LLC. With over three years of experience, she specializes in helping teens and young adults define roles, set goals, develop healthy academic and personal habits, grow in leadership potential, and create their life paths. Desiree holds a BSN in Nursing from The University of Victoria and an MA in Human Services Counseling with a concentration in Life Coaching from Liberty University. wikiHow marks an article as reader-approved once it receives enough positive feedback. This article has 14 testimonials from our readers, earning it our reader-approved status. This article has been viewed 616,861 times.

Whether you want to hang out with your friends at the mall for an afternoon, go to an upcoming event, or go to your friend's house, you may need to get permission from your parents first. Especially if you have overprotective parents, you will need strategy on your side. Do your research, and come prepared to respectfully negotiate with your parents to get what you want.

Choosing the Best Time to Talk to Your Parents

• If your family is usually all together for dinner, that would be a good time to ask. Or if your family does relaxes together on Sunday afternoons, that could be an ideal time to talk.
• Plan accordingly for big events. If you’re asking about a concert that’s weeks away, don’t wait until the last minute to ask. Parents appreciate preparation, especially when money and transportation will be involved.
• Last minute plans usually won’t fly with parents, but sometimes you may be able to get permission to go to a low-profile hangout at a friend’s house if you spring it on them.

• Definitely make sure that you’re not in trouble or grounded before you ask for permission.
• You’ll need to work your way out of being grounded before you can expect your parents to let you do anything extra. Cleaning your room is a great way to show that you are mature. Additionally, it shows you can be organized and helpful.
• A good time to ask would be when you've finished your homework and chores for the week. Or to sweeten the deal, do all of those things on top of cleaning up after dinner. Don't forget to drop hints every so often so they aren't so surprised when you tell them.

• For example, if you mom is dropping your sister off at soccer practice, you could ask to then be dropped off at the nearby mall since it’s on the way.
• Coordinate your plans with your parents’. Try not to ask for extra rides too often and instead think about how you can combine trips around town.
• Avoid asking to skip out on family events to go hang out with friends. Overloading your parents will make them less likely to yes in the future.

Negotiating With Your Parents

• Tell them where you are going, who will be with you, how long you will be gone, and what you will be doing.
• Be completely honest the whole time. If you get caught in any sort of lie, you will lose your parents’ trust.
• You can’t have too many details. Find out beforehand if you will need transportation, spending money, or reservations if you want to go attend a scheduled event.
• Start small and work bigger. Before you ask to go on a big week-long trip, try asking to sleep over at a friend’s house for one night first. They may see that you can handle little things and then trust you going out for longer periods of time.

• If there are educational benefits, make sure and mention them since your parents will want you to succeed in school.

• Inform them of any adult chaperones you’ll be with so they know you’ll be looked after.
• Even if they already trust you, telling them that you are trustworthy will help strengthen your case.

• Even if it looks like your parents are going to say no, try your best to not yell, scream, or cry out of frustration.
• Don’t threaten or make demands. You won’t be able to convince your parents by threatening to stop doing chores if you can’t go out. You’ll only end up in more trouble.

• Siblings have the tendency to report back to parents. This can work in your favor when negotiating since parents will be more trusting if a sibling accompanies you.
• However, make sure that you do behave if they come along because they still might tattle on you to your parents.

Sealing the Deal

• You can also do some of your other chores without being asked, like taking out the trash.
• If you don’t have time before asking, promise that you will have all of your responsibilities done before going out.
• Taking on real responsibility is a great way to demonstrate your maturity to your parents. Being proactive shows your parents that you're ready to handle an increased amount of responsibility.

• If you don’t have adults going with you, don’t lie to your parents and say that there are some. They will find out the lie eventually.

• Be subtle and not too obvious. Parents will pick up on lies that you make up about them just to get them to give you something.
• Don’t overdo it. Butter up your parents but don’t go so overboard that they think you’re faking it.

Community Q&A

Reader Videos

• During the process of convincing your parents, make sure you’re staying honest the whole time as well as when you go out. Thanks Helpful 6 Not Helpful 0
• Breaking trust is the fastest way to get grounded as well as jeopardize any future plans you might have. Thanks Helpful 4 Not Helpful 0

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://www.meiccymru.org/get-parents-let-you-go-out-with-friends/
• ↑ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/hanaan-rosenthal/advice-for-teens_b_2037523.html

About This Article

To convince your parents to let you and your friends go out, tell them the details about what you’ll be doing, like where you plan to go, who is going with you, and how you’ll get there, since this will make them more likely to agree. You should also explain to your parents why you want to go because the reason might not be obvious to them. For example, tell them that the trip will be important for your education or because you want to get to know your friends better. If they’re very concerned about letting you go, stress that it’s safe where you’re going and that you’ll keep a charged cell phone with you at all times in case you need to make contact. Offer to introduce your friends to your parents if this will make them feel more comfortable. When you talk to your parents, avoid losing your temper or arguing aggressively with them, since this will show them that you’re not mature enough to go out. Instead, give them some time to think things over after you’ve explained your plans. For tips on how to respond if they say no, keep reading! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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• International

Second day of testimony wraps in Trump hush money trial

From CNN's Jeremy Herb, Lauren del Valle and Kara Scannell in the courthouse

Trump posts from the courthouse about gag order and calls for judge to recuse himself

Donald Trump has posted on Truth Social about the gag order following the gag order hearing, calling for Judge Juan Merchan to recuse himself.

Trump alleges he is "not allowed" to defend himself, but he has indicated he is willing to take the stand to testify .

Trump and his attorney are looking through a stack of papers he brought to court

As we wait for the judge to return to the bench, Trump has resumed chatting with his attorney Todd Blanche. They are looking at the stack of papers Trump brought in with him.

Trump and his attorney are whispering before judge enters courtroom

Attorney Todd Blanche and Trump were whispering before Judge Juan Merchan entered the courtroom.

He and Blanche were leaning in close to each other to talk. Trump then veered to his right to talk to attorney Emil Bove, who in now sitting in the first chair.

Trump back in courtroom

Former President Donald Trump has reentered the courtroom. He is holding a stack of papers, some held together by binder clips.

Analysis: This was a "disaster for the defense," CNN legal analyst says of gag order hearing

From CNN's Antoinette Radford

CNN’s Chief Legal Correspondent Paula Reid has described the outcome of today’s gag order hearing as a “disaster for the defense.”

During the hearing, Judge Juan Merchan questioned whether Donald Trump recognized that he had breached the gag order, even asking him to take the stand and swear under oath that he did not know he had done so.

Merchan went as far as to tell Trump’s lawyer, Todd Blanche, that he was “losing all credibility with the court.”

Reid said that was a “disaster” for how Trump’s team had hoped to tackle the hearing.

“This just went completely off the rails because while they wanted to do the macro big-picture, the judge wanted to go post-by post through each of these alleged violations of the gag order that in many instances, are indefensible.”

“I knew this wasn’t going to go well legally for the team… but this was much worse than I could’ve expected.”

Defense says Trump is "very careful" with gag order arguing he is allowed to respond to political attacks 

From CNN's Kaanita Iyer

Donald Trump's attorney Todd Blanche faced a tough task Tuesday morning as he sought to avoid a maximum fine for his client for violating a gag order.  

Under the order, Trump is barred from publicly discussing witnesses or jurors in the case and prosecutors have pointed to eight social media posts and two campaign website posts to argue that “going after Michael Cohen is a recurring theme in these posts.” The prosecution is seeking $1,000 per violation — the maximum fine.  

But Blanche argued that specific attacks from Cohen, Trump's former personal attorney, and adult film star Stormy Daniels prompted the former president to respond, but he has yet to point to specific attacks by them despite several requests to do so from Judge Juan Merchan.  

"I keep asking you over and over again for a specific answer, and I’m not getting an answer," Merchan said to Blanche.   But Blanche later told Merchan: "President Trump is being very careful to comply with your order.”  

The former president was not visibly reacting to any of the proceedings at the time, according to journalists in the courtroom, but did talk to his attorneys at least twice.  

Analysis: Why David Pecker is an important witness in the prosecutor's quest to prove criminal intent

From CNN's Elise Hammond

David Pecker will be back on the stand on Tuesday to continue testimony in the hush money trial against former President Donald Trump. Not only is he the first witness to answer questions from the prosecution, but he is also a critical piece of how the state is trying to prove criminal intent, one former federal prosecutor said.

Criminal intent means that “not just an act happened, but an act happened for a purpose,” said Elliot Williams, a CNN legal analyst. “The defendant did something wrong to carry out some criminal purpose.”

As the then-chairman of American Media Inc., which publishes the National Enquirer, Pecker was involved in numerous “catch-and-kill” schemes he orchestrated on behalf of Trump, and he allegedly helped broker the deal with adult film star Stormy Daniels which is at the center of  the case.

“It’s not just the catch-and-kill payments, but catch-and-kill payments for the purpose of concealing information from voters in the context of an election,” Williams explained, referring to the 2016 presidential election. 

Williams said it’s likely that prosecutors will focus much of their questioning trying to uncover what was discussed in meetings between Pecker and Trump. The question at the heart of the argument, Williams said, is if the payments were intended to conceal information from voters, “or was it just Donald Trump saying, ‘Well, you know, this is embarrassing to my wife and my kids, I really want to keep this hidden.’”

Prosecution argues Trump deliberately violates gag order in hearing, seeks max fine

Before witnesses can continue to offer testimony in the historic criminal hush money trial of Donald Trump, Judge Juan Merchan held a hearing on whether the former president violated the gag order in the hush money case.  

Under the order, Trump is barred from publicly discussing witnesses or jurors in the case.  

The prosecution has pointed to eight social media posts and two campaign website posts where Trump was primarily sharing commentary about expected trial witness Michael Cohen, and prosecutor Chris Conroy is seeking a $1,000 fine for each post — the max fine. 

Conroy made the case that Trump “knows about the order” and “knows what he’s not allowed to do” but violates it anyway. The prosecutor has also called the defense’s argument that the former president can respond to attacks by Cohen as an attempt to “muddy the waters,” and said those 10 posts “pose a very real threat” to the proceedings.  

Prosecutors also want the judge to remind Trump that “future violations of this Court’s restrictions on his extrajudicial statements can be punished not only with additional fines but also with a term of incarceration of up to thirty days.” 

Trump was not visibly reacting to the accusations, according to CNN’s reporters in the courtroom.  

Judge says court will go from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. straight after short break

As court was breaking, Judge Juan Merchan said he plans to go from 11 a.m. ET to 2 p.m. ET straight with the jury.

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Escape From Tarkov dev finally caves, says people who paid $150 for the game will get access to its new mode 'in waves'

Battlestate's COO stated he was "sorry that fans and the game community in general are experiencing these feelings."

After two attempts to mollify fan outrage over a new $250 version of Escape From Tarkov with an exclusive PvE mode, developer Battlestate has finally relented, promising PvE access to players who previously bought the $150 Edge of Darkness edition of the game that promised access to "all future DLC."

In a statement on the Tarkov subreddit early this morning, Battlestate COO Nikita Buyanov said he was "very sorry that fans and the game community in general are experiencing these feelings," and that this negative response would factor into his future decision making. In terms of the company's response, Buyanov offered the following concessions and assurances:

• $150 Edge of Darkness purchasers would get access to the PvE mode with no further payment or time limit during early access. They will still be allowed access "in waves" due to server capacity concerns .
• The PvE mode will get mod support on Tarkov's 1.0 release.
• Battlestate will continue to sell the $250 Unheard Edition and upgrades to it from other packages.
• Battlestate will iron out a new list of additional benefits for $150 EoD players, while removing the controversial "preferred matchmaking" proposal
• "We will continue to work on patches, new content, events and the game release itself no matter what."

These changes more or less address Tarkov players' primary complaints, but it might be too little, too late: it took six days of much publicized discontent and disruption of the game's official Discord to get here, and many commenters take umbrage with the wording of Buyanov's apology: "I'm sorry you felt this way" as opposed to "I'm sorry we did this bad thing."

Most posts on the Tarkov subreddit right now are expressing dissatisfaction with Buyanov's statement, with some wondering if Battlestate will pull a move like this in the future. Many are suggesting Battlestate turn to cosmetic monetization instead of ever more stratified bundles of the game with mechanical advantages and exclusive modes.

This may still be enough of a concession by Battlestate to release tension and get things back to "normal" in the Tarkov community, but the company has invited severe reputational damage over this boondoggle⁠—how many Unheard Edition customers will Battlestate even manage to snag? A $250 early access videogame purchase is a gesture of trust after all, and after this week, I don't think many Tarkov players are keen to trust the studio.

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Ted has been thinking about PC games and bothering anyone who would listen with his thoughts on them ever since he booted up his sister's copy of Neverwinter Nights on the family computer. He is obsessed with all things CRPG and CRPG-adjacent, but has also covered esports, modding, and rare game collecting. When he's not playing or writing about games, you can find Ted lifting weights on his back porch.

Update: Tarkov studio claims it actually doesn't have the server capacity for everyone who bought the game for $150 to play its upcoming PvE mode, but has relented on making those players pay extra for it

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FTC Announces Rule Banning Noncompetes

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Today, the Federal Trade Commission issued a final rule to promote competition by banning noncompetes nationwide, protecting the fundamental freedom of workers to change jobs, increasing innovation, and fostering new business formation.

“Noncompete clauses keep wages low, suppress new ideas, and rob the American economy of dynamism, including from the more than 8,500 new startups that would be created a year once noncompetes are banned,” said FTC Chair Lina M. Khan. “The FTC’s final rule to ban noncompetes will ensure Americans have the freedom to pursue a new job, start a new business, or bring a new idea to market.”

The FTC estimates that the final rule banning noncompetes will lead to new business formation growing by 2.7% per year, resulting in more than 8,500 additional new businesses created each year. The final rule is expected to result in higher earnings for workers, with estimated earnings increasing for the average worker by an additional $524 per year, and it is expected to lower health care costs by up to $194 billion over the next decade. In addition, the final rule is expected to help drive innovation, leading to an estimated average increase of 17,000 to 29,000 more patents each year for the next 10 years under the final rule.

Noncompetes are a widespread and often exploitative practice imposing contractual conditions that prevent workers from taking a new job or starting a new business. Noncompetes often force workers to either stay in a job they want to leave or bear other significant harms and costs, such as being forced to switch to a lower-paying field, being forced to relocate, being forced to leave the workforce altogether, or being forced to defend against expensive litigation. An estimated 30 million workers—nearly one in five Americans—are subject to a noncompete.

Under the FTC’s new rule, existing noncompetes for the vast majority of workers will no longer be enforceable after the rule’s effective date. Existing noncompetes for senior executives - who represent less than 0.75% of workers - can remain in force under the FTC’s final rule, but employers are banned from entering into or attempting to enforce any new noncompetes, even if they involve senior executives. Employers will be required to provide notice to workers other than senior executives who are bound by an existing noncompete that they will not be enforcing any noncompetes against them.

In January 2023, the FTC issued a  proposed rule which was subject to a 90-day public comment period. The FTC received more than 26,000 comments on the proposed rule, with over 25,000 comments in support of the FTC’s proposed ban on noncompetes. The comments informed the FTC’s final rulemaking process, with the FTC carefully reviewing each comment and making changes to the proposed rule in response to the public’s feedback.

In the final rule, the Commission has determined that it is an unfair method of competition, and therefore a violation of Section 5 of the FTC Act, for employers to enter into noncompetes with workers and to enforce certain noncompetes.

The Commission found that noncompetes tend to negatively affect competitive conditions in labor markets by inhibiting efficient matching between workers and employers. The Commission also found that noncompetes tend to negatively affect competitive conditions in product and service markets, inhibiting new business formation and innovation. There is also evidence that noncompetes lead to increased market concentration and higher prices for consumers.

Alternatives to Noncompetes

The Commission found that employers have several alternatives to noncompetes that still enable firms to protect their investments without having to enforce a noncompete.

Trade secret laws and non-disclosure agreements (NDAs) both provide employers with well-established means to protect proprietary and other sensitive information. Researchers estimate that over 95% of workers with a noncompete already have an NDA.

The Commission also finds that instead of using noncompetes to lock in workers, employers that wish to retain employees can compete on the merits for the worker’s labor services by improving wages and working conditions.

Changes from the NPRM

Under the final rule, existing noncompetes for senior executives can remain in force. Employers, however, are prohibited from entering into or enforcing new noncompetes with senior executives. The final rule defines senior executives as workers earning more than $151,164 annually and who are in policy-making positions.

Additionally, the Commission has eliminated a provision in the proposed rule that would have required employers to legally modify existing noncompetes by formally rescinding them. That change will help to streamline compliance.

Instead, under the final rule, employers will simply have to provide notice to workers bound to an existing noncompete that the noncompete agreement will not be enforced against them in the future. To aid employers’ compliance with this requirement, the Commission has included model language in the final rule that employers can use to communicate to workers. 

The Commission vote to approve the issuance of the final rule was 3-2 with Commissioners Melissa Holyoak and Andrew N. Ferguson voting no. Commissioners Rebecca Kelly Slaughter , Alvaro Bedoya , Melissa Holyoak and Andrew N. Ferguson each issued separate statements. Chair Lina M. Khan will issue a separate statement.

The final rule will become effective 120 days after publication in the Federal Register.

Once the rule is effective, market participants can report information about a suspected violation of the rule to the Bureau of Competition by emailing  [email protected] . 

The Federal Trade Commission develops policy initiatives on issues that affect competition, consumers, and the U.S. economy. The FTC will never demand money, make threats, tell you to transfer money, or promise you a prize. Follow the  FTC on social media , read  consumer alerts  and the  business blog , and  sign up to get the latest FTC news and alerts .

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Trump’s Trial Challenge: Being Stripped of Control

The mundanity of the courtroom has all but swallowed Donald Trump, who for decades has sought to project an image of bigness and a sense of power.

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By Maggie Haberman

“Sir, can you please have a seat.”

Donald J. Trump had stood up to leave the Manhattan criminal courtroom as Justice Juan M. Merchan was wrapping up a scheduling discussion on Tuesday.

But the judge had not yet adjourned the court or left the bench. Mr. Trump, the 45th president of the United States and the owner of his own company, is used to setting his own pace. Still, when Justice Merchan admonished him to sit back down, the former president did so without saying a word.

The moment underscored a central reality for the presumptive Republican presidential nominee. For the next six weeks, a man who values control and tries to shape environments and outcomes to his will is in control of very little.

Everything about the circumstances in which the former president comes to court every day to sit as the defendant in the People v. Donald J. Trump at 100 Centre Street is repellent to him. The trapped-in-amber surroundings that evoke New York City’s more crime-ridden past. The lack of control. The details of a case in which he is accused of falsifying business records to conceal a payoff to a porn star to keep her claims of an affair with him from emerging in the 2016 election.

Of the four criminal cases Mr. Trump is facing, this is the one that is the most acutely personal. And people close to him are blunt when privately discussing his reaction: He looks around each day and cannot believe he has to be there.

Asked about the former president’s aversion to the case, a campaign spokeswoman, Karoline Leavitt, said that Mr. Trump “proved he will remain defiant” and called the case “political lawfare.”

He is sitting in a decrepit courtroom that, for the second half of last week, was so cold his lead lawyer complained respectfully to the judge about it. Mr. Trump hugged his arms to his chest and told an aide, “It’s freezing.”

For the first few minutes of each day during jury selection, a small pool of still photographers was ushered into Part 59 on the 15th floor of the courthouse. Mr. Trump, obsessed with being seen as strong and being seen generally, prepared for them to rush in front of him by adjusting his suit jacket and contorting his face into a jut-jawed scowl. But, by day’s end on Friday, Mr. Trump appeared haggard and rumpled, his gait off-center, his eyes blank.

The Donald Trump Indictment, Annotated

The indictment unveiled in April 2023 centers on a hush-money deal with a porn star, but a related document alleges a broader scheme to protect Donald J. Trump’s 2016 campaign.

Mr. Trump has often seemed to fade into the background in a light wood-paneled room with harsh flourescent lighting and a perpetual smell of sour, coffee-laced breath wafting throughout.

His face has been visible to dozens of reporters watching in an overflow room on a large monitor with a closed-circuit camera trained on the defense table. He has whispered to his lawyer and poked him to get his attention, leafed through sheafs of paper and, at least twice, appeared to nod off during the morning session. (His aides have publicly denied he was dozing.) Nodding off is something that happens from time to time to various people in court proceedings, including jurors, but it conveys, for Mr. Trump, the kind of public vulnerability he has rigorously tried to avoid.

Trials are by nature mundane, with strict routines and long periods of inactivity. Mr. Trump has always steered clear of this type of officialism, whether by eschewing strict schedules or anyone else’s practices or structures, from the time he was in his 20s through his time in the Oval Office.

The mundanity of the courtroom has all but swallowed Mr. Trump, who for decades has sought to project an image of bigness, one he rode from a reality-television studio set to the White House.

When the first panel of 96 prospective jurors was brought into the room last Monday afternoon, Mr. Trump seemed to disappear among them, as they were seated in the jury box and throughout the rows in the well of the court. The judge has made clear that the jurors’ time is his highest priority, even when it comes at the former president’s expense.

Mr. Trump’s communications advisers or aides who provide him with a morale boost have been sitting at a remove. Natalie Harp, a former host on the right-wing OAN news network, who for years has carried a portable printer to supply Mr. Trump with a steady stream of uplifting articles or social media posts about him, is there. But she and others have been in the second row behind the defense table, or several rows back in the courtroom, unable to talk to Mr. Trump during the proceedings.

It is hard to recall any other time when Mr. Trump has had to sit and listen to insults without turning to social media or a news conference to punch back. And it is just as hard to recall any other time he has been forced to be bored for so long.

People close to him are anxious about how he will handle having so little to do as he sits there for weeks on end, with only a handful of days of testimony expected to be significant. It has been decades since he has had to spend so much time in the immediate vicinity of anyone who is not part of his family, his staff or his throng of admirers.

Who Are Key Players in the Trump Manhattan Criminal Trial?

The first criminal trial of former President Donald J. Trump is underway. Take a closer look at central figures related to the case.

Over the next six weeks or so, Mr. Trump will have to endure more, including listening as prosecutors ask witnesses uncomfortable questions about his personal life in open court. On Tuesday, he’ll face a hearing over whether the judge agrees with prosecutors that he has repeatedly violated the order prohibiting him from publicly criticizing witnesses and others.

Most of the time, Mr. Trump has been forced to sit at the table, unable to use his cellphone, and listen as prosecutors have described him as a criminal, as jurors have been asked their opinions of him. Some of those opinions have been negative, with one potential juror made to read aloud her old social media posts blasting him as a sociopath and an egomaniac. The only times he has smiled have been when prospective jurors have referred to work of his that they have liked.

The highly telegraphed plan was for Mr. Trump to behave as a candidate in spite of the trial, using the entire event as a set piece in his claims of a weaponized judicial system.

But last week, in New York, Mr. Trump’s only political event was a stop at an Upper Manhattan bodega to emphasize crime rates in the borough. The appearance seemed to breathe life into him, but it also felt more like a stop a mayoral candidate would make than a presumptive presidential nominee. Some advisers are conscious of Mr. Trump appearing diminished, and they are pressing for more — and larger — events around the New York area.

Many in Mr. Trump’s broader orbit are pessimistic about the case ending in a hung jury or a mistrial, and they see an outright acquittal as virtually impossible. They are bracing for him to be convicted, not because they cede the legal grounds, but because they think jurors in overwhelmingly Democratic Manhattan will be against the polarizing former president.

But the shared sense among many of his advisers is that the process may damage him as much as a guilty verdict. The process, they believe, is its own punishment.

Maggie Haberman is a senior political correspondent reporting on the 2024 presidential campaign, down ballot races across the country and the investigations into former President Donald J. Trump. More about Maggie Haberman

Our Coverage of the Trump Hush-Money Trial

News and Analysis

At Donald Trump's hush-money trial, the former president demands praise and concedes no faults, robbing his lawyers of time-honored defense tactics .

Trump has spent decades spewing thousands and thousands of words, sometimes contradicting himself. That tendency is now working against him in this case .

The testimony of David Pecker , the first witness called in the trial and the former publisher of The National Enquirer, offered a window into the golden era of tabloids .

More on Trump’s Legal Troubles

Key Inquiries: Trump faces several investigations  at both the state and the federal levels, into matters related to his business and political careers.

Case Tracker:  Keep track of the developments in the criminal cases  involving the former president.

What if Trump Is Convicted?: Could he go to prison ? And will any of the proceedings hinder Trump’s presidential campaign? Here is what we know , and what we don’t know .

Trump on Trial Newsletter: Sign up here  to get the latest news and analysis  on the cases in New York, Florida, Georgia and Washington, D.C.