national education policy 2020 essay

Essay on New Education Policy 2020

500+ words essay on new education policy 2020.

Education is a fundamental need and right of everyone now. In order to achieve our goals and help develop a just society, we need education. Similarly, education plays a great role in the national development of a nation. As we are facing a major change in terms of knowledge globally, the Government of India approved the National Education Policy 2020. This essay on new education policy 2020 will help you learn how this new policy has replaced the National Education Policy 1986 that is 34 years old.

Aim of the New Education Policy 2020

This new policy has the aim of universalizing education from pre-school to secondary level. It plans to do that with a 100% GRE (Gross Enrollment Ratio) in schooling. The plan is to achieve it by 2030.

This essay on new education policy 2020 will highlight the changes brought in by this new policy. Firstly, the policy proposes to open Indian higher education in foreign universities.

It aims to introduce a four-year multidisciplinary undergraduate program with various exit options. Thus, this new policy will strive to make the country of India a global knowledge superpower.

Similarly, it also aims to make all universities and colleges multi-disciplinary by the year 2040. Finally, the policy aims to grow employment in India and also bring fundamental changes to the present educational system.

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Advantages and Disadvantages of New Education Policy 2020

The policy gives an advantage to students of classes 10 and 12 by making the board exams easier. In other words, it plans to test the core competencies instead of mere memorization of facts.

It will allow all the students to take the exam twice. Further, it proposes that an independent authority will be responsible for regulating both public and private schools . Similarly, the policy aims to diminish any severe separation between the educational streams and vocational streams in the schools.

There will also be no rigid division between extra-curriculum. Vocational education will begin at class sixth with an internship. Now, the essay on new education policy 2020 will tell you about the disadvantages of the policy.

Firstly, it can make the education system expensive. Meaning to say, admission to foreign universities will probably result in this. Further, it will create a lack of human resources.

If we look at the present elementary education, we notice that there is a lack of skilled teachers. Thus, keeping this in mind, the National Education Policy 2020 can give rise to practical problems in implementing the system that is for elementary education.

Finally, there is also the drawback of the exodus of teachers. In other words, admission to foreign universities will ultimately result in our skilled teachers migrating to those universities.

To conclude the essay on New Education Policy 2020, we can say that this policy is an essential initiative to help in the all-around development of our society and country as a whole. However, the implementation of this policy will greatly determine its success. Nonetheless, with a youth dominant population, India can truly achieve a better state with the proper implementation of this education policy.

FAQ of Essay on New Education Policy 2020

Question 1: What does the New Education Policy 2020 aim to achieve by 2030?

Answer 1: This new policy has the aim of universalizing education from pre-school to secondary level. It plans to do that with a 100% GRE (Gross Enrollment Ratio) in schooling. The plan is to achieve it by 2030.

Question 2: Give two challenges the New Education Policy 2020 may face?

Answer 2: Firstly, it can make the education system expensive. Meaning to say, admission to foreign universities will probably result in this. Further, it will create a lack of human resources.

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National Education Policy 2020: Key Highlights

Last updated on February 11, 2024 by Alex Andrews George

The National Education Policy 2020 aims to bring transformational reforms in school and higher education and thus shape India into a global knowledge superpower.

The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi approved the National Education Policy 2020 on July 29, 2020. This policy replaced the 34-year-old National Policy on Education (NPE), in 1986.

Built on the foundational pillars of Access, Equity, Quality, Affordability, and Accountability, this policy is aligned with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

The National Education Policy (NEP) aims to transform India into a vibrant knowledge society and global knowledge superpower by making both school and college education more holistic, flexible, and multidisciplinary, suited to 21st-century needs, and aimed at bringing out the unique capabilities of each student.

Table of Contents

Important Highlights of National Education Policy 2020

New Policy aims for Universalization of Education from preschool to secondary level with 100 % GER in school education by 2030.
NEP 2020 will bring 2 crore out-of-school children back into the mainstream.
New 5+3+3+4 school curriculum with 12 years of schooling and 3 years of Anganwadi/ Pre-schooling.
Emphasis on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy, no rigid separation between academic streams, extracurricular, and vocational streams in schools; Vocational Education to start from Class 6 with Internships.
Teaching up to at least Grade 5 to be in mother tongue/ regional language.
Assessment reforms with a 360-degree Holistic Progress Card, tracking Student Progress for achieving Learning Outcomes.
GER in higher education to be raised to 50 % by 2035; 3.5 crore seats to be added in higher education.
Higher Education curriculum to have Flexibility of Subjects.
Multiple Entries / Exit to be allowed with appropriate certification.
Academic Bank of Credits to be established to facilitate the Transfer of Credits.
National Research Foundation to be established to foster a strong research culture.
Light but Tight Regulation of Higher Education, single regulator with four separate verticals for different functions.
Affiliation System to be phased out in 15 years with graded autonomy to colleges.
NEP 2020 advocates increased use of technology with equity; National Educational Technology Forum to be created.
NEP 2020 emphasizes setting up of Gender Inclusion Fund and Special Education Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups.
New Policy promotes Multilingualism in both schools and HEs; the National Institute for Pali, Persian, and Prakrit, Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation to be set up.

National Education Policy 2020: School Education

With respect to school education, universal access is the key vision. Also, major reforms are brought in curriculum and pedagogy.

Ensuring Universal Access at all levels of school education

NEP 2020 emphasizes on ensuring universal access to school education at all levels- preschool to secondary.

Infrastructure support, innovative education centers to bring back dropouts into the mainstream, tracking of students and their learning levels, facilitating multiple pathways to learning involving both formal and non-formal education modes, an association of counselors or well-trained social workers with schools, open learning for classes 3,5 and 8 through NIOS and State Open Schools, secondary education programs equivalent to Grades 10 and 12, vocational courses, adult literacy, and life-enrichment programs are some of the proposed ways for achieving this.

About 2 crore out-of-school children will be brought back into the mainstream under NEP 2020.

Early Childhood Care & Education with New Curricular and Pedagogical Structure

With an emphasis on Early Childhood Care and Education, the 10+2 structure of school curricula is to be replaced by a 5+3+3+4 curricular structure corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 years respectively. This will bring the hitherto uncovered age group of 3-6 years under the school curriculum, which has been recognized globally as the crucial stage for the development of the mental faculties of a child. The new system will have 12 years of schooling with three years of Anganwadi/ pre-schooling.

NCERT will develop a National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education (NCPFECCE) for children up to the age of 8. ECCE will be delivered through a significantly expanded and strengthened system of institutions including Anganwadis and pre-schools that will have teachers and Anganwadi workers trained in the ECCE pedagogy and curriculum. The planning and implementation of ECCE will be carried out jointly by the Ministries of HRD, Women and Child Development (WCD), Health and Family Welfare (HFW), and Tribal Affairs.

Attaining Foundational Literacy and Numeracy

Recognizing Foundational Literacy and Numeracy as an urgent and necessary prerequisite to learning, NEP 2020 calls for the setting up of a National Mission on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy by MHRD.

States will prepare an implementation plan for attaining universal foundational literacy and numeracy in all primary schools for all learners by grade 3 by 2025. A National Book Promotion Policy is to be formulated.

Reforms in school curricula and pedagogy

The school curricula and pedagogy will aim for the holistic development of learners by equipping them with key 21st-century skills, reduction in curricular content to enhance essential learning and critical thinking, and a greater focus on experiential learning.

Students will have increased flexibility and choice of subjects. There will be no rigid separations between arts and sciences, between curricular and extra-curricular activities, and between vocational and academic streams.

Vocational education will start in schools from the 6th grade and will include internships.

A new and comprehensive National Curricular Framework for School Education, NCFSE 2020-21, will be developed by the NCERT.

Multilingualism and the power of language

The policy has emphasized mother tongue /local language/regional language as the medium of instruction at least till Grade 5, but preferably till Grade 8 and beyond. Sanskrit to be offered at all levels of school and higher education as an option for students, including in the three-language formula. Other classical languages and literature of India also to be available as options. No language will be imposed on any student.

Students to participate in a fun project/activity on ‘The Languages of India’, sometime in Grades 6-8, such as, under the ‘Ek Bharat Shrestha Bharat’ initiative. Several foreign languages will also be offered at the secondary level. Indian Sign Language (ISL) will be standardized across the country, and National and State curriculum materials developed, for use by students with hearing impairment.

Assessment Reforms

NEP 2020 envisages a shift from summative assessment to regular and formative assessment, which is more competency-based, promotes learning and development, and tests higher-order skills, such as analysis, critical thinking, and conceptual clarity. All students will take school examinations in Grades 3, 5, and 8 which will be conducted by the appropriate authority.

Board exams for Grades 10 and 12 will be continued, but redesigned with holistic development as the aim. A new National Assessment Centre, PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development), will be set up as a standard-setting body.

Equitable and Inclusive Education

NEP 2020 aims to ensure that no child loses any opportunity to learn and excel because of the circumstances of birth or background. Special emphasis will be given to Socially and Economically Disadvantaged Groups (SDGs), including gender, sociocultural, and geographical identities and disabilities. This includes setting up of Gender Inclusion Fund and also Special Education Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups.

Children with disabilities will be enabled to fully participate in the regular schooling process from the foundational stage to higher education, with the support of educators with cross-disability training, resource centers, accommodations, assistive devices, appropriate technology-based tools, and other support mechanisms tailored to suit their needs.

Every state/district will be encouraged to establish “Bal Bhavans” as a special daytime boarding school, to participate in art-related, career-related, and play-related activities. Free school infrastructure can be used as Samajik Chetna Kendras

Also read: Education in India – A Detailed Analysis

Robust Teacher Recruitment and Career Path

Teachers will be recruited through robust, transparent processes. Promotions will be merit-based, with a mechanism for multi-source periodic performance appraisals and available progression paths to becoming educational administrators or teacher educators. A common National Professional Standard for Teachers (NPST) will be developed by the National Council for Teacher Education by 2022, in consultation with NCERT , SCERTs, teachers, and expert organizations from across levels and regions.

School Governance

Schools can be organized into complexes or clusters which will be the basic unit of governance and ensure the availability of all resources including infrastructure, academic libraries, and a strong professional teacher community.

Standard-setting and Accreditation for School Education

NEP 2020 envisages clear, separate systems for policymaking, regulation, operations, and academic matters. States/UTs will set up an independent State School Standards Authority (SSSA). Transparent public self-disclosure of all the basic regulatory information, as laid down by the SSSA, will be used extensively for public oversight and accountability. The SCERT will develop a School Quality Assessment and Accreditation Framework (SQAAF) through consultations with all stakeholders.

National Education Policy: Higher Education

The New Education Policy has a great vision for the Higher Education sector as well.

Increase GER to 50 % by 2035

NEP 2020 aims to increase the Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education including vocational education from 26.3% (2018) to 50% by 2035. 3.5 Crore new seats will be added to Higher education institutions.

Holistic Multidisciplinary Education

The policy envisages broad-based, multi-disciplinary, holistic Undergraduate education with flexible curricula, creative combinations of subjects, integration of vocational education, and multiple entries and exit points with appropriate certification. UG education can be of 3 or 4 years with multiple exit options and appropriate certification within this period. For example, a Certificate after 1 year, Advanced Diploma after 2 years, a Bachelor’s Degree after 3 years, and a Bachelor’s with Research after 4 years.

An Academic Bank of Credit is to be established for digitally storing academic credits earned from different HEIs so that these can be transferred and counted towards the final degree made.

Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities (MERUs), at par with IITs, and IIMs, to be set up as models of the best multidisciplinary education of global standards in the country.

The National Research Foundation will be created as an apex body for fostering a strong research culture and building research capacity across higher education.

The Higher Education Commission of India(HECI) will be set up as a single overarching umbrella body for the entire higher education, excluding medical and legal education . HECI to have four independent verticals – the National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC) for regulation, the General Education Council (GEC ) for standard-setting, the Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC) for funding, and the National Accreditation Council( NAC) for accreditation.

HECI will function through faceless intervention through technology, & will have powers to penalize HEIs not conforming to norms and standards. Public and private higher education institutions will be governed by the same set of norms for regulation, accreditation, and academic standards.

Rationalized Institutional Architecture

Higher education institutions will be transformed into large, well-resourced, vibrant multidisciplinary institutions providing high-quality teaching, research, and community engagement. The definition of the university will allow a spectrum of institutions that range from research-intensive Universities to Teaching-intensive Universities and Autonomous degree-granting Colleges.

Affiliation of colleges is to be phased out in 15 years and a stage-wise mechanism is to be established for granting graded autonomy to colleges. Over a period of time, it is envisaged that every college would develop into either an Autonomous degree-granting College or a constituent college of a university.

Motivated, Energized, and Capable Faculty

NEP makes recommendations for motivating, energizing, and building the capacity of faculty through clearly defined, independent, transparent recruitment, freedom to design curricula/pedagogy, incentivizing excellence, and movement into institutional leadership. Faculty not delivering on basic norms will be held accountable

Teacher Education

A new and comprehensive National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education, NCFTE 2021, will be formulated by the NCTE in consultation with NCERT. By 2030, the minimum degree qualification for teaching will be a 4-year integrated B.Ed. degree. Stringent action will be taken against substandard stand-alone Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs).

Mentoring Mission

A National Mission for Mentoring will be established, with a large pool of outstanding senior/retired faculty – including those with the ability to teach in Indian languages – who would be willing to provide short and long-term mentoring/professional support to university/college teachers.

Financial support for students

Efforts will be made to incentivize the merit of students belonging to SC, ST, OBC, and other SEDGs. The National Scholarship Portal will be expanded to support, foster, and track the progress of students receiving scholarships. Private HEIs will be encouraged to offer larger numbers of free ships and scholarships to their students.

Open and Distance Learning

This will be expanded to play a significant role in increasing GER. Measures such as online courses and digital repositories, funding for research, improved student services, credit-based recognition of MOOCs, etc., will be taken to ensure it is at par with the highest quality in-class programs.

Online Education and Digital Education:

A comprehensive set of recommendations for promoting online education consequent to the recent rise in epidemics and pandemics in order to ensure preparedness with alternative modes of quality education whenever and wherever traditional and in-person modes of education are not possible has been covered.

A dedicated unit for the purpose of orchestrating the building of digital infrastructure, digital content, and capacity building will be created in the MHRD to look after the e-education needs of both school and higher education.

Technology in education

An autonomous body, the National Educational Technology Forum (NETF), will be created to provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of technology to enhance learning, assessment, planning, and administration. Appropriate integration of technology into all levels of education will be done to improve classroom processes, support teacher professional development, enhance educational access for disadvantaged groups, and streamline educational planning, administration, and management

Promotion of Indian languages

To ensure the preservation, growth, and vibrancy of all Indian languages, NEP recommends setting up an Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation (IITI), National Institute (or Institutes) for Pali, Persian, and Prakrit, strengthening Sanskrit and all language departments in HEIs, and use mother tongue/local language as a medium of instruction in more HEI programs.

Internationalization of education will be facilitated through both institutional collaborations and student and faculty mobility allowing entry of top world-ranked Universities to open campuses in our country.

Professional Education

All professional education will be an integral part of the higher education system. Stand-alone technical universities, health science universities, legal and agricultural universities, etc. will aim to become multi-disciplinary institutions.

Adult Education

The policy aims to achieve 100% youth and adult literacy.

Financing Education

The Centre and the States will work together to increase public investment in the Education sector to reach 6% of GDP at the earliest.

NEP: Consultation Process

NEP 2020 has been formulated after an unprecedented process of consultation that involved nearly over 2 lakh suggestions from 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats, 6600 Blocks, 6000 ULBs, and 676 Districts.

The MHRD initiated an unprecedented collaborative, inclusive, and highly participatory consultation process in January 2015. In May 2016, ‘The Committee for Evolution of the New Education Policy’ under the Chairmanship of Late Shri T.S.R. Subramanian, Former Cabinet Secretary, submitted its report.

Based on this, the Ministry prepared ‘Some Inputs for the Draft National Education Policy, 2016’. In June 2017 a ‘Committee for the Draft National Education Policy’ was constituted under the Chairmanship of eminent Scientist Padma Vibhushan, Dr. K. Kasturirangan, which submitted the Draft National Education Policy, 2019 to the Hon’ble Human Resource Development Minister on 31st May 2019.

The Draft National Education Policy 2019 was uploaded on MHRD’s website and at the ‘MyGov Innovate’ portal eliciting views/suggestions/comments from stakeholders, including the public.

In conclusion, the National Education Policy (NEP) is a crucial document that outlines the roadmap for the development of education in India. It is a significant step towards building a knowledge-based society that is equipped to meet the challenges of the 21st century. The NEP aims to transform the education system by providing equitable access to quality education, promoting innovation, and fostering holistic development.

The policy emphasizes the need for a learner-centered approach that focuses on critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving. It also seeks to promote interdisciplinary learning, multilingualism, and the integration of vocational education into the mainstream curriculum.

The NEP’s vision of a flexible and inclusive education system that enables lifelong learning is laudable. However, the success of the policy will depend on its effective implementation, which will require adequate funding, infrastructure, and skilled educators.

Overall, the NEP has the potential to revolutionize the education sector in India and make it more relevant and responsive to the needs of the changing world. It is a bold and visionary document that seeks to transform education from being a means of social mobility to a tool for building a better and more just society.

Also Read: Institutions of Eminence Scheme

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Essay on New Education Policy (NEP)

Education helps us discover and accomplish our aims and make a fair contribution to the society. In a similar vein, education contributes significantly to a country's national growth. The National Education Policy 2020 was authorised by the Government of India since there is a significant change taking place in the world. Here are some sample essays on New Education Policy 2023.

100 Words Essay on New Education Policy

200 words essay on new education policy, 500 words essay on new education policy 2023.

The goal of the New Education Policy is to make education available to everyone from preschool through high school. With a 100% GRE (Gross Enrollment Ratio) in academics, it intends to achieve that. It is intended to be accomplished by 2030. A four-year, interdisciplinary undergraduate curriculum with a range of exit choices is what it intends to introduce. As a result, this new strategy aims to transform India into a superpower in the field of knowledge.

In similar terms, it seeks to make all colleges and universities multidisciplinary by the year 2040. The initiative also intends to fundamentally alter the current educational system while increasing the availability of jobs in India.

The New National Education Policy has had a really revolutionary impact on the Indian educational system. After 34 years of our education policy following the same standards without change, the Ministry of Education (formerly known as MHRD) made some significant changes to it on July 29, 2020. The Indian government just adopted this New National Education Policy for 2023.

How It Will Affect Learning Outcomes

It's no secret that the new education policy is going to affect students in a big way. But what exactly does that mean for them?

Well, for one, the new policy is going to impact learning outcomes. Students will no longer be able to coast through school by memorising facts and figures. Instead, they'll be required to apply what they learn in a hands-on way, in order to demonstrate their understanding of the material. This is a big change, and it'll take some time for students and educators to adjust. But in the long run, it's going to result in better-educated students who are prepared for the challenges of the real world.

The new education policy also includes a number of changes that will impact educators directly. For example, the policy stipulates that all educators must have a bachelor's degree in order to teach in public schools. Additionally, educators will be required to complete professional development courses on a regular basis.

When the new education policy is implemented, there will be some big changes for the teaching community.

Change for Teachers and Educators

First and foremost, the policy shifts the focus from teacher-centred instruction to student-centred instruction. This means that the teacher's role will change from delivering information to facilitating learning.

In order to facilitate learning, teachers will need to develop new skills. They will need to be able to create a safe and welcoming environment where all students feel comfortable participating, and they will need to be able to adapt their lessons to meet the needs of each individual student.

Benefits for Students Under New National Education Policy 2023

The new education policy is, in essence, a shift from memorization to learning. The main focus of the policy is to provide a holistic education that focuses on the development of the student's mind and body. Here are some of the ways this could benefit students:

More opportunity for students to pursue their interests outside of school - whether that be an extracurricular activity such as art or music, or receiving extra tutoring to help them excel in academics. A wider range of learning options that can provide students with tailored instruction and help them develop their individual skills.

More emphasis placed on experiential learning, where students are encouraged to apply what they've learned in school through projects and real-world activities. Increased access to technology including an increased use of digital classrooms and online resources such as eBooks, which can make studying more efficient and convenient.

These changes will make the education system more dynamic and create an environment where students can better prepare themselves for their future endeavours.

What Parents Need to Know About the New Education Policy

The new education policy is going to bring about a lot of change, and it's important for parents to be aware of how it will affect their children. First and foremost, the new policy puts more emphasis on technology and digital learning resources, so it's important for parents to ensure that their children have access to a reliable internet connection. Parents should also look into resources like online tutoring or additional support services that may be available to help their child stay on top of their studies.

It's also important for parents to be mindful of the potential stress and anxiety that students may experience while adjusting to the new system. Parents should make sure they provide emotional and moral support as needed, check in with their kids regularly, and encourage them to take breaks when needed

Finally, it's important for parents to educate themselves on the new policy so they can better understand what changes are taking place and how they can best support their children through the transition period. Changes in education policy can be difficult to navigate and often cause a lot of uncertainty. However, with the right preparation and support, you can make the most of the new policy and continue to achieve your academic goals.

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Construction Manager

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Urban Planner

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Gynaecologist.

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Audiologist

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Linguistic meaning is related to language or Linguistics which is the study of languages. A career as a linguistic meaning, a profession that is based on the scientific study of language, and it's a very broad field with many specialities. Famous linguists work in academia, researching and teaching different areas of language, such as phonetics (sounds), syntax (word order) and semantics (meaning).

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Public Relation Executive

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Merchandiser.

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Business Intelligence Developer

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National Education Policy (NEP 2020)

The Union Cabinet approved the National Education Policy (NEP) in July 2020. This policy will usher in sweeping changes to the education policy of the country, including a renaming of the Ministry of Human Resource Development as the Education Ministry. This article on education in India is aligned with the UPSC Syllabus and is relevant for prelims and mains examination.

National Education Policy 2020 UPSC Notes Download PDF Here

Education and topics related to education in India are relevant for the IAS Exam and are often seen in the news and hence are important for the UPSC Mains. Aspirants can find notes for UPSC Mains General Studies topics from the links given at the end of the article.

Candidates must read about NIPUN Bharat Programme that has been launched as a part of New Education Policy 2020, in June 2021.

The Union Cabinet has approved the new National Education Policy 2020 with an aim to introduce several changes in the Indian education system – from the school to the college level.

Its aims at making “India a global knowledge superpower”.
The Cabinet has also approved the renaming of the Ministry of Human Resource Development to the Ministry of Education.
The New Education Policy cleared by the Cabinet is only the third major revamp of the framework of education in India since independence.
The two earlier education policies were brought in 1968 and 1986.

Aspirants should read about New Education Policy along with other education-related topics to holistically cover this article. Such similar articles are linked below:

In this article, you will get the following facts about the new National Education Policy 2020 for the UPSC exam:

What is the new National Education Policy 2020?

National Education Policy of India – Background:

The Ministry of Human Resource Development formed a Committee chaired by Dr K. Kasturirangan for preparing the National Education Policy. The Committee was constituted in June 2017. The Committee submitted its report on May 31, 2019.

The National Policy on Education covers elementary and university education in urban as well as rural India.

The very first policy for education was promulgated in 1968 with the second one following in 1986.
The first NPE was based on the recommendations of the Education Commission (1964-66). This policy sought to have a ‘radical restructuring’ of India’s educational system and equalizing opportunities for education for all, to accomplish national integration and better economic and cultural development.
The NPE also called for realizing compulsory education for every child until the age of fourteen, as mentioned in the Indian Constitution.
It also aimed at providing enhanced training and improving teachers’ qualifications.

Compare NEP 2020 with NEP 1991 in the linked article.

Some relevant points from the official NEP 2020 PDF that can be useful for the UPSC Mains Exam:

NEP 2020 is the 21st Century’s first education policy in India.
The development of the creative potential of each student is emphasized in the National Education Policy 2020.
The NEP 2020 mentioned the ancient scholars like Charaka and Susruta, Aryabhata, Bhaskaracharya, Chanakya, Madhava, Patanjali, Panini and Thiruvalluvar.
Flexibility
No hard separations between subjects, curricular and extra-curricular activities
Multi-disciplinary education
Conceptual understanding
Critical thinking
Ethical Values
Teachers as the heart of the learning process
The strong public education system

Also, read State of School Education in India .

Features of National Education Policy 2020

The National Education Policy as submitted by the Kasturirangan Committee submitted an education policy that seeks to address the following challenges facing the existing education system:

Affordability
Accountability
The policy provides for reforms at all levels of education from school to higher education.
NEP aims to increase the focus on strengthening teacher training, reforming the existing exam system, early childhood care and restructuring the regulatory framework of education.
Increasing public investment in education,
Setting up NEC (National Education Commission),
Increasing focus on vocational and adult education,
Strengthening the use of technology, etc.

Compare the features of the New Education Policy with National Agricultural Education Policy .

Key Recommendations of National Education Policy 2020

The National Education Policy 2020 has recommendations and reforms with respect to the following items:

You can read the complete set of recommendations of the NEP 2020 in CNA dated July 30, 2020 .

The above-mentioned recommendations are explained below.

Early Childhood Care and Education

The NEP recommended that early childhood care & education be developed in a two-part curriculum consisting of:

Guidelines for Parents & Teachers of students up to 3 years of age
An educational framework for students between the ages of 3-8 years

The NEP talks about the implementation of these recommendations by expanding and improving the quality of the Anganwadi system and co-locating them with primary schools.

Right to Education Act, 2009

The NEP recommended extending the range of the Right to Education Act ,2009 to include the following education levels:

Early Childhood &
Secondary School

This will allow coverage of RTE to all children between the ages of 3-18 years. In addition, it suggested the elimination of detention of children until class eight.

Curriculum Framework

Reforms in the framework of the current curriculum of school education are based on the development needs of the students. The NEP recommends the 5-3-3-4 pattern explained in the table below:

School Exam Reforms

Reforms in the school exam recommended by the NEP include tracking the progress of the students throughout their school experience.

It includes State Census Exams in class 3, 5 and 8.
Another important recommendation was the restructuring of the 10th board exam that would mainly focus and test only the skills, core concepts and higher-order thinking & capacities.

Regulatory Structure and Accreditation of Higher Educational Institutions

In terms of Accreditation and Regulatory structure, the NEP recommended the following changes:

Setting up NHERA (National Higher Education Regulatory Authority),
Separating NAAC from UGC into an autonomous and independent body.

Read more on the UGC in the linked article.

National Research Foundation

In order to improve the quality of research in India, the NEP recommended:

It would be an autonomous body that would administer the mentoring, funding and capacity building for quality research in India.

Education Governance

The NEP recommended establishing an apex body for education headed by the Prime Minister under the name Rashtriya Shiksha Aayog or National Education Commission .

It also suggested changing the name of the Ministry of Human Resources & Development to the Ministry of Education.

Financing Education

Doubling the public investment for education was one of the important recommendations of the NEP 2020.

NEP 2020 insisted on the expenditure of 6% of the GDP on education.
Doubling the current 10% of total public expenditure to 20% in the next decade was recommended.

National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology

The NEP suggested setting up an autonomous body that would facilitate decision making on the deployment, induction and use of technology. NEP said that this would be achieved by implementing the following measures:

The recommended autonomous body would be administered under this mission.
It will also include virtual laboratories in various disciplines providing remote access.

Vocational Courses

Recommendations of NEP 2020 with respect to Vocational courses can be listed as follows:

Students in classes 9 to 12 must receive vocational education on at least one vocation,
Schools should build expert curriculum delivery methods that are aligned with National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF) competency levels,
Higher Education Institutes must also provide vocational courses that are integrated into undergraduate education programmes.

Three Language Formula

The Policy recommended that the three-language formula be continued and flexibility in the implementation of the formula should be provided. The three-language formula states that state governments should adopt and implement the study of a modern Indian language, preferably one of the southern languages, apart from Hindi and English in the Hindi-speaking states, and of Hindi along with the regional language and English in the non-Hindi speaking states.

National Education Policy 2020 Concerns

Some of the concerns expressed about the NEP 2020 are as follow:

The report fails to address and incorporate ideas based on contemporary global thinking like the emphasis on creativity and critical thinking and the need for learning in a non-competitive and non-hierarchical ecosystem and discovering one’s true passion without any sense of fear.
Delivering the changes proposed related to Anganwadis may be difficult despite the focus given to early childhood care and schooling.
The propositions of volunteer teachers, peer tutoring, rationalisation of the system of schools and sharing of resources do not seem like long-term solutions.
Lack of clarity in government strategies regarding the Public Sector like municipal schools, state-run institutions, Kendra Vidyalaya, etc.
The creation of a National Testing Agency (NTA) has generated scepticism. The NTA, though envisaged to serve as a premier, expert, autonomous testing organisation to conduct entrance examinations for admissions and fellowships in higher educational institutions may, in reality, lead to loss of autonomy among the universities and departments over admissions.

For a critical analysis of the National Education Policy 2020, check CNA dated July 31, 2020 editorials .

Merits of New Education Policy 2020

Comprehensive : NEP seeks to address the entire gamut of education from preschool to doctoral studies, and from professional degrees to vocational training.
Early Childhood Education : In adopting a 5+3+3+4 model for school education starting at age 3, the New education Policy recognizes the primacy of the formative years from ages 3 to 8 in shaping the child’s future
Easy on Regulations: NEP 2020 makes a bold prescription to free our schools, colleges and universities from periodic “inspections” and place them on the path of self-assessment and voluntary declaration
Holistic : The policy, inter alia, aims to eliminate problems of pedagogy, structural inequities, access asymmetries and rampant commercialization.
Promote Inclusion: The Policy proposes the creation of ‘inclusion funds’ to help socially and educationally disadvantaged children pursue education

To complement the GS 1 preparation, candidates can check the following links:

UPSC Questions related to National Education Policy 2020

Who is the chairman of the national education policy 2020.

K. Kasturirangan is the chairman of the National Education Policy 2020.

When was the National Policy on Education formulated?

There were National Education Policies in 1968, 1986, 1992 and the latest in 2020. The gist of New Education Policy discussion on RSTV-Big Picture episode can be checked at the linked article.

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New National Education Policy (NEP) 2020: Analysis

From Current Affairs Notes for UPSC » Editorials & In-depths » This topic

The Union Cabinet approved a new national education policy recently after a big gap of 34 years . After long deliberations and two committees since 2014, the union cabinet has finalized a comprehensive policy that strives to direct the education system in India in the 21 st century. With an aim to make India a knowledge superpower, the policy proposes some fundamental changes within the education system.

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What is the importance of education in Indian traditions and the legal-constitutional framework?

Education is fundamental for achieving full human potential , developing an equitable and just society, and promoting national development.
The pursuit of knowledge (Jnan), wisdom (Pragya), and truth (Satya) was always considered in Indian thought and philosophy as the highest human goal.
World-class institutions of ancient India such as Takshashila, Nalanda, Vikramshila, Vallabhi , set the highest standards of multidisciplinary teaching and research and hosted scholars and students from across backgrounds and countries.
The leaders of the freedom struggle also thought of education as an important aspect of nation-building . Especially Mahatma Gandhi thought of education as a process of realization of the best in man- body, soul, and spirit. He put forth the idea of “ Buniyaadi Shiksha”.
Post-independence modern India also focused on education through various commissions such as the Radhakrishnan Commission, Kothari Commission , etc.
Part IV of the Indian constitution, article 45 and 39(f) have provision for state-funded education with equitable and accessible character.
The 42nd amendment to the constitution moved education from state list to concurrent list-making way for overall standardization on the national level.
The 86th amendment made the right to education an enforceable fundamental right (Article 21A).
Subsequently, the Right to Education Act, 2009 provides for universal education to all children between ages 6 and 14.
Education has been one of the foundational sectors in the national developmental planning.

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What is the need for a new education policy?

More than three decades have passed since the last education policy was released. The new education policy, 1986, and its modifications in 1992 were suited to its times and serves as a guiding light to the current policy.
But after these policies and especially since 1992, monumental changes have taken place in society, economy, country, and world . In this context, our education system needs to gear itself for the 21st century.
Since the last education policy, India has liberalized its economy , population has witnessed a massive growth of 65%, there is a sizable aspirational middle class .
There is a paradigm shift in every sector globally, largely taken over by massive developments in technology . Experts feel that most of the education given in schools and colleges and skills acquired worldwide today will not be useful in the next 30 odd years. That is the scale and speed of evolution we are going through.
While this is what the future looks like, our education system remains plagued by age-old problems of lack of reach, quality, and professionalism.
Though we have increased literacy rates significantly, the “Buniyaadi Shiksha” of Gandhi ’s dreams is far from a reality.
The successive reports of ASER pictures a sorry state of affairs in the education system. The poor learning outcomes , gaps between textbook teaching and real-life vocations, huge imbalance in rural-urban, private-public educational sectors.
The issues in pedagogy have been highlighted time and again which focuses on rote learning , excessive, and sometimes lethal, competition of marks and ranks.
The marketization of the education sector is one of the phenomena after liberalization. The illogical growth of educational institutional creating imbalances in the number of graduates and requirement in respective fields have created a category of “educated unemployed” in our country. This can be seen through the examples of the growth of engineering and management colleges and the condition of the majority of graduates from these colleges.
There is also an issue of implementation of educational schemes like universal education as the school dropout rates continue to remain high.
This can be attributed to the perception of the non-utility of formal education and the inability to connect and utilize it to real-life existential problems.
The curricula in various education act isolated silos of particular disciplines creating one-dimensional literates. The lack of interdisciplinary approach as adopted in some of the developed countries is a major cause of concern for experts.
On the backdrop of such issues comes the New Education Policy-2020. We analyze here the salient features of the new policy in the wake of the above issues.

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What are the salient features of New Education Policy-2020?

The final policy is based on the draft report submitted by Dr. K. Kasturirangan committee which was constituted by the Ministry of HRD in 2017.
Apart from accepting the report, the cabinet also approved a change in name of Ministry of HRD to Education Ministry.
The New Education Policy deals with School education and higher education comprehensively and provides key targets and fundamental overhaul of the education system. The important points of the policy are as follows:

School Education

Recognizing that over 85% of a child’s cumulative brain development occurs prior to the age of 6 , to ensure healthy brain development and growth, the current form of 10+2 structure will be transformed to new 5+3+3+4 structure , with a strong base of Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) from age 3.

A National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education (NCPFECCE ) will be developed by NCERT in two parts (0-3 and 3-8)
various reports indicate that a large proportion of students currently in elementary school have not attained foundational literacy and numeracy (the ability to read and comprehend basic text and basic calculation).
So, the Priority of the education system will be to achieve universal foundational literacy and numeracy in primary school by 2025.
To achieve this goal, there is a proposal to set up a National Mission on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) on priority.
Accordingly, all State/UT governments will immediately prepare an implementation plan for attaining universal foundational literacy by 2025
The policy aims that a pupil-teacher ratio (PTR) of under 30:1 will be ensured at the level of each school ( 25:1 for socio-economically backward areas ).
Recognizing that morning hours after a nutritious breakfast can be particularly productive for the study of cognitively more demanding subjects, a simple but energizing breakfast in addition to midday meals will be provided.
Where the Gross Enrolment ratio (GER) for Grades 6-8 is 90.9%, for Grades 9-10 and 11-12 it is only 79.3% and 56.5%, respectively – indicating a significant amount of drop out after Grade 5 and even more after Grade 8.
The policy prioritizes bringing these children back into the educational fold, intending to achieve 100% Gross Enrolment Ratio in preschool to secondary level by 2030 .
Curriculum will be reduced to its core essentials for each subject for encouraging critical thinking and inquiry-based, discovery-based, and analysis-based learning.
There is a provision for vocational training along with internships during school .
Holistic development and a wide choice of subjects and with no hard separation among different subjects and disciplines will be the hallmark of the new system of curriculum.
Wherever possible, until at least Grade 5, but preferably till Grade 8 and beyond, the medium of instruction will be mother tongue (local language/regional language ).
The policy accepts three-language formula , however, there will be a greater flexibility in the three-language formula, and no language will be imposed on any State.
The formulation of a new and comprehensive National Curricular Framework for School Education, NCFSE 2020-21, will be undertaken by the NCERT .
The progress card for school-based assessment will be completely redesigned to make it a holistic, 360-degree, multidimensional report that reflects the uniqueness of each learner.
While continuing board exams for grades 10 and 12, the policy suggests that the need for undertaking coaching classes should be eliminated.
Board exams will be reformed so that they test primarily core capacities/competencies rather than memorization capacity .
The policy proposes to set up PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development), a national assessment center, as a standard-setting body under MHRD for all recognized school boards of India .

Higher Education

Higher education plays an extremely important role in promoting human as well as societal wellbeing and in developing India as envisioned in its Constitution . It contributes towards sustainable livelihoods and economic As India moves towards becoming a knowledge economy and society, more and more young Indians are likely to aspire for higher education.
Given the 21st century requirements, quality higher education must aim to develop good, thoughtful, well-rounded, and creative individuals.
Policy highlights some of the major problems of higher education such as:
a severely fragmented higher educational ecosystem;
a rigid separation of disciplines , with early specialization and streaming of students into narrow areas of study;
limited teacher and institutional autonomy ;
inadequate mechanisms for merit-based career management and progression of faculty and institutional leaders
suboptimal governance and leadership of HEIs
low standards of undergraduate education due to large affiliating universities.

for higher education sector policy envisages following actions

The main thrust of this policy regarding higher education is to end the fragmentation of higher education by transforming higher education institutions into large multidisciplinary universities , colleges, and HEI clusters/Knowledge Hubs, each of which will aim to have 3,000 or more students
Policy suggests that by 2040, all higher education institutions shall aim to become multidisciplinary institutions .
Colleges will be encouraged , mentored, supported, and incentivized to gradually attain the minimum benchmarks required for each level of accreditation . It is envisaged that every college would develop into either an autonomous degree-granting College, or a constituent college of a university over a period of time.
The undergraduate degree will be of 3 or 4-year duration , with multiple exit options within this period, with appropriate certifications.
An Academic Bank of Credit (ABC ) shall be established to digitally store the academic credits earned from various recognized HEIs so that the degrees from an HEI can be awarded taking into account credits earned
HEIs will have the flexibility to offer different designs of Master’s programs
Undertaking a Ph.D. shall require either a Master’s degree or a 4-year Bachelor’s degree with Research. The Phil. program shall be discontinued .
Entry into quality higher education can open a vast array of possibilities that can lift both individuals as well as communities out of the cycles of disadvantage. For this reason, making quality higher education opportunities available to all individuals must be among the highest priorities
For this purpose, additional actions that are specific to higher education shall be adopted by all Governments and HEIs:
Earmarking appropriate funds for the education of socio-economically disadvantaged group (SEDGs)
Enhance gender balance in admissions to HEIs (including transgenders )
Enhance access by establishing high-quality HEIs in aspirational districts and Special Education Zones.
According to the Justice J. S. Verma Commission (2012), a majority of Teacher training institutes are not even attempting serious teacher To do away this, the Regulatory System shall be empowered to take stringent action against substandard and dysfunctional teacher education institutions.
The 4-year integrated B.Ed. offered by such multidisciplinary HEIs will, by 2030, become the minimal degree qualification for school teachers.
The policy targets Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education to be increased to 50% (current 26.3%) by 2035.
The National Research Foundation will be created for fostering research culture and building research capacity in higher education.
The policy reiterates the government’s move to set up the Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) as a single umbrella body for the entire higher education ( excluding medical and legal education).
HECI will be having four independent parts :
National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC),
General Education Council (GEC),
Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC),
National Accreditation Council (NAC).
Public and private higher education institutions will be governed by the same set of norms for regulation, accreditation and academic standards
Affiliation of colleges is to be phased out in 15 years with an aim to develop them into either an autonomous or a constituent college of a university.

Other changes

Policy proposes a National Educational Technology Forum (NETF) to provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of technology to enhance learning, assessment, planning, administration.
an outstanding adult education curriculum framework will be developed by a new and well-supported constituent body of the NCERT along with necessary infrastructure that enables lifelong learning.
A fee cap will be provided for private education institutions of higher learning.
It also paves the way for foreign universities to set up campuses in India, and also top Indian educational institutions will be encouraged to go global.
Centre to set up a ‘ Gender Inclusion Fund’ to build the country’s capacity to provide equitable quality education to all girls and transgender students.
Special education zones will be set up for socio-economically disadvantaged groups which are broadly categorized on gender identities (transgender included), socio-economic identities (SC, ST, OBC, minorities), and geographical identities.
It also reiterates aim to increase the public investment in the Education sector to reach 6% of GDP at the earliest (from current levels of 4.6%)

What is the significance of the new education policy?

The educational policy has recognized the importance of formative years along with necessary learning conditions like nutrition and expert teachers.
A very important and potentially game-changing policy initiative is the inclusion of vocational courses in the school curriculum . This will help in encouraging disadvantaged sections who see no value in education to send their kids to school.
It has expanded the ambit of universal education from 6-14 years to 3-18 years which is a welcome step.
One of the major points of conflict on the medium of instruction has been dealt with and there is a categorical support for three-language formula and suggestion of teaching in mother tongue/local language for at least 5th class.
This is a significant policy suggestion when the Indian education system is moving away from excessive English-medium orientation. There is an increasing neglect of local languages and mother tongue and illogical and unscientific hysteria towards English medium schools.
The higher education regulatory system is set to change for good by eliminating the concentration of functions in UGC.
The higher education sector through this policy gets an encouragement for multi-disciplinary nature through suggestions to do away with silos mentality when it comes to disciplines. This will create an all-around and enriched personality by interacting with a variety of subjects.
There is a good amount of discussion in the policy on Socio-economically backward areas and people. The transgender community’s needs have been recognized in the policy.
The policy proposes opening up to more foreign universities and likewise encourages more top-class Indian universities to go global. This is a welcome step as it will create healthy competition in the Indian higher education system , save important forex reserves as a huge number of students opt to go abroad for higher education.
So, in all, this policy tries to achieve a rare balance of quantity and quality in the educational sector while trying to propel it to a higher level of excellence It strives to prepare the Indian education system for the challenges of 21st-century building on past experiences and policies.

What are the issues with the new education policy?

Some of the proposals face legal challenges . Like the draft bill for Higher Education Commission of India has been pending with the Ministry and unlikely to be published for feedback soon.
Though the policy aims to break the coaching class culture and ensuing monopoly of English medium schools, in reality, to implement this will require sufficient political will . Experts feel this to be a difficult task.
The same is the case with teachers training institutions where a Education. The low-quality institutions are run largely for-profit motives without sufficient care for the needs of teachers training
One of the most important neglected points is the policy of no exams till the 7th or 8th standard . This policy has been heavily criticized for impacting learning outcomes in the absence of exams at the school level.
The free breakfast scheme proposed though a sound move, will increase the fiscal burden and add on to already inefficient mid-day meal scheme that has seen irregularities and corruption over the years.
The suggestion to spend 6% of the GDP on education is there since the Kothari Commission but consecutive governments have failed to achieve the target that was set long ago.
Given the low tax-GDP ratio and current slowdown condition, the implementation expenditure of 6% GDP in the education sector seems difficult. Especially when in the coming years, healthcare and defense sectors are set to demand more expenditure.
As discussed earlier, there is a mismatch in the skill imparted in educational institutions and jobs available. This important issue has been largely ignored in the policy . Especially, there is insufficient discussion on new-age technologies like Artificial Intelligence, cyber security , etc when these fields are set to dominate world knowledge and job space.
The majority of experts feel that though policy speaks of encouraging reason and critical thinking, campus activities, the real actions on the ground differ as can be seen from attacks on campuses and critical thinkers in the last few years.

Way Forward

The Policy looks strong ad forward-looking on paper. The officials have said that the policy has been finalized after long and extensive deliberations across the stakeholder sectors. This is a welcome step.
What needs to be done now according to experts from various fields that there is a need for a comprehensive roadmap of implementation as previous policies also promised things that were not fulfilled.
The school-level reforms touch most of the aspects. Care should be taken that in the quest of making exams easier, we don’t create a numerical surge in passed students without any real term knowledge base . The current system of giving high marks in 10 and 10+2 level exams have been criticized by many educational experts.
The policy of a multi-disciplinary approach in higher education is welcome but a foolproof framework needs to be created so that the core interests and preferred knowledge streams are not neglected.
As Education is in the concurrent list, there remains a huge task of consensus-building among states. The cooperative federalism approach is most conducive to critical fields like education.
The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that there is a need to build huge digital capacities to digitize the education sec The lack of online teaching facilities is hampering the education and there is a fear of washing away of this academic year.
The BharatNet scheme may be extended to include digital infrastructure for public and private schools throughout the nation .
The vocational training program for school children needs synergy between the ministries of HRD, skill development, and labor.

The New Education Policy-2020 represents aspirations to become a knowledge powerhouse of the world inculcating the best of the global educational experiments. The global education development agenda reflected in the Goal 4 (SDG4) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development , adopted by India in 2015 – seeks to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all” by 2030. The Education policy is a step in the right direction given it is implemented throughout the long period it targets.

Practice Question for Mains

Critically analyze the New Education Policy-2020 in the light of challenges to the education system in India. (250 words)

https://www.mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/NEP_Final_English.pdf

https://www.thehindu.com/education/the-hindu-explains-what-has-the-national-education-policy-2020-proposed/article32249788.ece

https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/reading-new-education-policy-india-schools-colleges-6531603/

https://www.livemint.com/education/news/new-education-policy-five-big-changes-in-school-higher-education-explained-11596098141333.html

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/national-education-policy-2020-all-you-need-to-know/articleshow/77239854.cms

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Essay on National Education Policy 2020 in English

Holistic education in India has a long history. Education in ancient India was concerned not only with acquiring knowledge to lead life in this world, but also for the complete realization and liberation of oneself from worldly bondages.

Education in India was enriched by a mix of cultures that came to India from the invasions to the arrival of the British. Realizing the value of education as an important tool in life building and character building, many initiatives were taken after independence and are still being taken in the field of education.

The New National Education Policy has been launched to provide accessible, equitable and affordable education to all without any discrimination and irrespective of their socio-economic background.

About New Education Policy 2020

Education is a fundamental requirement for the development of a just and just society and for achieving the full human potential for promoting national development. The whole world is passing through a rapid change in the knowledge landscape.

In this context, the New National Policy 2020 was approved by the government of India on July 29, 2020 and approval was also given to change the name of Ministry of Human Resource Development to Ministry of Education. This New Education Policy 2020 will replace the 34 year old National Education Policy 1986.

Vision of New Education Policy

The vision of this New Education Policy 2020 should be to make students proud of being Indian not only in thought but also in behaviour, intellect and action as well as in knowledge, skills, values and thinking, which are important for human rights, sustainable development and be committed to the cause of survival and global well-being, so that they become truly global citizens.

Built on the fundamental principles of easy access, equity, quality, affordability, and accountability for all, this New National Policy 2020 is in line with the 3030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

Principles of the New Education Policy

Flexibility: It seeks to provide flexibility to the learners to choose their pace of learning and choose their own path as per their talent.

Multi-disciplinary: To provide holistic education in all fields like science, social science, coding, arts, humanities, sports, etc.

Ethical and Constitutional Values: It aims to inculcate the values of empathy, respect for others, cleanliness, courtesy, scientific temper, liberty, responsibility, equality and justice.

Sustainable Policy: Formulation of policies based on regular assessment of ground reality. Keeping in mind the rich, diverse, ancient and modern culture and knowledge system and tradition of India.

Equality and Inclusion: This will be the objective of all educational decisions, ensuring that all students can thrive in the education system.

Life Skills: Focusing on building life skills such as collaboration, teamwork, communication, resilience, etc.

Professional Value: All teachers and educators will be recruited through rigorous preparation. Emphasis will be placed on preparedness, continuous professional development, positive work environment & service development.

Education as a Fundamental Right: Education is a public service and not a commercial activity. It should be available with sufficient quality to all. There must be strong and sustainable investment in a vibrant public education system as well as an ethical and philanthropic private system.

Components of New Education Policy 2020

The policy states that 85% of a child’s brain development occurs before the age of 6. Thus, early childhood learning is a top priority. This early education and care will include flexible, multidisciplinary, multi-level, play based, activity based and discovery based learning. It will develop the development of motor skills, social-emotional, moral skills and communication and early language skills.

The present system of 10+2 after elementary education will be replaced by a new 5+3+3+4 curriculum structure. Now, children in the age group of 3 to 8 years will spend 5 years for the foundation stage in preschool education and classes 1st and 2nd grade. Three years will be spent in the preparation phase in classes 3 to 5. In classes 6 to 8 further 3 years will be spent in the middle stages. There will be four years in the secondary stage for classes 9 to 12.

Co-curricular and vocational subjects like sports, arts, commerce, science will be treated at the same level. Students will be allowed to take up coding from class 6 to improve their computer skills. Vocational education will also be promoted along with internship from class 6 onwards.

Class 10th and 12th exams will be easier to test competencies instead of memorizing facts as all students will be allowed to take the test twice. The curriculum content is set to be reduced to classrooms and will focus on critical thinking, and more on discovery based, inquiry based and analysis based learning. A new and comprehensive National Curriculum Framework for teacher education will be developed to improve teacher capabilities.

Medium of Instruction

The New Education Policy provides that the medium of instruction in schools shall be the mother tongue at least up to class 5th but preferably up to class 8th and beyond. This will improve learning at the school level and children will be able to better understand the subjects they will be studying.

Higher Education

In higher education, the Gross Enrollment Ratio will be increased to 50% by 2035 from the current 26.3%. The NEP 2020 also provides for a multidisciplinary higher education framework with portable credits and multiple exits with certificates, diplomas and degrees.

The aim of university education would be to develop good, well rounded and creative individuals. It proposes a higher education system that includes at least one large, multidisciplinary university and college in every district.

It proposes to increase access to higher education through open schooling, online education and open distance education. It seeks to end the fragmentation of higher education institutions and convert them into large multidisciplinary universities.

A comprehensive education system in higher education institutions in which engineering institutions like IITs will also move towards more arts and humanities and students of arts and humanities will learn more science so that education can be more holistic.

Adult Education

An excellent adult education curriculum framework will be developed by a new and well supported institution under NCERT.

The new curriculum will focus on foundational literacy and numeracy, critical life skills, such as health awareness, childcare, family welfare, vocational skill development, basic education and holistic education curriculum in arts, science, technology, culture, sports etc.

A National Literacy Mission will be launched to mobilize community organizations and volunteers to achieve adult literacy and education outcomes on a large scale. The government will work closely with NGOs and other community organizations and support them as needed.

How will it Improve Education in India?

The new education policy will give importance to the practical knowledge and skills of the students rather than pushing them towards rote learning. It is going to help the students to develop scientific temper from a very young age.

It is going to focus on universalizing access to higher education from early childhood, integrating over 20 million school children and providing education to even socio-economically disadvantaged children.
The increasing use of technology will help in bridging the gap in the existing system, students who were unable to access education will be connected to the education system with the help of technology. Technology will also aim at removing the traditional barriers of caste, class, society, occupation, etc.
Improving early access to education & childcare will strengthen the foundation of children’s education and make them better human beings. A strong foundation will help young children adapt and learn quickly.
The policy seeks to deregulate institutions and remove the shackles of bureaucracy. It will give more autonomy to educational institutions thereby improving their efficiency and delivery of education.

Conclusion about Essay on National Education Policy 2020

The New National Education Policy 2020 is a step in the right direction. It focuses on critical thinking, experiential learning, interactive classroom, integrated pedagogy and competency based learning. Inclusive digital education serves as a strong component of the policy. If investments are made in the education system and all states cooperate to meet the aspirations outlined in the policy, India will be able to take advantage of its young demographic.. Through a strong education system, India will take a big step towards establishing itself as a knowledge superpower.

Also Read: Essay on Coronavirus Pandemic in 1000 Words

Essay on National Education Policy 2020 in English 500 Words

This short essay on National Education Policy 2020 for School Students:

On July 29, 2020, the New Education Policy was announced by HRD Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank, which will replace the 34-year-old National Education Policy 1986. To formulate a new education policy, a committee of experts under the chairmanship of ‘ISRO’ chief K. Kasturirangan had prepared the draft of ‘National Education Policy 2020’ in May 2019.

20 Facts About New Education Policy 2020

India’s first Education Policy came in 1968 under Indira Gandhi’s government, which was suggested by the Kothari Commission.
The second Education Policy came in 1986 during the prime ministership of Rajiv Gandhi, under which the 10+2+3 model of education was adopted.
In 1992, P.V. Narasimha Rao amended the second Education Policy.
National Education Policy 2020 will be the third Education Policy of independent India after 1968 and 1986.
The name of the Ministry of Human Resource Development has been changed to Ministry of Education. Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank will be called the first education minister.
Under the New Education Policy, the 5 + 3 + 3 + 4 model will be implemented in place of the currently active 10 + 2 educational model.
The medium of instruction shall be the mother tongue, local or regional language up to the 5th standard.
Vocational courses will be started from 6th class.
According to the New Education Policy, the duration of undergraduate degrees for research students has been 4 years.
The M.Phil course has been abolished in the New Education Policy.
Now, one can do PhD directly after four years of the graduate degree program. No need to do M.Phil.
In the New Education Policy 2020, a target has been set to spend 6% of GDP on education, which is currently 4.43%.
Under the new education policy, a target of ‘ Education for All ‘ has been set at the secondary level with 100% GER (Gross Enrolment Ratio) in school education by the year 2030.
The GER (Gross Enrolment Ratio) in the upper class has been targeted to be 50% by the year 2035.
A new National Assessment Center named PARAKH will be set up to assess the progress of the students.
The New Education Policy 2020 aims to provide quality education to every child in the age group of 3-18 years by 2030.
Higher Education Commission of India will be created by replacing UGC, AICTC, NCTE.
Himachal Pradesh is the first state to implement the New Education Policy 2020.

National Education Policy 2020: Language Perspective

2021, International Journal of Management Research and Social Science

Education is one that can bring national unity in a multilingual nation, as well as it is a good means of maintaining multilingualism and national unity. Linguistic discourse somewhere connects us with our language and speech. Education policy is the basic requirement of any nation, which includes the analysis of the past, the need of the present and the possibilities of the future. Education policy is an important initiative towards ensuring the all-round development of Indian society. It aims to promote the preservation and development of all Indian languages. The main problem in a multilingual and multicultural country like India is to decide which language to use as a medium of instruction. It was for the first time that the mother tongue was made the medium of education at the primary level keeping in mind the interests of the Indian people in education policy. The language issues from paragraphs 4.11 to 4.22 have been presented very carefully under the heading 'Multilingualism and the power of language of this document. The inclusion of vernacular in education will give new life to the endangered languages and will help to keep children connected to their culture. Of course, this will lead to a qualitative increase in the creative ability of the students. India's cultural and social splendour lies in education in the native language i.e. mother tongue. The new education policy lays emphasis on the use of mother tongue or vernacular for the medium of primary education, which aims to advance children in the field of education by keeping children connected to their mother tongue and culture. In order to preserve this multilingual society it is necessary that children have the opportunity to learn multilingual proficiency from school education to college and university education. The National Education Policy 2020 proposes early implementation of a three-language formula to promote multilingualism from the school level. This education policy is a vibrant document to empower the mother tongue and Indian languages. New education policy 2020 has been announced in line with public aspirations and according to national needs and challenges. For the first time in the country, the use of technology in machine learning, artificial intelligence and translation has been emphasised in a policy document. Emphasis has been laid on the study of Indian languages, classical languages, and Sanskrit. The education system has four major dimensions-students, teachers, curriculum and infrastructural facilities. Keeping these four in mind, the new education policy appears with wide potential. If we try to understand in totality, at the policy level, special emphasis has been laid on language-multilingualism, language-education-teaching etc. The new education policy will help in contributing to the development of self-reliant India. If it is implemented well with better coordination with other policies then it will be a far-reaching policy. The objectives of the present study are to find out why and how far the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP2020) was necessary to prepare. How the education policy is an important initiative towards ensuring the all-round development of Indian society. The language issues in the document and how Multilingualism and the power of language of the NEP document can play a vital role for holistic development of the students from primary to higher education.

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Odisha has more than twenty tribal languages and imparting education to these children has had several challenges which have resulted in severe school dropouts. The study attempts to find out the possible outcomes of the language policy from the NEP 2020 of India. The researchers surveyed teachers and parents and conducted interviews with a much-acclaimed language expert from Odisha besides classroom observations. The finding summarizes that mother tongue education plays a significant role in the early childhood learning experience and subjects like Math and Science can be better understood in the mother language. The study found real issues and challenges in the implementation of Three Language Formulas, particularly in tribal-populated regions of the state. The problem of teacher inadequacy and lack of proper training may pose serious hindrances in the implementation of the language policy as envisaged by the NEP 2020. The study also found the status of English in the education sy...

Current Issues in Language Planning

Jason Anderson

This paper proposes a framework for multilingual language-in-education policy implementation, offered as a critically constructive response to India’s recent National Education Policy 2020 (GOI, 2020). Rooted in India’s existing educational language policy, our linguistically inclusive ‘Languages for Learning’ (LFL) framework is, we believe, structurally flexible, socioculturally feasible, economically viable and academically relevant. It aims to foster equity and also to ensure first language support and cognitive independence. Before presenting the framework, we critically review the multilingual policy guidance offered in NEP 2020, then lay out a theoretical foundation for the LFL framework based primarily on current translanguaging theory, and also discuss the history of India’s much maligned three-language formula (TLF), which forms the core of language policy in India. The framework itself is presented with reference to specific contextual challenges in India that may also serve to indicate its relevance for other multilingual contexts around the world. As such, the LFL framework is offered as a more multilingually-appropriate alternative to the reductive construct of ‘Medium of Instruction’, which itself originates in the monolingual habitus of historically outdated language-in-education policy theory. We invite critical evaluations of the utility of our framework, both for India and other multilingual contexts.

Mahendra Kumar Mishra

Dr Kotthireddy Mallareddy Reddy

Education is a tool for transmission of culture, accumulated knowledge and experiences of a society transformed through a medium of Language. World Federation of Modern Language Associations discussed about the following four goals of global education Knowledge, Skills, Attitude and Action which must be included in Language Teaching Curriculum. Global Education deals with the uniformity in design, content and structure of education system. India is a Multilingual, Multiethnic and Multicultural country in which many small groups speak diverse Languages and Dialects which are barriers to standardise, globalise and internationalisation of education to compete with international standards. The Language Policy in India relating to the use of Language in Administration, Judiciary, Legislative and Education System. It is pluralistic in its scope and with the help of Constitutional provisions encourages the citizens to use their Mother Tongue to develop as well as survival of Indian Languages. As per 1991 census more than 1650 Mother Tongues genetically belonging to five different Language Families prevailing in India given provision for education in multiple languages and mother tongues. The Sixth All India Educational Survey indicates that 41 languages are taught as School Languages and 19 of them are used as medium of instruction at different levels. In this critical context of Globalization of Education system this paper intended to reveal the importance of modernising the regional Languages Curriculum with the help of Language Technology to standardise Indian Languages to survive and cope up with International Languages.

RAMANUJAM MEGANATHAN

Language policy in education and the role of English in India: From library language to language of empowerment Ramanujam Meganathan This chapter explores language policy-making processes in the Indian context, implementation issues and the place and role of English in school education. Language in education policy derives from the Indian Constitution which guarantees linguistic rights to all citizens; most importantly, members of minority groups (both religious and linguistic) are granted a special right to be educated in their mother tongue. Despite this consensus, there have been numerous political and educational controversies regarding implementation of these constitutional provisions. The national language policy (or strategy) for school education, the three-language formula recommended by the National Commission on Education 1964–1966, was incorporated into the national education policies of 1968 and 1986. Accommodating at least three-languages in school education has been seen as a convenient strategy, but concerns have also been expressed from various quarters about its ‘unsatisfactory’ implementation.

JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

Resmi P Bhaskaran

Debate on the medium of instruction in the primary education in India has a long history. Initially it was between classical Indian languages and foreign language, English. Colonial rulers promoted English education with adequate fund and trained teachers with modern education background. In the advent of independence movement, the medium of instruction became a political issue. The issue of what should be the medium of instruction for mass education has received the attention in all the education commissions from 1853 onwards. Independent India delineated this issue within the context of national integration and brought out three tier language formula in 1968. Only a few Indian States implemented it, while majority ignored this policy proposal. Meanwhile, the demand for English as medium of instruction strengthened among the urban middle class, making way out for modern Indian languages also from the classrooms. The present paper is an enquiry into the strategy and the methodology delineated to handle the linguistic diversity of the nation as well as the socioeconomic mobility of the people through classrooms by Indian State using policy history framework.

Ramanujam Meganathan

INDIAN EDUCATIONAL REVIEW Vol. 53, No.2 July 2015 India's linguistic diversity makes language planning both complex and flexible for the number of languages available in schools in India is perceived both as a problem and a merit. India's language policy in school education, the three language formula emerged as a political consensus in the 1950s has become the guiding principle in fostering linguistic harmony among the languages and linguistic groups, though its implementation has been seen as unsatisfactory on many counts (NCERT, 2005a). The strategy of three language formula advocates mother tongue based multilingualism where the medium of learning is the mother tongue or the home language of children while it attempts to equip learners with functional proficiency at least in three languages at the end of ten years of schooling. This paper presents how the medium of instruction in school education is implemented in terms of policy provisions, status of implementation, its problems and place and role of English as a language and as a medium of instruction in schools based on the data collected for the research study conducted by the author at the national level during 2009-2011. It is disturbing to find that number of languages used as medium of instruction has been reduced to 47 from 60 during the last two and a half decade (Srinivasa Rao, 2008; Meganathan, 2011). 33of 35 states / provinces claim to offer English as a medium of instruction; this is more than any other language, but number of schools offering English as a medium of instruction is very less as compared to Indian languages as medium of instruction. The paper then moves on to discuss how the language policy acts as an instrument for exclusion of languages, particular minority, minor and tribal languages as media of learning as well as a subject even in primary years of learning. The paper also suggests ways to prevent the languages being thrown out of the school system and the need for recognizing the importance of medium of learning through the mother tongues while providing quality learning of English as a language in schools.

IJSRP Journal

The present paper presents a detailed account of the Indian Language Education Policy from a historical perspective and the issues associated with policy- making for language in education in the Indian socio-political context; It argues the outcome of the policies implemented in the colonial period and discusses the current status of implementation of these policies in the present Indian Educational scenario. It further elaborates the adoption of national and regional language policies of India in general and its outcomes in Tamil Nadu state in particular. Finally it discusses and evaluates the consequences and aftermath to be taken into account by the policy makers.

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Essay on New Education Policy 2020 in English (1000 Words)

Essay on New Education Policy 2020 in English is beneficial for Students. We provide complete information regarding the New Education Policy Essay such as the History of National Education Policy Advantages and Disadvantages of New Education Policy 2020, Aim and System of New National Education Policy 2020.

Today We Are Going To Discuss An Interesting Topic an Essay on the New Education Policy 2020 in English for School Students and Competition Aspirants (SSC SCL CHSL MTS, and other Descriptive Exams.

After reading this article about Essay on New Education Policy 2020 in English, you will be able to answer all important questions related to it. CBSE Digital Education provides all information regarding the New Education Policy 2020 Essay in English.

1.1 History of New Education Policy
1.2 Introduction to NEP 2020
1.3 Aim of New Education Policy 2020
1.4 System of New Education Policy 2020
1.5 Advantages of New Education Policy 2020
1.6 Challenges of New Education Policy 2020
1.7 Teacher Education
1.8 Conclusion about NEP 2020

This long Essay on New Education Policy 2020 is beneficial For School Students, College Students, Competition aspirants, SSC CGL CHSL MTS, and UPSC Exam.

History of New Education Policy

New Education Policy 2020 Essay – The need for a new education policy has been felt in the country for a long time. Three National Education Policies have been introduced in India till now. These three Policies are National Education Policy 1968, National Education Policy1986, and National Education Policy 2020.

The National Education Policy 1986 was revised in the year 1992. The emphasis of previous policies on education was mainly on issues of access to education.

The New Education Policy has been brought in keeping with the shortcomings of the previous education policy and the current and future needs, which can lead to large-scale transformative reforms in both the school and higher education sectors.

In June 2017, a committee was formed under the chairmanship of former ISRO chief Dr. K. Kasturi Rangan to formulate a new education policy. The draft of the National Education Policy was presented by this committee in May 2019.

Introduction to NEP 2020

To achieve full human potential, education is a fundamental requirement for the development of a just and equitable society and to promote national development. The whole world is undergoing rapid changes in the knowledge landscape.

In this context, the National Education Policy, 2020 was approved by the Government of India on July 29, 2020, and the Ministry of Human Resource Development was also renamed as the Ministry of Education. This new education policy will replace the 34-year-old National Education Policy 1986.

Aim of New Education Policy 2020

The New National Education Policy 2020 aims at the universalization of education from preschool to secondary level with a 100% Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) in schooling by 2030.

The New Education Policy 2020 proposes some changes, including the opening of Indian higher education in foreign universities, and the introduction of a four-year multidisciplinary undergraduate program with several exit options. The objective of the New Education Policy 2020 is to make India a global knowledge superpower.

The NEP 2020 policy also proposes that all universities and colleges aim to be multi-disciplinary by 2040. This policy will boost employment in the country and fundamentally change our educational system.

Also Read : Essay on Online Education in English for Students

System of New Education Policy 2020

This policy talks about reorganizing the existing 10 + 2 school system into a new system of 5 + 3 + 3 + 4, the basis of the curriculum and teaching of all children aged 3 to 18 years. At present, children between the ages of 3 to 6 are not included in the 10 + 2 structure, as 6-year-olds are admitted in class 1.

The current 10 + 2 system is to be replaced by a new 5 + 3 + 3 + 4 curriculum structure for the age of 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 years respectively.

Foundation Stage 5

Foundation Stage 5 is divided into two parts. For the first three years, children will take pre-schooling education in Anganwadi. After this, children will be studying in a school in classes 1 and 2 for the next two years. A new curriculum will be designed for these 5 years of studies. It will include children from 3 to 8 years old.

Initial stage 3

In the initial phase 3, children from classes 3 to 5 will be taught. During this time, children will be taught science, mathematics, art, etc. through experimentation. It will be taught to children between 8 and 11 years old.

Middle school stage 3

In this phase, children from classes 6 to 8 will be educated. These classes will be taught subject-based courses. Vocational courses will also be started from class 6, in which children will be taught a variety of skills. The child will be taught coding from class 6 itself. In addition, project-based learning will also start in class 6. Children of 11 to 14 years will be included in this phase.

Secondary stage 4

In this phase, students of classes 9 to 12 will study in two stages. In the first phase, there will be students of classes 9 and 10, and in the second phase, students of classes 11 and 12.

Students will also be given the freedom to choose the subject. There will be some subjects that will be general for all and there will be some optional subjects like art, music, vocational subjects , etc, out of which students will be able to choose the subject according to their interest. This phase will cover 14 to 18-year-olds.

Also Read: Essay on Coronavirus Pandemic in India

Advantages of New Education Policy 2020

To make the board exams of classes 10 and 12 easier, the core competencies have to be tested instead of memorized facts, all students are allowed to take the exam twice.

An independent authority to regulate both public and private schools. There is no rigid separation between educational streams, extra-curriculum, and vocational steam in schools. Vocational education starts in class 6 with an internship.

Challenges of New Education Policy 2020

Expensive Education : Under the New National Education Policy 2020, admission to foreign universities is expected to make the education system expensive.

Lack of human resources : There is a shortage of skilled teachers in current elementary education. In such a situation, practical problems are being seen in the implementation of the system made for elementary education under the National Education Policy, 2020.

The exodus of teachers: Admission to foreign universities will lead to the migration of skilled Indian teachers.

Teacher Education

A new and comprehensive National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education (NCFTE) will be prepared by NCTE in consultation with NCERT.

By 2030, the minimum degree qualification for teaching is a 4-year integrated B.Ed. Degree.

Conclusion about NEP 2020

Education is an essential and indispensable element for the all-around development of any society and country and a comprehensive national education policy is formulated by a nation to fulfill this requirement. The New National Education Policy, 2020, approved by the Government of India, is an important initiative in this direction.

The success of this new education policy will depend on how it is implemented. Therefore, it can be said that India is the country with the youngest population and India’s future will depend on providing high-quality educational opportunities to these youth.

6 thoughts on “Essay on New Education Policy 2020 in English (1000 Words)”

The national education policy 2020( NEP 2020) LAUNCH On july 29 2020.outline the vision 0f indias new education system NEP 2020 focuses on 5 pillars .1 AFFORDABILITY, 2.ACCESSSIBILITY 3.QUALITY. 4.EQUITY. 5.ACCONTABILITY.

I hereby ensure that NEP education policy have been followed in my school.

New education policy education policy which is the best for better future studentwhich allowed them to active their goals in life that also give their goal in life

NEP2020 is enhesive and supportive for the students which is very effective for competitive aspirant. Annual exam of class fifth should be conducted by the board.

Please send essay

national education policy 2020 essay

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National Education Policy 2020: Key Highlights

Important Highlights of National Education Policy 2020

National Education Policy 2020: School Education

Ensuring Universal Access at all levels of school education

Early Childhood Care & Education with New Curricular and Pedagogical Structure

Attaining Foundational Literacy and Numeracy

Reforms in school curricula and pedagogy

Vocational education will start in schools from the 6th grade and will include internships.

Multilingualism and the power of language

Assessment Reforms

Equitable and Inclusive Education

Robust Teacher Recruitment and Career Path

School Governance

National Education Policy: Higher Education

Increase GER to 50 % by 2035

Holistic Multidisciplinary Education

Rationalized Institutional Architecture

Motivated, Energized, and Capable Faculty

Teacher Education

Mentoring Mission

Financial support for students

Open and Distance Learning

Online Education and Digital Education:

Technology in education

Promotion of Indian languages

Professional Education

Adult Education

Financing Education

NEP: Consultation Process

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