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PROJECT in Model of the Atom , Atomic Mass , Subatomic Particles , Electrons . Last updated March 25, 2020.

In this project, students will become familiar with and have a workable understanding of atomic structure. The students will also create and construct a model of an atom.

Grade Level

High and Middle School

By the end of this project, students should be able to

• Understand the basic parts of an atom.
• Be aware of the characteristics of subatomic particles.
• Understand the principles of atomic mass and atomic number.

Chemistry Topics

This project supports students’ understanding of

• Models of Atom
• Subatomic Particles
• Atomic Mass

Teacher Preparation : 10 minutes

Lesson : 1-2 weeks (complete outside of class)

• Research materials can be varied or specified by teacher, i.e. internet research, book research, or even a magazine research
• Materials for the construction of both parts of the project are varied and the choice of the student

Teacher Notes

• Atomic Structure background information
• I recommend assigning elements to decrease a repeat of common and well-known elements, or you may allow students to randomly choose an element.
• To differentiate, students should depict his or her knowledge of common isotopes and common ions of the chosen element.
• In Part 2 of the project where the model of an atom is constructed, teacher may want to review the different types of models of elements that exist, i.e. Bohr, J.J. Thompson, or Dalton’s version.
• A student checklist/grading rubric and student note sheet have been provided for student guidance.

For the Student

• Pick an element from the Periodic Table. You will research this element and choose one way to present what you learn. This is a chance for you to be creative!
• Complete the “Element Project Notes” packet as you research your element. This will be turned in as part of the final project. You will need to have at least two sources for your information, and these sources must be listed in your packet.
• You will have a certain amount of time allotted in class to research your element. After that, work must be done for homework.
• You will present your element to the class. In your oral presentation, you will need to tell the audience your element name, what project you chose and why, and five other interesting facts about your element. Depending on what project you choose, performing the project for the class or showing your student created video could substitute for your presentation.

Choose a project from the following options:

Pretend that:

• You are a news anchor. Prepare a script for a newscast announcing your element and the five interesting facts about it.
• You are a children’s book author. Write and illustrate a children’s book about your element.
• You are a marketing expert. Prepare a brochure, infomercial, or a billboard advertising your element.
• You are a songwriter. Take a popular song and rewrite the lyrics to teach about your element.
• You are a scientist at a conference. Put together a PowerPoint or Keynote presentation to share information about the element.
• Using the element you choose from part 1, create a model of an atom of that element. This project will help you to understand atomic structure.
• The following subatomic particles can be shown in the suggested colors and locations. You may pick other colors just make sure that the key reflects the colors:
• Electrons – orange – electron cloud
• Protons – green – nucleus
• Neutrons – pink – nucleus
• All electrons, protons, and neutrons must be shown. In addition, you must work individually. You will present your model when you give your presentation of part 1.
• Use the provided grading checklist and project notes pages as you complete your research.

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Subject: Element ReSeArCH Project

This lesson was designed for general level chemistry students as an introduction to the periodic table and/or the elements (I have used it as an introduction to both topics). It involves having the students research the answers to several questions concerning the origin of the periodic table, naming of the elements, and basis for some of the element's names. I have had my classes spend two 50 minute class periods in our school's library using books, textbooks, encyclopedias, and current periodicals to complete the project.

I have found that this project helps my students become familiar with the periodic table (in general), the people involved in its creation, how the elements are named, some of the symbols derived from Latin and Greek element names (when the students know why the symbol for iron is Fe they tend to be able to remember it easier), and the relative placement of some of the elements. In addition to this, it helps my general students realize that chemistry isn't an isolated subject; within this project they look back at some history, investigate some etymology, encounter a few foreign languages, travel around the world, and gaze into space.

I hope it proves useful to you, and that you enjoy it as much as I do. If you have any comments or suggestions about this project please feel free to contact me.

Note: The greatest source of condensed information on the etymology of the elements is an article titled * "Elemental Etymology: What's in a Name?" by David W. Ball ( Journal of Chemical Education Volume 62, Number 9, September, 1985, pg. 787-788). An additional resource is The Chemical Elements: Their Discovery and the Origins of their Names . However, I don't let the students use these resources.

* Provided with permission of author.

Element ReSeArCH Project 118K (MS Word 6.0)

Element ReSeArCH Project (PDF)

Michael Geyer ( m_geyer@thecatalyst.org ) Deer Park High School, Cincinnati, OH

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Periodic Table Trends Activity Download , print, and cut the cards you need to do this activity. Then watch the instructional video (in English or en Español) to learn how to play.

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High School Classroom Activities Browse chemistry classroom resources from the American Association of Chemistry Teachers.

Periodic Table Activities Want to learn more about this centerpiece of chemistry? Take your pick from this collection of links about elements and the periodic table! Build an element ball, solve periodic puzzles, and check out some of the most unusual periodic tables you’ve ever seen.

The Chemistry Name Game As students play the Chemistry Name Game, they will learn why compounds form as they do. They will also learn how to correctly name chemical compounds and write chemical formulas.

Mole Day Activities Celebrated annually on October 23 from 6:02 a.m. to 6:02 p.m., Mole Day commemorates Avogadro's Number (6.02 x 10 23 ), which is a basic measuring unit in chemistry. Find ways to celebrate this chemistry holiday!

Alchemy Activities A main goal of many alchemists of the past was to turn lead into gold. This collection of links explores the history of alchemy, the connection of alchemy to modern day chemistry, and some fun activities to experience a taste of the alchemist’s life.

Metal Ligand Activity - Connections with Forensics This activity is integrated into a crime scene investigation, in which dirt is found under each suspect’s shoe. Each dirt sample is then compared to dirt found at the crime scene. Spraying Windex onto the samples produces a color that depends on the metal residing in the dirt. By comparing colors across samples, we might be able to determine the real culprit.

Cleaning Up With Atom Economy The green chemistry principle of atom economy applies to chemical reactions, and minimizes waste down to the molecular level. This exercise uses molecular models to calculate atom economy for a saponification reaction.

Green Chemistry Test Questions Green chemistry high school test questions

Graphics and Videos

Periodic Table of Moles As part of the ChemClub's 10 th  Anniversary, we asked clubs to create elements of the periodic table featuring a mole.

Endangered Elements Infographic The Period Table of Endangered Elements presents elements facing supply restrictions in the coming years. The research was conducted by the Chemical Innovation Knowledge Transfer Network.

Periodic Graphics A monthly collaboration between C&EN and Andy Brunning, chemistry educator and author of the popular graphics blog Compound Interest.

Download an Updated Periodic Table from ACS Publications Is the periodic table hanging in your lab, classroom, or office woefully out of date? Replace that old relic with a free updated periodic table from ACS Publications! 

Big Sharks and Manganese In this video, Sam Kean tells stories about manganese.

Lesson Plans

Unit Plan: The Periodic Table This unit plan from the American Association of Chemistry Teachers  has everything you need to put together a unit plan for your classroom: lessons, activities, labs, projects, videos, simulations, and animations. We constructed a unit plan using AACT resources that is designed to teach the Periodic Table to your students.

Ptable.com Investigations In this activity, students will use the online periodic table,  ptable.com , to investigate a number of chemistry concepts. Students will use this online resource to explore information about the elements, including historical data, physical properties, periodic trends and more.

Exploring Elements In this project, students will select an element and then use Ptable.com to explore aspects of the element including its periodicity, electron configuration, history, and uses in industry.

Q&A with Michael Dayah Recently,  Chemistry Solutions  caught up with Michael Dayah, creator of  ptable.com  — one of the first online periodic tables. We asked him to share his story about how he created ptable.com as a high school chemistry student, and how he’s updated it since then to support teachers in more recent years.

Chemical Landmark Lesson Plan: Discovery of Oxygen Discover how chemistry was practiced during Joseph Priestley’s time (1733-1804), developments leading to the discovery of oxygen, the historical context of scientific discoveries made at this time, and related developments in chemistry that took place during the late 1700s and early 1800s.

Chemical Landmark Lesson Plan: Development of Baking Powder Gain insight into the history and chemistry featured in the development of baking powder.

Chemical Landmark Lesson Plan: Man and Materials Through History Learn about connection between materials science and cultural and technological developments, specifically relating to the development of the world’s first synthetic plastic, Bakelite ® .

Chemical Landmark Lesson Plan: Discovery of Fullerenes Learn about the fascinating chemistry of fullerenes and the events that led to their discovery.

Safety & Guidelines

Guidelines for Chemical Laboratory Safety in Secondary Schools These guidelines were developed to help high school teachers in all science subjects to progressively increase their understanding of best practices to ensure the safety of their students and themselves in the scientific learning experience. It is hoped that these guidelines will help teachers to nurture a culture of science safety early in students’ academic and professional careers. It is also hoped that these guidelines will prepare teachers to handle any incident or emergency situation that might arise in the science classroom or laboratory..

Guidelines and Recommendations for Teaching Middle & High School Chemistry Learn to navigate the core concepts of chemistry based on recommended standards for middle school and high school students. Chemistry lessons often include hands-on activities in the lab. ACS gives you a variety of tools to ensure your learning spaces, lesson plans, and materials are safe for you and your students. These strategies are written specifically for chemistry teachers and address the challenges of helping students reach their fullest potential in chemistry.

ChemMatters Magazine

ChemMatters  is a magazine that helps high school students find connections between chemistry and the world around them.

Featured articles:

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• The Many Looks of the Periodic Table
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Educators’ reflections on the teaching and learning of the periodic table of elements at the upper secondary level: a case study

It is an undeniable fact that the periodic table is an essential tool for both chemists and chemistry students, as it represents all presently known 118 elements, their properties and the trends in their properties. It is reported to be “… a rather holistic and all-inclusive aspect of chemistry…” (Scerri E. Explaining the Periodic Table, and the role of chemical triads. Found Chem 2010;12:69–83) and an understanding of the periodic table lays the foundation for effective learning of chemistry. However, it is also reported that students find the topic challenging and educators find the topic difficult to teach. Thus, an attempt is made in this study to allow educators to reflect on the challenges encountered in teaching and learning of the periodic table and related concepts at the secondary level. This study reports chemistry educators’ reflection on the teaching and learning of the periodic table at the secondary school level in Mauritius . Data was collected through a questionnaire, which included both open- and close ended questions pertaining to the teaching and learning of chemistry. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data through the lens of the constructivist learning framework . The results indicate that the major barriers for adopting constructivist practices when teaching the periodic table are inadequate educators’ knowledge of students’ alternate conceptions and knowledge of how students learn the periodic table as a classification system. The findings from this study inform how to improve the teaching and learning of the periodic table from a constructivist viewpoint. Thus, through this study, it is expected that enhancing educators’ pedagogical content knowledge of the periodic table could potentially help overcome students’ challenges of learning periodic table.

Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

Research funding: None declared.

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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How to Write Research Proposal: 13 Elements of Research Proposal

The Research Proposal is a concise document of your proposed research project with clearly stated objectives, expected challenges, study execution plan to achieve milestones and it must be supported with valid scientific citations. The research proposal is a document created with the intention of convincing a prospect that the research project being proposed by the candidate is worthwhile which must also focus on the candidate's capability to successfully execute the project by outlining the clear research plan to achieve set goals [1]. The inclusion of unnecessary information that is not relevant to the research being proposed also becomes the cause of the chaos that ultimately results in proposal rejection [2]. The details in a research proposal have to be extremely relevant to the subject. It must be noted as per previous studies that the research proposals are considered of good quality if and only if the writer has focused on the subject by qualitatively selecting citations to support the claims instead of quantitatively adding partial or fully irrelevant literature as in references; as of just to increase the word count of the document [3]. Research Proposal Format and Sections The research proposal is a document intended to convince the prospect that you have a worthwhile research project and capability with an organized research plan to achieve the targeted goals. Most of the research proposals lack the necessary information by skipping on essential sections in a research proposal as per previous studies and that becomes the reason for their proposal rejection. This article provides insights into writing a well-structured research proposal that contains all the essential sections. This article spotlights the major elements that must be covered in a research proposal document. These sections are the title, abstract, introduction, statement of objectives, analysis of literature, research methodology, research plan, budget estimations, research team particulars, funding source, co-worker acknowledgments, and references. Sections of a Research Proposal A well-composed research proposal begins with a short and to the point (self-explanatory) title. Whereas the introduction part must demonstrate in-depth but clearly supportive literature review to highlight the problems or challenges, objectives and significance of the research study being proposed. The research proposal needs to include all the significant elements of the proposed research project and adequate information to enable the prospect to accurately evaluate the merits and feasibility of the proposed project and the writer must be aware of the dynamic trends that may influence proposal writing by keeping the most updated scientific terms in the proposal.

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A identificação do ritmo de crescimento das variáveis dendrométricas de espécies florestais com o uso da análise de tronco é rápida, eficiente e de grande importância na tomada de decisões para o manejador florestal. Sendo assim, objetivou-se neste trabalho analisar a evolução das curvas de produção, Incremento Médio Anual (IMA) e Incremento Corrente Anual (ICA) da altura, diâmetro, área transversal e volume individual da Bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella), em diferentes classes de sítio, bem como, ajustar modelos matemáticos para expressar a evolução dessas variáveis, ao longo dos anos. A base de dados proveio da análise completa de tronco de 29 árvores, coletadas na região metropolitana de Curitiba, com idades variando de sete a 18 anos, distribuídas em três classes de sítio. Após as medições e processamento básico dos dados, ajustaram-se seis modelos matemáticos conhecidos na literatura, para cada uma das quatro variáveis dendrométricas em análise, independentemente para cada sítio. O...

Jose Luiz Rodrigues Torres

Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Arbiter is one of the main core elements in the network scheduler. The significant goal of this work is to design a high-speed and low execution-time arbiter with lock free and fair arbitration scheme. In this work, four types of arbiters such as matrix arbiter (MA), ping pong arbiter (PPA), distributive round-robin arbiter (DRRA) and enhanced ping lock arbiter (EPLA) are designed and analyzed area, delay, and speed of arbiters. MA is worked in square matrix format and matrix transition is performed for effective routing. The DRRA is designed by using a multiplexer and counter. Hence an, effective scheduling is carried out in DRRA. Binary tree format is used in PPA. The PPA provides low chip size and high speed than existing MA and DRRA. The PPA limits fair arbitration during uniformly distributed active request patterns. To overcome this problem, PPA is improved with some lock systems to create an EPLA. A new ping lock arbiter (PLA) leaf and PLA inter structure is proposed at the gate level to reduce the execution delay, improve the speed and achieve fair arbitration over all other existing arbiters. Resource allocation, execution delay, and speed are analyzed using the Xilinx integrated software environment (ISE) tool.

Cambridge University Press eBooks

Richard Burian

heirsh soltanpanah

Background: Project risk management is one of the main topics in project management which provides the possibility of rating risks based on their criticality and giving appropriate and on time response. Objective: This is much important in big industrial projects including oil projects. For the present study, first experts’ panel and interview were used, based on which 116 main risks in big repair project of 18-inch oil transfer pipeline from Cheshmeh Khosh to Ahwaz were identified and five main risk evaluation indices, i.e. time, quality, safety, cost and environmental effects were ranked based on fuzzy TOPSIS method and fuzzy network analysis process. Results: Then, using questionnaire, the probability of occurrence and the effectiveness of each identified risk based on five indices were investigated and at the end, the final ranking of each risk was identified. Conclusion: The results of study showed that ranking based on TOPSIS, fuzzy network analysis process had almost the same...

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6 facts about americans and tiktok.

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Teens and Video Games Today

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Across eight countries surveyed in Latin America, Africa and South Asia, a median of 73% of adults say they use WhatsApp and 62% say they use Facebook.

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The State of Online Harassment

Roughly four-in-ten Americans have experienced online harassment, with half of this group citing politics as the reason they think they were targeted. Growing shares face more severe online abuse such as sexual harassment or stalking

Parenting Children in the Age of Screens

Two-thirds of parents in the U.S. say parenting is harder today than it was 20 years ago, with many citing technologies – like social media or smartphones – as a reason.

Dating and Relationships in the Digital Age

From distractions to jealousy, how Americans navigate cellphones and social media in their romantic relationships.

Americans and Privacy: Concerned, Confused and Feeling Lack of Control Over Their Personal Information

Majorities of U.S. adults believe their personal data is less secure now, that data collection poses more risks than benefits, and that it is not possible to go through daily life without being tracked.

Americans and ‘Cancel Culture’: Where Some See Calls for Accountability, Others See Censorship, Punishment

Social media fact sheet, digital knowledge quiz, video: how do americans define online harassment.

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