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UPSC Essay: Life is a long journey between human being and being humane (2020)

2020 UPSC Mains Essay Paper Topic | Section A: Life is a long journey between human being and being humane.

Life is a long journey between human being and being humane.

Introduction

The journey of life is often described as a path of personal growth and discovery, a voyage that transcends mere existence to embrace the essence of what it truly means to be humane. This journey, from being a human being to becoming humane, is laden with philosophical depth and moral significance. While every individual is born a human being, inheriting certain biological and psychological traits, becoming ‘humane’ is a more intricate process. It involves developing attributes like empathy, compassion, and a sense of justice, which are not innate but cultivated. The philosophical underpinnings of being humane are rooted in the age-old debate of nature versus nurture and the moral responsibilities that come with being a part of the human race. It is an exploration of the self in relation to others and the world, where the endpoint is a state of existence that surpasses basic human needs and desires, reaching into the realm of ethical consciousness and altruistic behaviour.

The Essence of Human Existence

The concept of being a ‘human being’ is initially grounded in biological reality. Humans are characterized by their physical attributes, cognitive abilities, and the capacity for complex language and emotional responses. Psychologically, humans exhibit a wide range of behaviours and emotions, driven by both genetic predisposition and environmental influences. Social aspects further define human beings, as they live in communities, form relationships, and create cultures that shape their understanding of the world.

However, being ‘humane’ adds deeper, moral and ethical dimensions to the basic framework of human existence. It transcends biological and social necessities, encapsulating qualities such as empathy, kindness, and a deep-seated sense of morality. To be humane is to recognize the inherent dignity and worth of all living beings and to act with compassion and understanding towards others. This aspect of human existence is not automatic; it is a result of self-reflection, education, and a conscious choice to extend one’s concern beyond oneself. The contrast between just being a human being and being humane is stark. While the former is a state of being, the latter is a state of doing – doing good, acting with moral integrity, and making choices that reflect a consideration for the greater good.

In this journey from human being to humane, each individual manoeuvres through life’s experiences, constantly learning and evolving. The essence of this journey lies in the choices one makes – choices that are guided not just by personal or societal norms, but by a deeper moral compass that directs one towards greater kindness, empathy, and humanity.

Milestones of Humanness

The journey towards becoming humane is marked by various stages in life where individuals learn and exhibit qualities like empathy, compassion, and altruism. These milestones often emerge from personal experiences, interactions with others, and the inherent desire to understand and connect with the world around us.

One such milestone is often experienced during childhood, where the seeds of empathy are sown through family interactions and early education. For instance, the simple act of sharing toys in kindergarten teaches children the value of considering others’ feelings. Historical figures like Mother Teresa showcased compassion and selflessness from a young age, setting the foundation for their later humanitarian work.

Adolescence and young adulthood present another significant milestone, where the understanding of social justice and moral values deepens. The story of Malala Yousafzai, who advocated for girls’ education in Pakistan despite immense personal risk, illustrates how this stage of life can be pivotal in embracing humane qualities.

Adulthood further presents opportunities for demonstrating altruism through various roles – as parents, professionals, and citizens. It’s in these roles that individuals often face real-world challenges that test their humane qualities. The life of Nelson Mandela, who fought against apartheid with great empathy and forgiveness, is a testament to the humane qualities developed and exhibited throughout one’s life.

Challenges on the Path to Being Humane

The path to becoming humane is fraught with challenges and conflicts, especially in a complex and often contradictory world. Societal pressures can sometimes overshadow moral values, pushing individuals towards choices that prioritize personal gain over ethical considerations. The competitive nature of modern life often poses ethical dilemmas where the right choice is not always the easiest one.

One of the major challenges is the prevalence of social and economic disparities that can desensitize individuals to the plight of others. In such a context, maintaining a sense of empathy and compassion requires conscious effort and self-reflection. Additionally, the bombardment of negative news and the fast pace of life can lead to a phenomenon known as ‘compassion fatigue’, where individuals become numb to the suffering of others.

Another challenge is the moral ambiguity presented by certain situations. In a world with diverse cultures and beliefs, what is considered humane in one context may not be seen the same way in another. This cultural relativism can lead to ethical dilemmas that challenge one’s understanding of what it means to be humane.

Despite these challenges, the journey towards being humane is a fulfilling one, rich with opportunities for personal growth and the creation of a more empathetic and understanding world.

Role of Education and Environment

Education and environment play pivotal roles in shaping one’s journey towards being humane. The influence starts in the family, where the initial values and attitudes towards others are formed. The way parents and other family members treat each other and those outside the family sets a foundational example for children. The story of Mahatma Gandhi, who was deeply influenced by the religious tolerance and non-violence preached by his mother, illustrates the profound impact familial environment can have.

In the realm of formal education, schools and universities are not just centers for academic learning but also for moral and ethical development. Education that emphasizes empathy, social justice, and ethical reasoning fosters the development of humane qualities in students. For instance, educational programs that include community service or social work as a part of their curriculum encourage students to engage directly with societal issues, nurturing a sense of responsibility and empathy.

The broader environment, including the cultural and social framework one grows up in, also significantly influences this journey. Societies that value community, cooperation, and mutual respect naturally encourage the development of humane qualities. Conversely, environments marked by conflict, competition, and individualism may pose challenges to nurturing these qualities.

Global and Cultural Perspectives on Humanness

The concept of being humane is viewed differently across cultures, reflecting a diversity of moral and ethical frameworks. For instance, in many Eastern cultures, the idea of being humane is deeply intertwined with religious and philosophical teachings, such as the concepts of ‘Dharma’ in Hinduism or ‘Ren’ in Confucianism, which emphasize righteous living and benevolence.

In Western societies, the concept of humanness has often been shaped by a combination of religious teachings, particularly Christianity, and Enlightenment values like individual rights and rationalism. This blend results in a perspective of humanness that values individual freedom and social responsibility.

The influence of these cultural perspectives on individuals can be profound. For example, Scandinavian countries, known for their strong welfare systems and emphasis on collective well-being, foster a societal environment where being humane is a shared value, influencing individuals’ attitudes and actions from an early age.

These global and cultural perspectives not only define the concept of being humane but also influence the journey of individuals in striving to embody these qualities. The diversity of these perspectives illustrates that while the essence of being humane is universal, its expression and development are deeply influenced by the cultural and societal context.

Humanness in the Modern World

In today’s fast-paced, technology-driven world, the relevance and role of being humane are more critical than ever. While technological advancements have connected us in unprecedented ways, they have also brought challenges that test our humane qualities. The anonymity and distance provided by digital platforms can sometimes lead to a lack of empathy and a rise in insensitivity. However, these very challenges present opportunities for demonstrating and nurturing humane qualities.

Modern society, with its complex issues ranging from global warming to social inequality, requires individuals who are not only technologically adept but also deeply humane. The ability to empathize with others, show compassion, and make ethical decisions is crucial in creating solutions that are not just effective but also just and fair. The recent global response to humanitarian crises, where people across the world have come together to offer support, shows how modern society can foster a sense of global responsibility and humanness.

The journey towards becoming more humane is an essential aspect of personal growth and a key contributor to a harmonious society. It is a continuous process that involves self-reflection, learning, and a conscious effort to empathize and act with compassion. This journey is not always easy, and it is often marked with challenges that test our resolve, but its importance cannot be overstated.

As we journey through life, the need for constant self-improvement and empathy remains vital. In a world that is increasingly interconnected yet paradoxically at risk of growing apathy, our humane qualities are the bridge that connects us to each other. They enable us to understand and share the feelings of others, to act with kindness, and to make the world a better place. The journey from being a human being to being humane is, therefore, not just a personal endeavour but a collective necessity, vital for the well-being and progress of humanity as a whole.

In conclusion, as we continue on this journey, let us remember that every step towards being more humane is a step towards a more compassionate, understanding, and just world. It is a journey that we must all undertake, for in being humane lies the true essence of being human.

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UPSC Mains 2019 Questions- Essay

September 20, 2019
Mains , Questions

1. Wisdom Finds truth

2. value, are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be

3. Best for an individual is not necessarily, but best for society

4. Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success

5. South Asian societies are woven not around the State, but around their cultures and plural identities

6. Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for backwardness

7. Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy

8. Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunity through reskilling and upskilling.

Essay Paper UPSC 2020 (Mains): Question Paper and Analysis

Last updated on January 9, 2021 by ClearIAS Team

UPSC conducted the Essay Paper , as part of the Civil Services Main Exam 2020 on 08-01-2021.

There were 8 Essay topics, out of which candidates were asked to write on two topics in 3 hours.

Table of Contents

Essay Paper UPSC 2020 Instructions

Total Marks: 250 marks, Time duration: 3 hours.
The essay must be written in the medium authorized in the admission certificate which must be stated clearly on the cover of this question-cum-answer (QCA) booklet in the space provided.
No marks will be given for answers written in the medium other than the authorized one.
Word limit, as specified, should be adhered to.
Any page or portion of the page left blank, must be struck off clearly.

Essay Question Paper – UPSC Civil Services Main Exam (Written) 2020

Write two essays, choosing one topic from each of the following Sections A and B, in about 1000-1200 words each:

Life is long journey between human being and being humane
Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self
Ships do not sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them
Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication
Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have
There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless
Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality
Technology as the silent factor in international relations

Though aspirants were asked to write only two essays out of eight, most aspirants faced difficulty to select the right combination of two essays.

A philosophical theme was present in most of the essay topics in Section A as well as Section B.

As per most aspirants, the essay topic ‘Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self’ seemed the most tricky one. Only a few attempted that topic.

UPSC has ensured that the essay topics were much different from the GS questions.

As we have mentioned many times, Essay needs a different approach than GS. Only those candidates with good essay writing skills will score high in this year’s essay paper.

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What is it to be human? What defines humanity?

Being humane is the best treat to possess as a human. Being, a human being we to be human must possess all the divine features which takes the worldly human beings to something divine. Therefore, possessing such qualities in one’s life as a human being which uplifts a person’s stature to such a level where his immediate society in general considers him/her as someone to imitate. In this regard divine qualities like compassion and a sense of fellow feeling to one and all as well as qualities like humility, kindness and thereby always following the path of truth and on the contrary not taking the path of fallacy and hypocrisy may also be considered as one among the many qualities of life which uplifts the personality of a person from human to humane.

In the present-day globalised world human beings of this globe are becoming more and more materialistic. In such a scenario following the path of worldly characteristics which uplifts him to divine creatures is becoming like searching water in a desert. In this regard, it may be said that, human beings desires have elongated at the present times but not his/her means of achieving them as is the case with most of the human beings. Thus, in terms of need versus greed conundrum the world has shrink a lot. We have as human beings have a long list of desires in life at the same time the required hard work to achieve them is lacking in most of the human beings. Thus, there has been a diabolic relationship between desires and the achievability of these desires in life. Resultantly, happiness for most of we human beings have become like a mirage of the desert. The more we search for it in the desert of human life, the more the turmoil that we face in this process.

The whole process of being human being is encapsulated in a yolk named life. Thus, what we are, how we are and where we are, the radar in this regard of the voyage of a human being’s life is controlled by the whole concept called ‘life’. There is something called existence for we human beings in this world till this radar of life works in harmonisation with the body, mind and soul of we human beings. Till when we human beings exist is expressed in common parlance as longevity. Yes, life for we human beings is divine and its beginning and end is in the hands of the almighty. In this regard procreation process of we human being’s is just a means to the whole process of the beginning of the human life. So, vanity, arrogance, and deadly qualities like, greed, utmost hunger for worldly pleasures for we, most of the human beings must not take precedence over the divine qualities of life. Therefore, wen positivity and positive qualities of life takes precedence over the negativity and negative qualities of life, then only, such a human being can be said truly human by being humane in this world of ours.

What defines humanity?

The definition of humanity has never been exhaustive. Many a man, many the mind so are as many the definitions of humanity. So, to define humanity from my behalf, I consider the whole process to be like looking humanity through a multi-coloured prism. The whole exercise in this process is a myopic view as a whole towards the whole process of defining humanity. Still, from a layman’s perspective, I would like to define humanity as a culmination of a worldly race with the unifying trait of rationality.

What separates humanity from a beach or a reptile is his rational trait as possessed by him. Rationality in we human beings helps him to distinguish the various shades that comes to his life. These shades include joyousness versus sorrow, panic versus courage, happiness versus sadness to name a few in this regard. Humanity since time immemorial has been a victim of all these shades of life. Human life is not like a uniform and straight line. Time, as a force of life puts at its own desire its marks in it. Therefore, it is rightly said that, humanity is the slave of time. As time hurts humanity, it heals too.

Therefore, what defines humanity is the fact that, how humanity overcomes the negative shades of life in its journey towards eternity and thereby upholds the positivity and the positive elements in its journey in this world. Therefore, the gist of the definition of humanity is that, humanity is that facet of the world which always looks towards or faces the brighter side of being or in other words, the definition of humanity is in overcoming the negative elements of the world. In the whole process, humanity will certainly herald in an era where there is positivity among them in the form of overall happiness and joy. The repercussions of this phenomenon of humanity will certainly usher in the world’s human being where happiness prevails over sadness, joyous feelings prevail over sorrow. All in all, this culmination in the being of humanity will usher in an overhauling of humanity itself, thereby making it something to imitate for the other creatures of this world. In the long run, these will embolden the trait of human being as the most superior creature of this world which is of possessing rationality at its zenith.

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Essay On Humanity

Essay on Humanity

Humanity definition.

Humanity is a cumulative term used for all human beings, showing sympathy, empathy, love and treating others with respect. The term humanity is used to describe the act of kindness and compassion towards others. It is one of the unique things that differentiates us from animals. It is a value that binds all of us. A human being requires a gentle heart to show empathy with others.

We as human beings are creative, and with our will and hard work, we can achieve anything in our life. When we reach something in our life, it is considered a milestone of the human race. The value of humanity should be included in academics in schools for a better future.

Humanity can be defined as unconditional love for all human beings irrespective of gender, caste, religion, etc., and it also includes love for plants and animals. The most significant humanitarian dedicates their life serving the poor and needy, which individuals can provide in their lifetime. Serving the impoverished means you are thinking about others more than yourself. If you are capable enough, you must help the poor and needy. It is a sign of good humanitarianism.

Importance of Humanity

As humans, our race is progressing into the future, due to which the true essence of humanity is being corrupted. We should remember that the acts of society should not be involved with our gain, like money, power or fame. Our world, where we inhabit, is divided by borders, but we are fortunate to have the freedom to travel anywhere in this world. A few countries or nations are in the constant process of acquiring land, which results in the loss of many innocent human lives.

Countries like Syria, Yemen, Myanmar and many more have lost many innocent lives. These countries face a crisis, and the situation is still not resolved. In these countries, there is no humanity, but we need it to tackle the ongoing problems. We all should come forward to show true humanity by helping the poor and needy and also for birds, animals, etc. Society will heal and make our environment prosperous.

The Great Humanitarians

While going through our history, we get to know about many humanitarians who used to live among us. These names are well-known personalities that almost everyone knows. A few examples are Nelson Mandala, Mahatma Gandhi, Mother Teresa, etc.

Mahatma Gandhi, popularly known as the Father of the Nation, is a great example who devoted his entire life to free his country from the British rulers. He lost his life serving the nation and working to better the nation. Thus, he is a great inspiration for all humans.

Another inspiration is Nelson Mandela, a great humanitarian who served the poor and needy of the nation. The great poet Rabindranath Tagore truly believed in humanity.

These famous humanitarians’ acts and ways are great examples for today’s generation to help the poor and needy. As good human beings, we should indulge in acts of kindness and giving back. Humanity is all about selfless acts of compassion.

Conclusion of the Essay on Humanity

The happiest man on this planet is one who serves humanity. Real happiness is the inner satisfaction you can get from society; no matter how rich you are, you can’t buy inner happiness.

All religions teach us about humanity, love, and peace in this world. You don’t need to be a rich person to showcase your humanity. Anyone can show their humanity by helping and sharing things with the poor. It can be anything like money, food, clothes, shelter, etc.

But humans have always indulged in acts that defy humanity, but as a generation, we have to rise and strive to live in a world where everybody is living a fair life. And we can attain it through acts of humanity.

An essay on humanity will be of great help while writing an essay. The correct method of writing an essay will help them to crack their exam with flying colours. Students can also visit our BYJU’S website to get more CBSE Essays , question papers, sample papers, etc.

Frequently asked Questions on Humanity Essay

What is the meaning of humanity.

Humanity refers to all the basic qualities that are expected to be exhibited by humans.

Why is humanity important in one’s life?

As a human being, helping and lending support to fellow human beings is an important aspect.

Name some humanitarians who changed the world.

Mother Teresa, Nelson Mandela and Mahatma Gandhi are some humanitarians who changed the world with their actions and are still remembered today.

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UPSC Essay Topic wise Question Papers of last 31 years (1993-2023) for Civil Services IAS/IPS Exam Free Download

In the UPSC mains examination, essay paper is worth 250 marks and three hours. Here is the topic wise questions from the earlier years for the benefit of civil service IAS IPS aspirants.

1.1 India Since Independence

1.2 federalism, decentralization, 1.3 administration, 1.4 judiciary, 1.5 poverty, social justice, 1.6 indian society, culture and values, 1.7 media, tv & cinema, literature, 2.1 growth vs development, 2.2 environment vs development, 2.4 sectors of economy, 3.1 values in education, 3.2 scheme implementation, 3.3 higher education, 4.1 character, honesty, ethics, 4.2 knowledge, 4.3 compassion, 4.4 truth and reality, 4.5 youth, discipline, 4.6 towards excellence, 5.1 @national politics, 5.2 @world / quote type, 5.3 empowerment overall, 5.4 compared to men, 6.1 globalization, 6.2 international org./ bilateral, 6.3 security, 6.4 history, 7.1 science and religion, 7.2 science and education, 7.3 computer and internet, 7.4 sci-tech: others, appendix: linear paper of upsc essay 2023, appendix: linear paper of upsc essay 2022, appendix: model answer pe free lecture & powerpoint, appendix: syllabus of essay paper in upsc, 1 india: democracy, administration, society, culture.

Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s Success? -2013
In the context of Gandhiji’s views on the matter, explore, on an evolutionary scale, the terms ‘Swadhinata’, ‘Swaraj’ and ‘Dharmarajya’. Critically comment on their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy -2012
Dreams which should not let India sleep. -2015
Why should we be proud of being Indians? -2000
Whither Indian democracy? -1995
How far has democracy in India delivered the goods? -2003
What we have not learnt during fifty years of independence. -1997
What have we gained from our democratic set-up? -2001
My vision of India in 2001 a.d. -1993
Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India. -2017
Water disputes between States in federal India. -2016
Cooperative federalism : Myth or reality. -2016
Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative, economic and developmental implication -2011
Evaluation of panchayati raj system in India from the point of view of eradication of power to people. -2007
Water resources should be under the control of the central government. -2004
The language problem in India: its past, present and prospects. -1998
There are better practices to “best practices”. -2021
How should a civil servant conduct himself? -2003
Politics without ethics is a disaster. -1995
The VIP cult is a bane of Indian democracy -1996
Need for transparency in public administration -1996
The country’s need for a better disaster management system. -2000
Politics, bureaucracy and business – fatal triangle. -1994
We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws. -2017
Justice must reach the poor -2005
Judicial activism and Indian democracy. -2004
Judicial activism. -1997
A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity. (- जिस समाज में अधिक न्याय होता है उस समाज को दान की कम आवश्यकता होती है।) – 2023
There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless (बिना आर्थिक समृद्धि के सामाजिक न्याय नहीं हो सकता, किन्तु बिना सामाजिक न्याय के आर्थिक समृद्धि निरर्थक है ) -2020
Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness. -2019
The focus of health care is increasingly getting skewed towards the ‘haves’ of our society. -2009
Food security for sustainable national development -2005
Reservation, politics and empowerment. -1999
Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have (जो हम है, वह संस्कार; जो हमारे पास है, वह सभ्यता ) -2020
Indian culture today: a myth or a reality? -2000
Modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values. -2000
The composite culture of India. -1998
The Indian society at the crossroads. -1994
From traditional Indian philanthropy to the gates-buffet model-a natural progression or a paradigm shift? -2010
New cults and godmen: a threat to traditional religion -1996
Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy. -2019
Responsibility of media in a democracy. -2002
Role of media in good governance -2008
Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it? -2011
How has satellite television brought about cultural change in Indian mindsets? -2007
Is sting operation an invasion on privacy? -2014
Mass media and cultural invasion. -1999
The misinterpretation and misuse of freedom in India. -1998
Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world (कवि संसार के अनधिकृत रूप से विधायक होते हैं) – 2022

2 Economy, Development

Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere. -2018
Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. -2016
Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. -2016
Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms. -2016
Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. -2015
Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country? -2014
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the wellbeing of a country-2013
Can capitalism bring inclusive growth? -2015
Resource management in the Indian context. -1999
Economic growth without distributive justice is bound to breed violence. -1993
Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence (आर्थिक समृद्धि हासिल करने के मामले में वन सर्वोत्तम प्रतिमान होते हैं।) – 2022
Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India. -2018
Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country? -2010
Urbanisation and its hazards -2008
Protection of ecology and environment is essential for sustained economic development. -2006
Urbanization is a blessing in disguise. -1997
Ecological considerations need not hamper development. -1993
Globalization would finish small-scale industries in India. -2006
Multinational corporations – saviours or saboteurs -1994
Special economic zone: boon or bane -2008
Is the criticism that the ‘Public-Private-Partnership’ (PPP) model for development is more of a bane than a boon in the Indian context, justified ?-2012
Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India. -2017
BPO boom in India. -2007
Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India? -2014
Are our traditional handicrafts doomed to a slow death? -2009

3 Education

Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in – school. (- शिक्षा वह है जो विद्यालय में विधालय में सीखी गई बातों को भूल जाने के बाद भी शेष रह जाती है।)
Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms. -2017
Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil-2015
Independent thinking should be encouraged right form the childhood. -2007
Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? -2014
Irrelevance of the classroom. -2001
Is the growing level of competition good for the youth? -2014
Literacy is growing very fast, but there is no corresponding growth in education. -1996
Is an egalitarian society possible by educating the masses ? -2008
What is real education? -2005
“Education for all” campaign in India: myth or reality. -2006
Restructuring of Indian education system. -1995
Privatization of higher education in India. -2002
Credit – based higher education system – status, opportunities and challenges -2011

4 Quote based, Philosophy, Ethics

A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities (हर असमंजस के लिए मुस्कराहट ही चुनिन्दा साधन है) – 2022
Philosophy of wantlessness is a Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. -2021
Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. -2021
Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication (सरलता चरम परिष्करण है ) -2020
Ships don’t sink because of water around them ships sink because of water that gets into them (जहाज अपने चारों तरफ के पानी के वजह से नहीं डूबा करते, जहाज पानी के अंदर समां जाने की वजह से डूबता हैं ) -2020
Life is a long journey between being human and being humane. (मनुष्य होने और मानव बनने के बीच का लम्बा सफर ही जीवन है)-2020
Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be -2019
Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society -2019
Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success -2019
Wisdom finds truth -2019
A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both. -2018
Customary morality cannot be a guide to modem file. -2018
Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed. -2016
Character of an institution is reflected in its leader. -2015
With greater power comes greater responsibility. -2014
Words are sharper than the two-edged sword. -2014
Attitude makes, habit makes character and character makes a man. -2007
He would reigns within himself and folds his passions and desires and fears is more than a king. -1993
Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team. (- सोच एक खेल की तरह है, यह तब तक शुरू नहीं होता है जब तक कि एक विपरीत टीम/पक्ष न हो।) – 2023
Mathematics is the music of reason. (- गणित ज्ञान का संगीत है।) – 2023
The real is rational and the rational is real. -2021
Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self (विचारपरक संकल्प स्वयं के शांतचित्त रहने का उत्प्रेरक है )-2020
‘The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values. -2018
A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge. -2018
There is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so. -2003
Disinterested intellectual curiosity is the lifeblood of civilisation. -1995
Joy is the simplest form of gratitude. -2017
Compassion is the basic of all morality of the world -1993
Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole. -2015
Be the change you want to see in others (Gandhi)-2013
Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right (केवल इसलिए कि आपके पास विकल्प हैं, इसका यह अर्थ कदापि नहीं है कि उनमें से किसी को भी ठीक होना ही होगा) – 2022
Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it. -2018
Truth is lived, not taught -1996
When money speaks, the truth is silent. -1995
Search for truth can only be a spiritual problem. -2002
The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining (छप्पर मरम्मत करने का समय तभी होता है, जब धूप खिली हुई हो) – 2022
You cannot step twice in the same river (आप उसी नदी में दोबारा नहीं उतर सकते) – 2022
Discipline means success, anarchy means ruin -2008
Youth is a blunder, manhood a struggle, old age a regret -1994
If youth knew, if age could. -2002
Youth culture today. -1999
Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India? -2014
Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic. (- दूरदर्शी निर्णय तभी लिए जाते है अंतर्ज्ञान और तर्क का परस्पर मेल होता है।) – 2023
Not all who wander are lost. (- भटकने वाले सभी गुम नहीं हो जाते।) – 2023
Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane (- रचनात्मकता की प्रेरणा अलौकिक ता में चमत्कार ढूंढने के प्रयास से उपजति है) – 2023
A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for (जहाज बन्दरगाह के भीतर सुरक्षित होता है, परन्तु इसके लिए तो वह होता नहीं है) – 2022
Quick but steady wins the race. -2015
Useless life is an early death. -1994
Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds. -1995
The paths of glory lead but to the grave. -2002
The pursuit of excellence. -2001

5 Women empowerment

Greater political power alone will not improve women’s plight. -1997
Women’s reservation bill would usher in empowerment for women in India. -2006
The new emerging women power: the ground realities. -1995
Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. -2021
If women ruled the world -2005
The hand that rocks the cradle -2005
Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality (पितृ-सत्ता की व्यवस्था नजर मैं बहुत काम आने के बावजूद सामाजिक विषमता की सबसे प्रभावी संरचना है) -2020
Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth. -2017
If development is not engendered, it is endangered. -2016
Whither women’s emancipation? -2004
Empowerment alone cannot help our women. -2001
Women empowerment: challenges and prospects. -1999
Woman is god’s best creation. -1998
Men have failed: let women take over. -1993
Managing work and home – is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal ?-2012

6 International issues, Internal Security, History

South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities. -2019
Modernisation and westernisation are not identical concepts. -1994
‘globalization’ vs. ‘nationalism’ -2009
National identity and patriotism -2008
Globalizations and its impact on Indian culture. -2004
The masks of new imperialism. -2003
As civilization advances culture declines. -2003
The implications of globalization for India. -2000
My vision of an ideal world order. -2001
India’s contribution to world wisdom. -1998
The world of the twenty-first century. -1998
Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role. -2010
Technology as the silent factor in international relations (अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संबंधों मैं मौन करक के रूप मैं प्रौद्योगिकी) -2020
Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world ? -2017
Restructuring of UNO reflect present realities -1996
The global order: political and economic -1993
India’s role in promoting ASEAN co-operation. -2004
Importance of Indo-US nuclear agreement -2006
Management of Indian border dispute is a complex task. -2018
In the Indian context , both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism -2011
Are we a ‘soft’ state ? -2009
Good fences make good neighbours -2009
Is autonomy the best answer to combat balkanization? -2007
Terrorism and world peace -2005
True religion cannot be misused. -1997
History repeats itself, first as tragedy, second as farce. -2021
Geography may remain the same ; history need not. -2010

7 Science-Technology

Spirituality and scientific temper. -2003
Science and Mysticism : Are they compatible ?-2012
What is research, but a blind date with knowledge! -2021
Modern technological education and human values. -2002
Value-based science and education. -1999
The march of science and the erosion of human values. -2001
The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. -2021
Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling. -2019
‘Social media’ is inherently a selfish medium. -2017
Cyberspace and Internet : Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run -2016
Increasing computerization would lead to the creation of a dehumanized society. -2006
The cyberworld: its charms and challenges. -2000
Computer: the harbinger of silent revolution. -1993
Technology cannot replace manpower. -2015
Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation-2013
The modern doctor and his patients. -1997
The lure of space. -2004

Section-A (write any one)

Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team. (- सोच एक खेल की तरह है, यह तब तक शुरू नहीं होता है जब तक कि एक विपरीत टीम/पक्ष न हो।)
Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic. (- दूरदर्शी निर्णय तभी लिए जाते है अंतर्ज्ञान और तर्क का परस्पर मेल होता है।)
Not all who wander are lost. (- भटकने वाले सभी गुम नहीं हो जाते।)
Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane (- रचनात्मकता की प्रेरणा अलौकिक ता में चमत्कार ढूंढने के प्रयास से उपजति है)

Section-B (write any one)

Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines. (-लड़कियां बंदिशों के तथा लड़के अपेक्षा के बोझ तले दबे हुए होते हैं दोनों ही समान रूप से हानिकारक व्यवस्थाएं हैं।)
Mathematics is the music of reason. (- गणित ज्ञान का संगीत है।)
A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity. (- जिस समाज में अधिक न्याय होता है उस समाज को दान की कम आवश्यकता होती है।)

Answer one-one essay from each section in 1000-1200 words

History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man (इतिहास वैज्ञानिक मनुष्य के रूमानी मनुष्य पर विजय हासिल करने का एक सिलसिला है।) – 2022
A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for (जहाज बन्दरगाह के भीतर सुरक्षित होता है, परन्तु इसके लिए तो वह होता नहीं है) & 2022
Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right (केवल इसलिए कि आपके पास विकल्प हैं, इसका यह अर्थ कदापि नहीं है कि उनमें से किसी को भी ठीक होना ही होगा) – 2022

Essay: Candidates may be required to write essays on multiple topics. They will be expected to keep closely to the subject of the essay to arrange their ideas in orderly fashion, and to write concisely. Credit will be given for effective and exact expression.

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Prelims Preparation

The UPSC essay paper is one of the nine papers for the IAS main exam. With this, the scores obtained in the UPSC essay topics will also be considered in the merit list. Hence, it is important to cover all the aspects of the UPSC essay syllabus .

In this paper, candidates need to write two essays, each with a word limit of 1000-1200 words. Moreover, they are required to choose one IAS essay topic out of the four options in each section i.e. A and B.

The UPSC essay paper is conducted for 250 marks with one essay UPSC paper for 125 marks. Therefore, aspirants should use the best books and strategies to excel in this section.

In this article, we have compiled all the details of the UPSC IAS essay for the candidates aspiring for the upcoming civil services exam.

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UPSC Essay Paper 2023 Structure

As per the UPSC exam pattern , the essay paper is one of the nine subjects in the civil services main exam. In this paper, aspirants need to write essays on assigned UPSC essay topics .
Candidates should practice writing essays on multiple topics in order to learn how to arrange their ideas and execute the same in the proper order.
Furthermore, the UPSC essay paper will carry 250 marks with an exam duration of 3 hours.

UPSC Essay Previous Year Papers

The previous year’s UPSC essay paper is one of the finest resources to prepare well for this section. This will strengthen their vocabulary and writing skills and also provide them insights into the type of essay topics UPSC asked over the years.

Hence, we have compiled below the official UPSC essay previous paper PDF link for 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018 for the reference of the candidates.

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Best Strategy for UPSC Essay Writing

UPSC essays must be well-formatted and presented in a manner that the readers can easily understand without any obstacles. Above all, it must include the ideas about the issue mentioned in the question.

Candidates must note that the general essay papers also play an important role in compensating for the less scores in general studies and optional papers. Hence, it is advisable to focus on improving the vocabulary and writing skills from the first leg of the preparation.

Let’s look at the best strategy to score high marks in the UPSC essay topics in the main exam.

Go through the entire UPSC essay syllabus to cover all the aspects of the section.
Build a habit of reading newspaper editorials and journals every day. Going by the trend analysis, it is found that many essay questions were asked directly from current affairs in the past few years.
Next, note down relevant quotes from the books/magazines/journal and implement them whenever required in the essay writing.
Focus on IAS essay topics related to democracy, environment/urbanization, judiciary, social justice/poverty, philosophies, media & society, education, economic sector, etc as questions can be asked from these topics.
Pick the essay topic very carefully. Also, it is advised to take some time to think about the topic and collect ideas and thoughts.
One should make sure that the essay comprises sections like introduction, main body, theme, and conclusion.
Moreover, aspirants can also reach out to their mentors, experts, seniors, or teachers for feedback on their essay writing. This will allow them to recognize their mistakes and focus more on their weak points for effective preparation.

Read More: How to write an essay for UPSC here!

Best Books for UPSC Essay Writing

Along with the best UPSC essay strategy , aspirants should also choose the finest books that comprise multiple essay topics UPSC for the exam. Here, we have shared below the best books and resources to strengthen the preparation of the general essay section:

Monthly Current Affairs Magazines by OnlyIAS
Only IAS Yogana Magazine
Only IAS Praarambh Post-Independence India
Only IAS Kurukshetra Magazine
Only IAS Praarmabh Indian Society
The Hindu (editorial articles)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1. How to score 150 in UPSC essay?

Ans. One can score 150 marks on the UPSC essay paper by managing time effectively throughout the exam and avoiding any kind of deviation from the topic.

Q2. What are the topics for UPSC essay?

Ans. Some of the important IAS essay topics include democracy, environment/urbanization, judiciary, social justice/poverty, philosophies, media & society, education, economic sector, etc

Q3. What is essay paper 1 in UPSC?

Ans. The UPSC essay paper 1 is one of the nine papers for the IAS main exam. In this paper, candidates need to write two essays, each with a word limit of 1000-1200 words. The maximum mark is 250 with a duration of 3 hours.

Q4. Is UPSC essay tough?

Ans. Yes, the UPSC essay paper is moderately tough as per the past year’s exam analysis. However, it also depends on the aspirant knowledge of the topic.

Q5. How many pages is 1,000 words in UPSC?

Ans. 2 pages single-spaced or 4 pages double-spaced is about 1000 words in UPSC.

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Table of Contents

Essay (UPSC Mains) – Previous Year Questions

Thinking is like a game; it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.
Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.
Not all who wander are lost.
Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane.
Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands — two equally harmful disciplines.
Mathematics is the Music of Reason.
A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity.
Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school.

Value based / Ethical Issues

A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities.
Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

Philosophical

The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.
You can not step twice in the same river.
A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for.

Miscellaneous / Mixed

Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence. (Environment / Economics)
Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world ( Literature / Socio-political-economic impacts)
History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man ( History / Values / Philosophy)
Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.
Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.
The real is rational and the rational is real.
Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

History / Culture

History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.

Science and Technology

What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!
There are better practices to “best practices”. ( Multiple Themes )
The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. ( Philosophy / Technology)
Life is long journey between human being and being humane.
Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self.
Ships do not sink because of water around them; ships sink because of water that gets into them.
Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.

Social Issues

There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless.
Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
Technology as the silent factor in international relations ( Technology / International Relation ).
Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be.
Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success.
Wisdom finds truth.
South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities.
Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society.
Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness.

Science & Technology

Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling.
Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy.
A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.
A people that value its privileges above its principles lose both.
“The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values.
Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life.
Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it.
Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere.

Environment

Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.

IR & Security

Management of Indian border disputes – a complex task.
Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth.
Social media is inherently a selfish medium Domain.
Has the Non- Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multi-polar world Domain.
Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India Domain. ( Agriculture )
Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India Domain.
Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.

Polity & Governance

We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws Domain.
Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed.
If development is not engendered, it is endangered.
Cyberspace and internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run Domain.
Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms.
Water disputes between states in federal India Domain.
Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality India.
Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. ( Technology / Economy)
Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare Domain. ( Technology / Economy / Social Sector)
Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.
Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
Quick but steady wins the race.
Technology cannot replace manpower.
Can capitalism bring inclusive growth?
Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil. ( Education / Ethics)
Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. ( Morality / Economics)
With greater power comes greater responsibility.
Words are sharper than the two-edged sword.
Is sting operation an invasion on privacy?
Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?
Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India?
Is the growing level of competition good for the youth?
Are the standardized tests, good measure of academic ability or progress?
Dreams which should not let India sleep. ( Multiple themes )
Fifty Gold’s in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India? ( Sports / Governance )
Be the change you want to see in others – Gandhiji
Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation.
GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the well-being of a country.
Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s Success? ( History / Culture / Growth & Development / Ethics )

General Studies

All Programmes

Study Material

UPSC Essay Topics - Important Essay Topics for UPSC Mains 2023

By vajiram & ravi.

Essay Course for UPSC

UPSC CSE Mains 2023 Essay Question Paper

UPSC Mains Optional Test Series

Mentorship Program for UPSC 2024

Understanding UPSC Essay Topics holds significant importance as it evaluates the candidate's ability to analyse, present arguments, and communicate effectively. In this article, we will explore the diverse range of UPSC essay topics, their significance, and essential tips to excel in this section. Get ready to enhance your writing and analytical skills and make a strong impression on the evaluators with well-crafted essays.

UPSC Essay Paper

The Essay paper in the UPSC Mains examination requires candidates to write multiple essays , each on a different topic, chosen from a given list of options. The essay topics for UPSC cover a wide range of issues, including social, economic, political, cultural, and philosophical aspects, both national and international.

The essay paper holds significant weightage in the UPSC Mains examination, contributing 250 marks out of the total 1750 marks . Scoring well in this section can have a considerable impact on the overall ranking and selection for the coveted civil services.

Weekly UPSC Essay Topics By Vajiram & Ravi

The UPSC Essay Paper is an opportunity for candidates to demonstrate their proficiency in expressing ideas and analysing complex issues. Vajiram & Ravi Pensive-Weekly Essay Writing Programme provides you with two Essay Topics every Saturday based on the previous year's question papers and the changing trends analysis. You can submit your Essay for peer evaluation on vajiramandravi.com. This will help you nourish your writing skills, give you clarity of thought, and build the capacity to express opinions in a logical and coherent manner.

Important Essay Topics for UPSC 2023

The purpose of the essay paper is to assess the candidate's ability to critically analyse a topic, present well-structured arguments, and communicate their ideas effectively. It also evaluates their knowledge of various issues, their clarity of thought, and their capacity to express opinions in a logical and coherent manner.

Some of the Important Essay Topics to prepare for the UPSC Mains Examination 2023 are:

Gender Equality
Environment/Urbanization
Economic Growth
Federalism/Decentralization
Agriculture
Economics

UPSC Essay Topics on Philosophy

Every year, UPSC typically provides you with two or more essay topics centred around philosophical thoughts, Indian philosophical schools, or quotes from notable personalities. To effectively address these philosophical topics, you should refer to Philosophy Books to gain a foundational understanding. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Philosophy :

Everything comes to him, who hustles while he waits.
We are always blind as we want to be.
You cannot step twice in the same river.
A disciplined mind brings happiness.
The price of Greatness is Responsibility.
People would rather Believe than Know.
Mind - A beautiful Servant? Or a dangerous Master?

UPSC Essay Topics on Art and Culture

The UPSC Essay Topics related to Indian society, art, and culture cover a wide range of subjects, offering great diversity. To gain knowledge about the static content on these topics, you should rely on fundamental books on society, as recommended for the exam. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Indian Art and Culture :

Culture changes with economic development.
Culture is what we are, Civilization is what we have.
Social reform is a myth if places of worship are open only to all castes and not to all genders.
Impact of Globalization on Indian Art and Culture.
Caste System - India’s Enduring Curse.
Godmen - A Threat to Indian Art and Culture?

UPSC Essay Topics on Science and Technology

UPSC essay topics on Science and Technology can largely be addressed through current affairs. You may also benefit from consulting a Science and Technology Book for UPSC to compose a comprehensive and well-rounded essay. Here are some UPSC Essay Topics on Science and Technology:

Deglobalisation is good for the world.
Science is organised Knowledge. Wisdom is Organised life.
Technology is a Weapon against Poverty.
Prioritising Education Technology for Global Growth.
Technology is the silent factor in International Relations.
Scientific and Technological Progress cannot be equated with Human Progress.

UPSC Essay Topics on Education

Education stands as one of the preferred UPSC Essay Topics, with an essay related to this subject often appearing in the paper each year. To tackle this topic effectively, you should stay abreast of Current Affairs , incorporating significant changes and advancements in the field. Let's explore some of the Essay topics for UPSC centred around education:

Self Education is a lifelong curiosity.
Education Breeds Peace.
Education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance.
Education must also train one for quick, resolute and effective thinking.
Schooling is not Education.

UPSC Essay Topics on Polity and Governance

To comprehensively address Polity and Governance topics, you should acquire fundamental knowledge from Polity Books for UPSC and Current Affairs. These resources offer static information about relevant issues and their historical context, which proves valuable while writing UPSC Essay Topics on Polity. Here are some Essay Topics on Polity and Governance:

The Role of Politics in Development.
Should Youth in India Consider Politics as a Career?
Art, Freedom and Creativity will change society faster than politics.
The politics of Identity is the Politics of the Weak.
People should not be afraid of their Government. The Government should be afraid of its people.
Government Surveillance - Good or Bad?

UPSC Essay Topics on Economy

Essays concerning economic growth are frequently included in the Essay Paper. To tackle these topics effectively, you should refer to Economy Notes for UPSC to gain a comprehensive understanding. Once the fundamentals are grasped, you can enhance their essays by incorporating examples, data, and statistics to create a multidimensional perspective. Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics on Economy:

We don't have to sacrifice a Strong Economy for a Healthy Environment.
India, a $5 trillion Economy - Dream or Reality?
Digital Economy: A leveller or a source of Economic Inequality?
Innovation is the key determinant of social welfare and economic growth.
Labour Reforms in India and its Role in Economic Growth.

UPSC Essay Topics on Social Issues

Social issues are a significant aspect of the UPSC essay paper, reflecting the candidates' understanding of societal challenges and their ability to propose viable solutions. These essays provide a platform for candidates to analyse, critique, and suggest measures for pressing social concerns. Topics related to social issues in the UPSC Essay paper may include:

Inclusivity and Plurality are the hallmarks of a Peaceful Society.
A Gender-sensitive Indian Society is a prerequisite for Women and Child Empowerment.
The weaker sections of Indian Society - are their Rights and Access to Justice getting Better?

Previous Year UPSC Essay Topics

Practising previous year's essay topics will help you become familiar with the UPSC exam pattern , word limit, and the types of essay questions frequently asked in the Mains Examination. Analysing past essay topics will also allow you to identify recurring themes and trends, enabling you to prioritise their preparation accordingly. Regular practice with past essay topics will instil confidence in you, helping you feel more comfortable and prepared for the actual exam.

Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence.
Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world.
History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man.
A ship in the harbour is safe, but that is not what a ship is for.
The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining.
A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities.
Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right.

Tips to Excel in UPSC Essay Paper

Understand the Topics: Thoroughly comprehend the essay topics, including the keywords and instructions. Choose a topic that aligns with your strengths and interests.
Plan and Structure: Devote some time to plan your essay. Create an outline and organise your thoughts in a structured manner, with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion.
Be Objective: Present balanced arguments and avoid a biased or one-sided approach. Consider multiple perspectives and present a holistic view.
Provide Examples and Evidence: Support your arguments with relevant examples, data, quotes and evidence to strengthen your essay.
Maintain Clarity: Write in a clear and concise manner. Use simple language and avoid jargon or overly complex vocabulary.
Practice Regularly: Regular practice is essential to improve Essay writing skills. Write essays on diverse topics to enhance your versatility.
Time Management: Allocate appropriate time for planning, writing, and revising each essay to manage time effectively during the examination.
Revise and Edit: Review your essays for coherence, grammar, and structure. Make necessary edits to refine your work.

FAQs on UPSC Essay Topics

What are the important UPSC Essay Topics?

Here is a list of UPSC Essay Topics asked in Mains Examination previously:

Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.
Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
What is research but a blind date with knowledge?
Best for an individual is not necessarily best for society.
Wisdom finds truth.
Ships don’t sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them.
Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
Technology as the silent factor in international relations.

How do I Prepare for the UPSC Essay?

To prepare for the UPSC essay, focus on understanding the essay syllabus and past topics to identify recurring themes. Regularly practise writing essays on various topics to improve your writing skills and time management. Structure your essays with a clear introduction, main body, and conclusion.

Which is the best source to practise UPSC Essay Topics?

The best sources to prepare Essay for UPSC include official UPSC materials, newspapers, and magazines like The Hindu, Yojana , and Kurukshetra for current affairs, standard books on diverse subjects, government reports and publications, online platforms like PIB and PRS India, UPSC previous year papers for understanding the exam pattern, and regular practice of essay writing on various topics.

Essay on Artificial Intelligence UPSC

Why is an essay on Artificial Intelligence UPSC relevant?

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an increasingly important part of the modern world. Artificial Intelligence is what we can call the stimulation of human intelligence onto machines. In this boom of technological revolution, we are left to wonder if natural intelligence matters anymore.

Quite often AI is misunderstood and misrepresented as something powerful and dangerous. As aware citizens who see the possibility of technology development and innovation through AI, it is essential that we understand what AI really is and isn’t.

Here we will look at artificial intelligence, including how it can be used, the components that makeup AI, and its impact on our daily lives. This article will help you design and write an essay on artificial intelligence UPSC style. The first step to writing an Artificial Intelligence essay UPSC level is to define what AI is.

Read on to familiarize yourself with the term AI.

Artificial Intelligence (AI): What Exactly Is It?

Ai vs machine learning, what characteristics does ai have, artificial intelligence developments around the world, why artificial intelligence is beneficial, artificial intelligence in india: challenges.

Ways to Harness AI's Power

FAQs On Artificial Intelligence

What is the 4.0 industrial revolution, is ai the beginning of the industrial revolution 4.0, state 2 examples of ai., what is the future of artificial intelligence, what are the potential risks and concerns with artificial intelligence.

John McCarthy coined the term “artificial intelligence” in 1956 at the Dartmouth conference, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

The most prevalent misconception about artificial intelligence (AI) is that it refers to robots that perform monotonous repetitive tasks and behave like humans.

However, this isn’t quite accurate. The ability of machines (computers) to accomplish cognitive functions usually related to the human brain is referred to as artificial intelligence (AI), like learning, planning, and problem-solving (in other words, many human intelligence processes)all without any explicit programming from humans or any kind of human interaction!

Now that we have defined and understood what AI is, let us explore what AI does, how it is of use today along with what the future holds in store. We can also show the difference between two technologies in the same domain in our Artificial Intelligence UPSC essay.

Both AI and machine learning go hand in hand. However, their difference is significant. The scope of these two technologies is the fundamental difference between these two advancements of technology.

Artificial Intelligence(AI) refers to computer systems that can do activities that would ordinarily need human intelligence.
Machine learning refers to systems that are not explicitly intended for a certain activity but do include some amount of learning.

People frequently confuse which of these two technologies is superior when using them. While deep learning and machine learning are both powerful technologies, the former comprises neural networks that require human intervention to optimize results.

Human specialists determine the hierarchy of features and distinguishing qualities of data in traditional machine learning. To streamline the learning process, humans create labels for the data. Deep learning also relies on labeled data. This way, the system learns to differentiate objects based on their characteristics via a Machine Learning algorithm.

Now we know what AI is and isn’t. This basic knowledge will not suffice for a UPSC-level essay on Artificial Intelligence. To make the examiner understand more about our extent of knowledge in the subject matter, we can also list out features in our Artificial Intelligence UPSC essay.

Also Read: How To Write An Essay In UPSC Mains

Computer programs have a natural tendency to look for patterns and predict the outcome of future situations. As these patterns emerge, computer programs can be categorized as “intelligent.”

An AI-based system is also capable of learning, which means that it can adapt to new conditions. In addition, it will be capable to integrate changes in its algorithm, allowing it to take more actions based on its learning process.

Ultimately, these systems will become as intelligent as humans, enabling them to become digital assistants and further replace human workers in many industries.

The foundation of AI is built on the notion of human intelligence. AI aims to simulate human cognitive activity by mimicking human behavior. The ability of an artificial system to learn and perform tasks better than humans is a key component of AI.

For example, a robot can use fuzzy logic to solve unfamiliar tasks. Likewise, it can apply knowledge from one domain to another.

While researchers and developers are making great strides in developing AI, there are also plenty of skeptics in the field. The issue of replaceability and unchecked power is a fear that strikes most minds.

Nevertheless, the developments in the Artificial Intelligence field and the discussions it is launching are a must-know for all UPSC aspirants. Discussing current affairs in our Artificial Intelligence UPSC essay can make it stand out and highlight our level of awareness about the subject.

The societal and economic advantages of implemented AI are well-acknowledged around the world.

In contrast to China and Japan, which have allowed existing ministries to adopt AI in their various sectoral areas, many nations have established specialized government offices, such as the Ministry of AI in the United Arab Emirates and the Office of AI and AI Council in the United Kingdom.

While the world is still in its infancy, global developments in AI will be an increasingly important factor for economic growth. China forecasts that artificial intelligence would contribute 26% of its GDP by 2030, while the U.K. estimates that AI will contribute 10%.

France and Japan recently released AI strategies, and the U.K. published an industrial strategy in November. As AI tools improve, we can expect to see these countries continue to push the boundaries of this field.

In addition, NITI Aayog has released National AI Strategy Discussion Paper to provide guidance on the research and development of new and developing technologies. On August 24, 2017, Task forces (i.e., a working group) on artificial intelligence were formed.

Artificial intelligence can add significant value to a wide number of industries around the world, and It is expected to be a significant source of competitive advantage for businesses. Along with the advantages, listing out the challenges can be a good way to steer the Artificial Intelligence UPSC essay forward.

Artificial Intelligence can increase the calculation power of conventional computers. AI processes are usually self-learning, so they can work continuously without any rest. This can greatly increase the competitive edge of a company.

Furthermore, AI can predict the future and anticipate what people will need in a variety of fields. This can help in planning infrastructure and decision-making.

In addition, AI can be programmed to identify threats to human life. It is not yet clear how AI will impact the future of our society, however, it has the capacity to transform the way we live.

Listed below are some of its advantages:

AI is the only solution to avoid human errors . AI technology isn’t susceptible to human error or discrepancies from human interactions. AI is trained to avoid human errors, allowing it to detect and correct mistakes without human assistance. Unlike human doctors, AI-enabled intelligent machines don’t depend on the mood of their operators, allowing them to focus on solving a particular case instead of focusing on a complex problem. For example, Google’s DeepMind can diagnose severe eye diseases as accurately as world-class doctors. Additionally, it can recommend the best treatment in 94% of cases.
Another advantage of AI is that it’s highly scalable. Instead of being limited by the human brain, AI can integrate itself with scalable intelligent systems, from cell phones to supercomputers. The scalable nature of AI also allows it to perform tasks of varying complexity. Further, AI can improve the decision-making process thereby increasing productivity. Therefore, companies can benefit from AI for convenience, reducing the time required for data analysis.
In the Healthcare sector, it is used to provide accurate diagnosis way before the disease reaches its acute phase.
The use of AI in the education domain is expected to improve access to quality education and improve crowd management . It makes rewarding marks and grading automated and time-efficient.
AI applications are also advancing the way we live and work , making it easier to manage our cities. For example, artificial intelligence can help improve traffic flow and power balancing, making it easier to monitor power outages.
AI is already being used in the retail sector , with applications including personalized suggestions, image-based product search, and customer demand anticipation. AI guarantees smart mobility as well as improved supply chain management and delivery processes. Aside from improving customer service, AI applications can also be beneficial for retailers to monitor and prevent potential problems. It can also detect broken products and defective objects, notifying the responsible person.
Many industries are integrating AI into their products to improve their performance. In the advertising world, AI is used to track user statistics and to show advertisements relevant to their interests . The manufacturing sector utilizes AI in its intelligent robots to hasten the automation process and better quality control.
Similarly, in the agricultural community, AI is used to help buyers choose products . AI can also be used to reduce crop losses by building modern machines to provide advisories for sowing or monitor weather and diseases to avoid future mishaps. This in turn will increase crop yield.
The e-commerce industry is incorporating artificial intelligence to make purchases and communication easier and more efficient.
Innovations in gaming are also possible through AI . Technological innovation in strategic games like chess where artificial intelligence can control the opponent’s computer and even play the game for them using neural networks is an example of this.

These futuristic innovations and systems are growing in popularity in the market, but only a few professionals are working on building them. For this reason, there is an increasing demand for AI professionals in the market. However, despite the great potential for AI, it is essential to find a job with this skill set to be successful.

We can finish our Artificial Intelligence UPSC essay by listing out the challenge and what we think can be the way forward. This will show the examiner your opinion on the subject and your problem-solving skills.

Implementing AI tools in Indian educational institutions is a challenge, especially in India, where educational institutions often lack data. Most don’t have an ERP in place and thus can’t pull data in a uniform format. Without such data, AI tools cannot accurately predict student performance.

Additionally, the current lack of data sets makes it impossible to create a single repository to train AI models. Consequently, the implementation of AI is slow and difficult.

Regardless of its promise to propel national progress and wealth, AI in India faces several barriers. Listed below are some of the most significant hiccups, which should be solved before the technology is fully adopted and embraced in the country.

There is a lack of communication and collaboration between many stakeholders which hinders a natural developmental progression.
Concerns about d ata privacy and security , as well as a lack of formal regulation regarding data anonymization.
Lack of awareness about AI. The vast majority of Indians have no idea what Artificial Intelligence (AI) is or how it operates, and the benefits it may provide for businesses, governments, and individuals. This is mainly because AI is only just beginning to enter mainstream consciousness in other countries too.
Difficulty with adoption is a reality. Indian businesses generally lack the resources required to implement AI systems and complex machines. For example, many companies don’t have enough data scientists on their teams to analyze customer data and build algorithms that can predict future events based on historical data sets.
Another setback is the lack of resources and resource costs . There is a shortage of trained professionals who are proficient in Artificial Intelligence techniques like machine learning and deep learning(a subset of machine learning). As a result, organizations are unable to hire people with relevant skill sets or develop in-house talent quickly enough to keep up with the competition.
Computing infrastructure is scarce and generates huge costs, making it difficult to build, train, and deploy AI-based services. Despite its rapid growth, cloud infrastructure has limited capabilities.

These were some of the current issues with AI-based systems in India. Let’s look at what can be the best way forward.

Ways to Harness AI’s Power

Consider Examarly to prepare for UPSC holistically. You will find everything from personalized study strategy to curated study resources under one umbrella, here.

AI has many benefits in our everyday lives, but it is not without its downsides. Many observers are concerned that AI will create an unequal share of the benefits and risks of technological advancement. Some countries will benefit greatly from AI, while other countries will suffer as they do not have the same resources as developed nations.

The developing world is also concerned that AI will reduce the demand for labor and natural resources. This could negatively impact the welfare of workers, and ultimately lower equilibrium wages and welfare.

We expect that India’s “AI for All” agenda emphasizes ethical AI and results in large-scale AI solutions in order to make India a larger ecosystem for AI and a dependable country to which the rest of the world may outsource AI-related work. AI systems created in India will help the entire planet.

Many people believe that AI-based applications will take their sweet time to master the human language and control the human race. Yet, AI is developing at an incredibly fast rate, which is causing some people to worry and have nightmares of a robotic army. This powerful technology can easily grow out of control and become too powerful for human use.

The emergence of complete artificial intelligence, according to Stephen Hawkins, may mean the extinction of the human race.

While this technology will undoubtedly benefit humans, it could also endanger society by increasing the wealth gap. Further, AI could be used for nefarious purposes, including autonomous weapons and malicious AI systems. Thus, the use of AI is only a step in a path that is yet to be disclosed.

Taking an ethical yet progressive approach to this social transformation is commendable while writing the essay on Artificial Intelligence in your UPSC exam. Prepare for UPSC with Examarly and to maximize your chances of acing the prelims. Check out Examarly for the best Civil Service study materials.

How advanced people live and work is changing as a result of revolutionary trends and technology like robotics, the Internet-Of-things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), and artificial intelligence. The fourth industrial revolution is referred to as this. The incorporation of these technologies into industrial procedures is termed “Industry 4.0.”

A number of scientific and technological sectors have seen substantial advancements thanks to artificial intelligence (AI), also referred to as the 4.0 Industrial Revolution.

1. By processing human language rather than computer language, computer software is said to be performing natural language processing (NLP). Consider spam detection, which determines whether an email is rubbish by examining the subject line and the email’s body. 2. Making a system or a group of processes run without human involvement is known as robotic process automation. Robots can be taught to carry out repetitive, elevated operations that would often be carried out manually, and they differ from IT standardization in that they can change course quickly in response to changing conditions.

The future of AI is uncertain, but it is likely that it will continue to play an increasingly important role in many aspects of our lives. It may also lead to the development of new technologies and industries, as well as new ethical and societal challenges.

One of the main concerns with AI is the potential for it to automate jobs and increase unemployment. Additionally, there are concerns about privacy and the ethical implications of AI, such as bias and discrimination in decision-making.

Article 305 Of The Indian Constitution

Article 62 of the Indian Constitution

Alternative Career Options For UPSC Aspirants

Article 102 Of The Indian Constitution

Education News

10 days to UPSC Prelims 2024: Score above 100 in CSAT with these exam strategies

Visual Stories

By Matthew Mpoke Bigg

May 30, 2024

Israel’s announcement on Wednesday that its forces had gained control over a strip of land that runs along the Gaza Strip's southern border suggested that it had fulfilled one of the goals of the country’s war against Hamas, but it portends further isolation for Palestinians in the enclave.

Here’s a look at the importance of the border strip to Israel, to Palestinians and to Egypt:

What is the border strip?

It is land around 100 yards wide that runs roughly eight miles from Israel’s border to the Mediterranean. The new border, which divided the city of Rafah, was set up under the Egypt-Israel peace treaty of 1979. To the northeast is Gaza, while Egypt lies to the southwest. Egyptian border guards have been policing the land under an agreement with Israel made in 2005 when Israeli forces withdrew from Gaza. The Israelis used the code name Philadelphi for the strip, while Egyptian officials call it Salah Al Din.

Why does it matter to Israel?

Senior Israeli officials had set control of the strip, which in Israel is called the Philadelphi Corridor, as a military objective. Hamas had dug tunnels beneath the strip — some wide enough for trucks, according to military experts — and used them to smuggle weapons and personnel into Gazan territory.

“This is the way they can get in and out without asking the Israelis,” said Ahron Bregman, a political scientist and expert in Middle East security issues at King’s College in London, who is a former Israeli military officer. Unless the tunnels are blocked, he said in a previous interview, Hamas could rebuild its military capacity after the war.

Why does it matter to Egypt?

During other regional conflicts, Egypt has opened its borders to refugees, but the government of President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi fears that if Palestinian civilians crossed the border to escape the war they could destabilize the country and become a drag on its economy.

The government also sees Hamas as an adversary and does not want to give it a foothold in Egypt. Hamas began as an offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood, an Islamist movement that was closely linked to the government that Mr. el-Sisi overthrew in 2013. His government has suppressed the Muslim Brotherhood since taking power.

Egypt has warned Israel to avoid doing anything that might force Gazans across the border or threaten a landmark peace agreement signed by the two countries in 1979.

For decades before the war, Egypt stationed guards along the Gaza border. It reinforced those forces after the Oct. 7 Hamas-led assault on Israel that set off the current fighting in Gaza.

Why does it matter to Palestinians?

Egypt is the only country other than Israel that borders Gaza, so Israel’s control of the corridor is likely to be viewed by Palestinians as a sign of increasing isolation.

At the same time, the tunnels have been used by Egyptian and Palestinian merchants to bring food and other goods into Gaza. Israeli control of the strip will likely halt that underground trade.

Matthew Mpoke Bigg is a London-based reporter on the Live team at The Times, which covers breaking and developing news. More about Matthew Mpoke Bigg

Our Coverage of the Israel-Hamas War

News and Analysis

After a barrage from Hezbollah militants on northern Israel, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu threatened a “very intense” military response.

Even as Hamas and Israel appear to be inching closer to a cease-fire agreement, analysts are skeptical that the sides will ever implement a deal that goes beyond a temporary truce.

Some Gazans are urging Hamas to accept a cease-fire plan outlined by President Biden, but many remain deeply skeptical that the United States, as Israel’s chief ally, would truly bring an end to the war.

Columbia Law School: The website of the Columbia Law Review was taken offline by its board of directors after its editors published an article arguing Palestinians are living under a “brutally sophisticated structure of oppression” by Israel that is a crime against humanity.

A Debate at Holocaust Museums: The Israel-Hamas war has also forced Holocaust museums to confront one of the most emotional and divisive issues within the Jewish community: how to discuss the Israeli-Palestinian conflict .

In the West Bank: Since the war in Gaza began, armed Jewish settlers in the Israeli-occupied territory, often accompanied by the army, have stepped up seizures of land long used by Palestinians .

A Fateful Encounter: In an Israeli prison infirmary, a Jewish dentist came to the aid of a desperately ill Hamas inmate. Years later, the prisoner became a mastermind of the Oct. 7 attack .

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The Insights IAS Secure Initiative for UPSC Mains Answer Writing practice enables you to practice daily answer writing, enhancing your skills and boosting your scores with regular feedback, expert tips, and strategies. Let consistency be the hallmark of your preparation and utilize UPSC Mains Answer Writing practice initiative wisely

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How to self-evaluate your answer , mission – 2024: yearlong timetable, join ipm 4.0 to get an assured review of 2 secure answers everyday, general studies – 1.

Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution , world wars , redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization , political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.

1. The Cold War was a multifaceted conflict that extended far beyond military confrontations, shaping the global landscape across various fields and having a profound impact in the process. Analyse. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question: The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1. Key Demand of the question: To write about different arenas (Korea, Vietnam, etc.) of the cold war. Apart from these different arenas, mention the different fields (ex: space race, sports) in which the cold war played out. Directive: Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. Structure of the answer: Introduction: Begin your answer by writing briefly what the primary cause of the cold war was. Body: First write about the “hot” aspects of the war, the different places where the two superpowers technically battled each other (Korea, Vietnam etc.). Proceed to write about the different fields in which the cold war ended up playing out – sports, space race, weapons race etc. Write about the impact of the above. Conclusion: You can conclude by summarising.

Topic: urbanization, their problems and their remedies.

2. India’s steady decline in freshwater resources presents a significant challenge for urban centres. However, treated and reused wastewater can serve as a highly valuable resource, mitigating pressure on existing freshwater resources and enhancing the quality of rivers and aquifers. Analyse. (250 words)

Reference: The Print , Insights on India

Why the question: A prolonged and record-breaking heatwave has led to a water crisis in Delhi, forcing authorities to crack down on water wastage and impose fines. This is not the first Indian city this year to face water scarcity; Bengaluru and Pune have already borne the brunt of it. Key Demand of the question: To write about the measures needed to overcome water stress in the country and role of treated and reused wastewater in the above. Directive word: Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. Structure of the answer: Introduction: Begin by defining and giving the status of water stress in India. Cite a statistic of show the level of water stress in the country, Body: First, write about the impact of water stress on the quantitative as well as qualitative aspect of fresh water and how it will impact us. Next, write about role of treated and reused wastewater – reduces pressure on freshwater sources, improves river and aquifer quality, and brings economic and environmental benefits. Next, write about the limitations of treated and reused wastewater – nfrastructure development, public acceptance, and technical considerations etc. Conclusion: Conclude with a way forward.

General Studies – 2

Topic: Parliament and State legislatures —structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.

3. In the context of India, both coalition governments and single-party majority governments have their own sets of advantages and disadvantages. Which type of government do you believe is more suited for India in the present day? State your own opinion.

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: The Hindu , Live Mint

Why the question: The 2024 Lok Sabha election result, which has left the BJP with less than a majority of seats, will likely lead to changes — not just in terms of how the coalition, if it fructifies in governmental terms, is run, but also in the internal dynamics of the BJP. Key Demand of the question: To write about pros and cons of coalition governments and single-party majority governments and your opinion of better suited government for India. Structure of the answer: Introduction: Begin by giving context. Body: In the first part, discuss the pros and cons of single-party majority governments – offer stability, efficient decision-making, and clear accountability, but they risk authoritarianism, lack diverse representation, and can lead to political polarization etc. Next, discuss the pros and cons of coalition governments – more inclusive, representing a wide range of interests, and ensure checks and balances, but they often suffer from instability and slow decision-making. Conclusion: Based on above arguments give a fair and balanced view as conclusion.

Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.

4. Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) remains high in certain parts of India, posing a significant public health challenge. Examine. (250 words)

Why the question: A The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2. Key Demand of the question: To write about the high MMR in certain parts and measures needed to tackle it. Directive word: Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. Structure of the answer: Introduction: Start by giving statistic regarding MMR in India and how it is relatively high in certain parts of the country. Body: Frist, write about the various measures against MMR – LaQshya, Poshan Abhiyan, Janani Suraksha Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan, Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana, Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan Initiative (SUMAN) etc. Next, write the reasons why there are high trends of MMR in India despite above measures. Next, write about the measures that are needed to reduce mortality rates in low performing states. Conclusion: Conclude by writing a way forward.

General Studies – 3

Topic: Infrastructure : Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.

5. Increased capital expenditure is vital for India’s economic development. Critically examine. (150 words)

Reference: moneycontrol.com

Why the question: The NDA winning the 2024 elections with a slimmer majority raises a pertinent question whether government outlay on infrastructure will continue with the same fervour as seen in the past. Key Demand of the question: To write about the impact of increased capital expenditure on the economy of India. Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. Structure of the answer: Introduction: Begin by defining a capital expenditure. Body: First, write about the positive impact the increased capital expenditure will have on the economy of India – speedy and sustainable revival, crowding in private investment, boost to investment activity and support economic growth in the next year etc. Next, write the downside of increased capital expenditure – higher inflation, higher fiscal deficit etc. Conclusion: Conclude by writing a way forward to have a prudent increase in capital expenditure whilst adhering to fiscal limits of borrowing.

General Studies – 4

Topic: Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service

6. By prioritizing citizen needs, fostering collaboration, and continuously seeking improvement, responsive civil servants play a vital role in ensuring effective governance and public service delivery. Elaborate. (150 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Why the question: The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4. Key Demand of the question: To write about the essential traits of responsive civil servant. Directive word: Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts. Structure of the answer: Introduction: Start by describing a responsive civil servant. Body: Elaborate on the essential traits of a responsive civil servant. Cite examples to substantiate how those traits make him responsive. Conclusion: Complete by mentioning the importance of civil servants being responsive.

Topic: Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service, integrity, impartiality and nonpartisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker-sections.

7. Fortitude is a fundamental attribute that empowers individuals to navigate life’s challenges with courage, resilience, and integrity. Discuss. (150 words)

Reference: Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude by Lexicon Publications.

Why the question: The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Abstract Thursdays’ in Mission-2023 Secure. Key Demand of the question: To write about the importance of fortitude. Directive: Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments. Structure of the answer: Introduction: Start by defining fortitude. Body: Explain how Fortitude is firmness of spirit, especially in difficulty. It provides for constancy in the pursuit of virtue. Fortitude is a willingness to freely go beyond the call of duty, to make sacrifices, to act on your convictions. Fortitude includes the courage to confront our personal weaknesses and attraction to vice. Substantiate with examples. Conclusion: Conclude by summarising.

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