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Published on September 14, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on April 16, 2024.
A thesis is a type of research paper based on your original research. It is usually submitted as the final step of a master’s program or a capstone to a bachelor’s degree.
Writing a thesis can be a daunting experience. Other than a dissertation , it is one of the longest pieces of writing students typically complete. It relies on your ability to conduct research from start to finish: choosing a relevant topic , crafting a proposal , designing your research , collecting data , developing a robust analysis, drawing strong conclusions , and writing concisely .
You can also download our full thesis template in the format of your choice below. Our template includes a ready-made table of contents , as well as guidance for what each chapter should include. It’s easy to make it your own, and can help you get started.
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Thesis vs. thesis statement, how to structure a thesis, acknowledgements or preface, list of figures and tables, list of abbreviations, introduction, literature review, methodology, reference list, proofreading and editing, defending your thesis, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about theses.
You may have heard the word thesis as a standalone term or as a component of academic writing called a thesis statement . Keep in mind that these are two very different things.
Professional editors proofread and edit your paper by focusing on:
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The final structure of your thesis depends on a variety of components, such as:
Humanities theses are often structured more like a longer-form essay . Just like in an essay, you build an argument to support a central thesis.
In both hard and social sciences, theses typically include an introduction , literature review , methodology section , results section , discussion section , and conclusion section . These are each presented in their own dedicated section or chapter. In some cases, you might want to add an appendix .
We’ve compiled a short list of thesis examples to help you get started.
The very first page of your thesis contains all necessary identifying information, including:
Sometimes the title page also includes your student ID, the name of your supervisor, or the university’s logo. Check out your university’s guidelines if you’re not sure.
Read more about title pages
The acknowledgements section is usually optional. Its main point is to allow you to thank everyone who helped you in your thesis journey, such as supervisors, friends, or family. You can also choose to write a preface , but it’s typically one or the other, not both.
Read more about acknowledgements Read more about prefaces
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An abstract is a short summary of your thesis. Usually a maximum of 300 words long, it’s should include brief descriptions of your research objectives , methods, results, and conclusions. Though it may seem short, it introduces your work to your audience, serving as a first impression of your thesis.
Read more about abstracts
A table of contents lists all of your sections, plus their corresponding page numbers and subheadings if you have them. This helps your reader seamlessly navigate your document.
Your table of contents should include all the major parts of your thesis. In particular, don’t forget the the appendices. If you used heading styles, it’s easy to generate an automatic table Microsoft Word.
Read more about tables of contents
While not mandatory, if you used a lot of tables and/or figures, it’s nice to include a list of them to help guide your reader. It’s also easy to generate one of these in Word: just use the “Insert Caption” feature.
Read more about lists of figures and tables
If you have used a lot of industry- or field-specific abbreviations in your thesis, you should include them in an alphabetized list of abbreviations . This way, your readers can easily look up any meanings they aren’t familiar with.
Read more about lists of abbreviations
Relatedly, if you find yourself using a lot of very specialized or field-specific terms that may not be familiar to your reader, consider including a glossary . Alphabetize the terms you want to include with a brief definition.
Read more about glossaries
An introduction sets up the topic, purpose, and relevance of your thesis, as well as expectations for your reader. This should:
In other words, your introduction should clearly and concisely show your reader the “what, why, and how” of your research.
Read more about introductions
A literature review helps you gain a robust understanding of any extant academic work on your topic, encompassing:
A literature review is not merely a summary of existing work. Rather, your literature review should ultimately lead to a clear justification for your own research, perhaps via:
Read more about literature reviews
Your literature review can often form the basis for your theoretical framework, but these are not the same thing. A theoretical framework defines and analyzes the concepts and theories that your research hinges on.
Read more about theoretical frameworks
Your methodology chapter shows your reader how you conducted your research. It should be written clearly and methodically, easily allowing your reader to critically assess the credibility of your argument. Furthermore, your methods section should convince your reader that your method was the best way to answer your research question.
A methodology section should generally include:
Read more about methodology sections
Your results section should highlight what your methodology discovered. These two sections work in tandem, but shouldn’t repeat each other. While your results section can include hypotheses or themes, don’t include any speculation or new arguments here.
Your results section should:
Additional data (like raw numbers or interview transcripts ) can be included as an appendix . You can include tables and figures, but only if they help the reader better understand your results.
Read more about results sections
Your discussion section is where you can interpret your results in detail. Did they meet your expectations? How well do they fit within the framework that you built? You can refer back to any relevant source material to situate your results within your field, but leave most of that analysis in your literature review.
For any unexpected results, offer explanations or alternative interpretations of your data.
Read more about discussion sections
Your thesis conclusion should concisely answer your main research question. It should leave your reader with an ultra-clear understanding of your central argument, and emphasize what your research specifically has contributed to your field.
Why does your research matter? What recommendations for future research do you have? Lastly, wrap up your work with any concluding remarks.
Read more about conclusions
In order to avoid plagiarism , don’t forget to include a full reference list at the end of your thesis, citing the sources that you used. Choose one citation style and follow it consistently throughout your thesis, taking note of the formatting requirements of each style.
Which style you choose is often set by your department or your field, but common styles include MLA , Chicago , and APA.
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In order to stay clear and concise, your thesis should include the most essential information needed to answer your research question. However, chances are you have many contributing documents, like interview transcripts or survey questions . These can be added as appendices , to save space in the main body.
Read more about appendices
Once you’re done writing, the next part of your editing process begins. Leave plenty of time for proofreading and editing prior to submission. Nothing looks worse than grammar mistakes or sloppy spelling errors!
Consider using a professional thesis editing service or grammar checker to make sure your final project is perfect.
Once you’ve submitted your final product, it’s common practice to have a thesis defense, an oral component of your finished work. This is scheduled by your advisor or committee, and usually entails a presentation and Q&A session.
After your defense , your committee will meet to determine if you deserve any departmental honors or accolades. However, keep in mind that defenses are usually just a formality. If there are any serious issues with your work, these should be resolved with your advisor way before a defense.
If you want to know more about AI for academic writing, AI tools, or research bias, make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!
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The conclusion of your thesis or dissertation shouldn’t take up more than 5–7% of your overall word count.
If you only used a few abbreviations in your thesis or dissertation , you don’t necessarily need to include a list of abbreviations .
If your abbreviations are numerous, or if you think they won’t be known to your audience, it’s never a bad idea to add one. They can also improve readability, minimizing confusion about abbreviations unfamiliar to your reader.
When you mention different chapters within your text, it’s considered best to use Roman numerals for most citation styles. However, the most important thing here is to remain consistent whenever using numbers in your dissertation .
A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.
Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:
A thesis is typically written by students finishing up a bachelor’s or Master’s degree. Some educational institutions, particularly in the liberal arts, have mandatory theses, but they are often not mandatory to graduate from bachelor’s degrees. It is more common for a thesis to be a graduation requirement from a Master’s degree.
Even if not mandatory, you may want to consider writing a thesis if you:
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Other forms: theses
A thesis is the most important or foundational idea of an argument. If the thesis of your paper is that chocolate ice cream is better than vanilla, you'll need to back that up with plenty of sundae-based research.
The noun thesis has more than one important sense to it. One definition of thesis is that it is the most important or foundational idea of an argument, presentation, or piece of writing. But it can also mean a large work of art, criticism, or scientific research that represents original research and is generally the final requirement for an academic degree.
A thorough survey of various textbooks, assignments, content area standards, and examinations yields the following list of words compiled by Jim Burke . You cannot expect to succeed on assignments if you do not understand the directions.
Persuade yourself to study this list of words related to argumentative writing. You'll learn all about making claims, supporting arguments with evidence, and maintaining an objective tone. It's no fallacy that reviewing these words will improve your credibility as a writer.
To improve your fluency in English Language Arts and Reading (ELAR), learn this academic vocabulary list that includes words selected from the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) state standards.
Whether you’re a teacher or a learner, vocabulary.com can put you or your class on the path to systematic vocabulary improvement..
While Sandel argues that pursuing perfection through genetic engineering would decrease our sense of humility, he claims that the sense of solidarity we would lose is also important.
This thesis summarizes several points in Sandel’s argument, but it does not make a claim about how we should understand his argument. A reader who read Sandel’s argument would not also need to read an essay based on this descriptive thesis.
Michael Sandel’s arguments about genetic engineering do not take into consideration all the relevant issues.
This is an arguable claim because it would be possible to argue against it by saying that Michael Sandel’s arguments do take all of the relevant issues into consideration. But the claim is too broad. Because the thesis does not specify which “issues” it is focused on—or why it matters if they are considered—readers won’t know what the rest of the essay will argue, and the writer won’t know what to focus on. If there is a particular issue that Sandel does not address, then a more specific version of the thesis would include that issue—hand an explanation of why it is important.
While Sandel argues persuasively that our instinct to “remake” (54) ourselves into something ever more perfect is a problem, his belief that we can always draw a line between what is medically necessary and what makes us simply “better than well” (51) is less convincing.
This is an arguable analytical claim. To argue for this claim, the essay writer will need to show how evidence from the article itself points to this interpretation. It’s also a reasonable scope for a thesis because it can be supported with evidence available in the text and is neither too broad nor too narrow.
Given Sandel’s argument against genetic enhancement, we should not allow parents to decide on using Human Growth Hormone for their children.
This thesis tells us what we should do about a particular issue discussed in Sandel’s article, but it does not tell us how we should understand Sandel’s argument.
Vocabulary
Synonyms for thesis ˈθi sɪs the·sis, this thesaurus page includes all potential synonyms, words with the same meaning and similar terms for the word thesis ., princeton's wordnet rate these synonyms: 0.0 / 0 votes.
thesis noun
an unproved statement put forward as a premise in an argument
Synonyms: dissertation
dissertation, thesis noun
a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research; usually a requirement for an advanced academic degree
Synonyms: dissertation , thesis
Dictionary of english synonymes rate these synonyms: 4.0 / 1 vote.
Synonyms: proposition , position , dictum , doctrine
Synonyms: theme , subject , topic , text
Synonyms: essay , dissertation , composition
List of paraphrases for "thesis":
dissertation , theses , theory , argument , proposition , contention , memory
Song lyrics by thesis -- Explore a large variety of song lyrics performed by thesis on the Lyrics.com website.
How to say thesis in sign language, words popularity by usage frequency.
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#2077 | ||
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Mike Pompeo :
What they did at Mar-a-Lago that day runs just square against the central thesis, which is about transparent, equal application of the law in the United States, especially when you do it against someone who was your former and could potentially be soon, could be again, your political opponent, and it is bigger than what just happened in Florida last week.
Ralph Waldo Emerson :
Sometimes a scream is better than a thesis.
Daniel Katzive :
The basic thesis that nothing permanently damaging has happened thus far has remained intact.
Jim Rossman :
A record 99 campaigns with an M&A-related thesis were launched in 2019.
Adam Sarhan :
I understand the aging demographic thesis for this group, but they're not nearly as liquid as I'd like.
Style: MLA Chicago APA
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Need another word that means the same as “thesis”? Find 22 synonyms and 30 related words for “thesis” in this overview.
Definitions of "thesis" as a noun, synonyms of "thesis" as a noun (22 words), usage examples of "thesis" as a noun, associations of "thesis" (30 words).
The synonyms of “Thesis” are: dissertation, theory, contention, argument, line of argument, proposal, proposition, premise, assumption, presumption, hypothesis, postulation, surmise, supposition, essay, paper, treatise, disquisition, composition, monograph, study, piece of writing
According to the Oxford Dictionary of English , “thesis” as a noun can have the following definitions:
An independent variable associated with a function or proposition and determining its value For example in the expression y F x x the arguments of the function F are x and x and the value is y. for submitting a formal appeal. | |
The taking up of the body and soul of the Virgin Mary when her earthly life had ended. that he has been injured we can infer that he will not play. | |
The action of putting things together; formation or construction. is essential in a serious work of art. | |
A point asserted as part of an argument. for first place. | |
A long or elaborate essay or discussion on a particular subject. on intertextual analysis. | |
A treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research; usually a requirement for an advanced academic degree. on the novels of the Bront sisters. | |
An attempt or effort. in job preservation. | |
A proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations. of the origin of the universe. | |
A fortified position (especially one marking the most forward position of troops. | |
A detailed and documented treatise on a particular subject. s on music in late medieval and Renaissance cities. | |
Wallpaper. s. | |
A separate part of a whole. | |
(logic) a declaration of something self-evident; something that can be assumed as the basis for argument. of the existence of a lost continent. | |
An assertion or proposition which forms the basis for a work or theory. of the report. | |
An attitude adopted in law or as a matter of policy towards an action or proposal in the absence of acceptable reasons to the contrary. in favour of development. | |
The act of making a proposal. of a flexible school leaving age. | |
A proposal offered for acceptance or rejection. . | |
A room used for reading and writing and studying. of a gay teenager. | |
A belief held without proof or certain knowledge; an assumption or hypothesis. that his death was murder. | |
A supposition that something may be true, even though there is no evidence to confirm it. . | |
A supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something, especially one based on general principles independent of the thing to be explained. of education. | |
A formal exposition. on Scottish political theory. |
The action of making an announcement. . | |
The teaching staff and students of a college considered collectively. was shocked by his death. | |
Move swiftly through or over. d escaped unharmed. | |
An award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has satisfactorily completed a course of study. . | |
A document certifying the successful completion of a course of study. | |
A long essay on a particular subject, especially one written for a university degree or diploma. on the novels of the Bront sisters. | |
Relating to or designed to achieve a doctorate. dissertation. | |
The highest degree awarded by a university faculty or other approved educational organization. in art history. | |
Gained or acquired; especially through merit or as a result of effort or action. run in baseball. | |
The United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education including federal aid to educational institutions and students created 1979. was less important than a boy s. | |
One-hundredth of a right angle. | |
A graduated cup tube flask or measuring glass used especially by chemists and pharmacists. d from Glasgow University in 1990. | |
A classroom in which a group of students assembles daily with the same teacher before dispersing to other classes. | |
The profession of a teacher. was carefully programmed. | |
Profound scholarly knowledge. . | |
Deliver an educational lecture or lectures. was my father s idea of discipline. | |
The action of making something that was previously illegal permissible by law. of cannabis. | |
The study of music as an academic subject, as distinct from training in performance or composition; scholarly research into music. | |
The principles and methods of instruction. is recognized as an important profession. | |
A doctorate usually based on at least 3 years graduate study and a dissertation; the highest degree awarded graduate study. | |
Take (the work or an idea of someone else) and pass it off as one’s own. d. | |
An institution of higher education offering courses at degree level or below, especially in vocational subjects. | |
Engaged in or intended for research. paper. | |
A document showing credits and debits. . | |
A school pupil. . | |
A person who directs and oversees the work of a postgraduate research student. | |
A person who teaches, especially in a school. . | |
The occupation, profession, or work of a teacher. s of religion. | |
Denoting or relating to an undergraduate. students. | |
The body of faculty and students at a university. . |
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
Synonyms for THESIS: argument, contention, assertion, hypothesis, theory, guess, assumption, hunch; Antonyms of THESIS: fact, knowledge, assurance, certainty
Find 48 different ways to say THESIS, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus.com.
A statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved. A long essay or dissertation involving personal research. A topic or theme that is being argued or under consideration. Explanation based on hypothesis and experiments. The general intention or meaning of an argument or statement.
Another way to say Thesis? Synonyms for Thesis (other words and phrases for Thesis). Synonyms for Thesis. 1 128 other terms for thesis- words and phrases with similar meaning. Lists. synonyms. antonyms. definitions. sentences. thesaurus. words. phrases. idioms. Parts of speech. nouns. verbs. adjectives. Tags.
Synonyms for THESIS: contention, contestation, hypothesis, belief, argument, postulate, premise, opinion, theory, principle, assumption, postulation, composition ...
Most related words/phrases with sentence examples define Thesis meaning and usage. Thesaurus for Thesis Related terms for thesis - synonyms, antonyms and sentences with thesis
THESIS - Synonyms, related words and examples | Cambridge English Thesaurus
Revised on April 16, 2024. A thesis is a type of research paper based on your original research. It is usually submitted as the final step of a master's program or a capstone to a bachelor's degree. Writing a thesis can be a daunting experience. Other than a dissertation, it is one of the longest pieces of writing students typically complete.
Synonyms for THESIS: dissertation, essay, monograph, paper, treatise, proposition, contention, hypothesis, idea, opinion, …
thesis: 1 n an unproved statement put forward as a premise in an argument Type of: assumption , premise , premiss a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn n a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research; usually a requirement for an advanced academic degree Synonyms: dissertation Type ...
Find 48 different ways to say THESIS, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus.com.
Thesis. Your thesis is the central claim in your essay—your main insight or idea about your source or topic. Your thesis should appear early in an academic essay, followed by a logically constructed argument that supports this central claim. A strong thesis is arguable, which means a thoughtful reader could disagree with it and therefore ...
What is another word for Thesis? Synonyms for Thesis ˈθi sɪs the·sis This thesaurus page includes all potential synonyms, words with the same meaning and similar terms for the word Thesis. Princeton's WordNet Rate these synonyms: 0.0 / 0 votes. thesis noun. an unproved statement put forward as a premise in an argument.
Need another word that means the same as "thesis"? Find 22 synonyms and 30 related words for "thesis" in this overview. Table Of Contents: Thesis as a Noun; Definitions of "Thesis" as a noun; Synonyms of "Thesis" as a noun (22 Words) Usage Examples of "Thesis" as a noun;
35,000 word(s) thesis - English Only forum a master thesis - English Only forum A professor having supervised the thesis work of an applicant during his/her doctoral studies - English Only forum Achieving top ranking/ top ranking student for MSc Thesis - English Only forum Acknowledgements of the thesis - English Only forum Addressing the inter-cell topics, the thesis has identified the inter ...
Synonyms for THESIS in English: proposition, theory, hypothesis, idea, view, opinion, proposal, contention, line of argument, dissertation, …
The meaning of THESIS is a dissertation embodying results of original research and especially substantiating a specific view; especially : one written by a candidate for an academic degree. How to use thesis in a sentence. Did you know?
1. Noun, singular or mass. Some students and professionals choose to write the thesis after they have written the paper itself. 2. Adjective. Other writers have difficulty making thesis statements clear, concise and credible.
More 700 Thesis synonyms. What are another words for Thesis? Dissertation, contention, proposition, argument. Full list of synonyms for Thesis is here.
Thesis definition: a proposition stated or put forward for consideration, especially one to be discussed and proved or to be maintained against objections. See examples of THESIS used in a sentence.
Another way to say Thesis Statement? Synonyms for Thesis Statement (other words and phrases for Thesis Statement). Synonyms for Thesis statement. 56 other terms for thesis statement- words and phrases with similar meaning. Lists. synonyms. antonyms. definitions. sentences. thesaurus. words. phrases. Parts of speech. nouns. Tags. statement.
thesis (that…) a statement or an opinion that is discussed in a logical way and presented with evidence in order to prove that it is true. The basic thesis of the book is fairly simple. These latest findings support the thesis that sexuality is determined by nature rather than choice.