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• Made by History

What Biden Can Learn From Reagan’s D-Day Speech

T oday, President Joe Biden gives remarks at the 80th anniversary of D-Day in Normandy to honor past military sacrifices and triumphs. But with an eye toward the 2024 presidential race, he is also following a well-worn playbook of leveraging international travel to win domestic political points.

Indeed, his Republican predecessor, Ronald Reagan, used the exact same anniversary 40 years ago to deliver one of his most famous overseas speeches, as a part of a carefully choreographed ten-day tour of Europe. The tour was designed to showcase Reagan, a strong orator, at his most "presidential" in a bid to boost his re-election chances while upstaging his Democratic rivals. Reagan’s ability to master what CBS reporter Lesley Stahl observed as “political one-upmanship”—as he confidently performed his role of head of state abroad, while remaining above the political fray at home—stands as a model for the Biden Administration today, as he too aims to bolster his re-election campaign.

Read More: The World War II Stories Tom Hanks and Steven Spielberg Should Tackle After Masters of the Air , According to a Historian

Reagan toured Europe from June 1-10, 1984, with a stated goal of strengthening U.S.-European relations. But Reagan’s team planned his visit with its domestic impact firmly in mind. This high-profile overseas trip created a platform from which Reagan could highlight some of the key achievements of his first term and present his views on issues that were critical to voters, without formally campaigning. He was polling poorly at the time, with Gallup showing that just 37% of Americans supported his foreign policy. His management of the economy was also the subject of much debate. Furthermore, Reagan’s earlier trip to Europe was branded as “stumbling and overscheduled,” so a second tour offered a chance to improve public perceptions of his capabilities as a statesman.

The tour began in Ireland, and with 40 million Americans of Irish ancestry (including Reagan), it was no secret that his campaign sought their support in the upcoming election. Although Reagan was not Catholic, the Administration clearly believed that a trip to Ireland would impress the crucial bloc of Catholic voters (many of them former Democrats) that had helped elect him in 1980. In a memo outlining the potential domestic impact of the visit, former diplomat Thomas Patrick Melady stated that “the two important factors in the domestic equation are Irish and Catholic.” In a bid for these all-important “Reagan Democrats,” as the press had dubbed them, Melady even proposed inviting a delegation of journalists from Catholic newspapers to participate in this leg of the journey.

Reagan’s next stop was Normandy, where his high-profile attendance at the 40th anniversary D-Day memorial service allowed the White House to showcase his oratory skills and demonstrate his ability to be dignified and statesmanlike on the world stage.

Read More: Ronald Reagan's Playbook Can Offer Biden a Lesson on Iran

Reagan’s aides deliberately timed the delivery of his Normandy address to capitalize on NBC, CBS, and ABC’s interest in the anniversary, moving the timing to 7 a.m. EST in an effort to upstage the results of the previous night’s Democratic primaries (including the all-important primary election in California) on American morning news programs. Peggy Noonan, one of Reagan’s speechwriters, studied photographs of the location where Reagan would speak to tailor his comments according to what television viewers would see as he gave his speech. Footage of Reagan’s Normandy address was later shown at the Republican National Convention in prime time, reinforcing its importance for the campaign.

Reagan’s last stop was London, where he attended the G7 Summit. Once again, his aides planned for this Summit to bolster his re-election bid. The U.K. Ambassador in Washington, D.C., Oliver Wright, sent key telegrams to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office to assist in planning the G7, one of which stated: “What the president wants above all from his visit to London is an outcome that will play well in his election campaign. His staff tell us that he will want to look 'presidential.'” Indeed, Washington Post journalist Lou Cannon reported that on one occasion three members of the print press corps were asked to leave the room, to allow space for the Republican National Committee’s film cameras to gather footage for Reagan’s campaign advertising material. Such overt political calculations did not deter the message, according to Cannon, who boldly declared upon Reagan’s return to American soil that “no president since John F. Kennedy has performed as successfully on the world stage.”

So, how successful was this strategy? Despite the sustained and broadly positive media coverage this trip secured, Reagan’s approval ratings did not increase between the start and end of the trip, nor were there any notable shifts in opinion polls on key policy decisions. However, Reagan established a media narrative that became central to his campaign, all while avoiding financing the trip, and the staged photo opportunities, from his campaign budget.

In short, the president used his dual status as head of state and elected politician to his fullest political advantage when embarking on his program of pre-election travels. His landslide election victory later that year suggests that no challenger stood a chance against an incumbent who so clearly thrived in his role as the "Great Communicator."

Sarah Thomson holds a Ph.D. in 20th century U.S. political history from the University of Edinburgh. She now works as a curator at the National Library of Scotland, and also as a freelance historical writer. Her freelance work has previously appeared in History Today, The Washington Post and Atlas Obscura.

Made by History takes readers beyond the headlines with articles written and edited by professional historians. Learn more about Made by History at TIME here . Opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of TIME editors .

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Biden to give D-Day anniversary speech; Fat Joe fights for hospital price transparency

Suzanne Nuyen

Biden in Normandy, Political Messaging in Congress, Final Primaries of 2024

Good morning. You're reading the Up First newsletter.  Subscribe  here to get it delivered to your inbox, and  listen  to the Up First podcast for all the news you need to start your day.

Today's top stories

President Biden arrived in France this morning to commemorate the 80th anniversary of D-Day, when Allied forces stormed the beaches of Normandy, taking the Nazis by surprise and turning the tides of World War II. Biden is expected to meet with D-Day veterans , many of whom are more than 100 years old. The anniversary comes while a land war once again rages in Europe with Russia's invasion of Ukraine, whose president Biden will also meet.

World War II veteran Gene Kleindl, age 102, from Rockford, Ill., receives a kiss from Chantell Boivin while leaving the Normandy American Cemetery on June 4 in Colleville-sur-Mer, France. Kleindl, a medic in the U.S. Army's 90th Infantry Division, arrived on the beaches of Normandy on D-Day. Win McNamee/Getty Images hide caption

• 🎧 The president's speech is billed as an address to the American people about "freedom and democracy," NPR's Tamara Keith tells Up First . These are also key themes of Biden’s re-election effort.
• ➡️ D-Day ultimately helped end World War II . The largest sea-to-land invasion in history wouldn't have been possible without deep knowledge of ocean tides .

NASA won't pursue a wealthy private astronaut's plan to send a maintenance crew to the Hubble Space Telescope for now. Jared Isaacman's mission aimed to boost the telescope higher into orbit. Instead, officials say they will change how the telescope points to avoid using a glitchy gyroscope. Mark Clampin, the director of NASA's astrophysics division, says he expects Hubble to "continue producing science through the rest of this decade and into the next."

This fall, Arizona voters will decide whether local and state police should have the power to enforce immigration law. The state's House of Representatives approved the proposal yesterday, two weeks after it cleared the state Senate. If voters pass the measure, entering Arizona from Mexico outside of a designated port of entry would become a state crime . The proposal is similar to a Texas law currently blocked by a legal challenge. (via KJZZ )

We, the voters

Fat Joe arrives on Tuesday, Feb. 13, 2024, at Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles. Jordan Strauss/Invision/AP hide caption

As part of the We, The Voters series, NPR is bringing you stories about how politics impacts the nation's health care system. 

Rapper Fat Joe wants us to know we're being robbed. The crooks: hospitals and insurance executives. Last year, President Biden signed an executive order enforcing a Trump-era rule requiring hospitals to make the prices of health services public. But a 2023 report by the nonprofit Patient Rights Advocate found that most hospitals are not complying with those rules.

🎧 Listen to Fat Joe explain why he says the time is up for politicians to pass laws that give Americans quality, affordable health care. You can read the interview highlights here .

The science of siblings

Honoré Prentice (in yellow shirt and glasses), who lives in Canada, met three of his birth siblings, who live in the U.S., in person on Dec. 13, 2021. The brothers were all born in Haiti. Family photo hide caption

Honoré Prentice (in yellow shirt and glasses), who lives in Canada, met three of his birth siblings, who live in the U.S., in person on Dec. 13, 2021. The brothers were all born in Haiti.

The Science of Siblings is a new series from NPR exploring the ways our siblings can influence us, from our money and our mental health all the way down to our very molecules. 

When siblings are adopted, many are placed with different families, often in different countries. Websites that match DNA and social media platforms have made it easier for these siblings to connect across borders. But while this process can be a heartwarming, joyful experience, it can also be challenging and emotionally charged. From Sri Lanka to Sweden, NPR spoke with four families who found their birth siblings.

3 things to know before you go

Beyonce, a beagle with one ear, pictured at Homeward Trails Animal Rescue in Fairfax, Virginia in August 2022 after being rescued from the Envigo breeding and research facility. Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images hide caption

• A breeding facility in Virginia has agreed to pay a record $35 million fine nearly two years after thousands of beagles were rescued from the location due to unsafe conditions.
• The NAACP is warning American Airlines it will reinstate a travel advisory against the airline if it doesn't provide answers to recent racial discrimination incidents.
• Ippei Mizuhara, the former interpreter for LA Dodgers star Shohei Ohtani, has pleaded guilty to charges related to the theft of nearly $17 million from the player to cover gambling debts.

This newsletter was edited by  Olivia Hampton .

Biden to give D-Day anniversary speech; Fat Joe fights for hospital price transparency

Good morning. You're reading the Up First newsletter.  Subscribe  here to get it delivered to your inbox, and  listen  to the Up First podcast for all the news you need to start your day.

Today's top stories

President Biden arrived in France this morning to commemorate the 80th anniversary of D-Day, when Allied forces stormed the beaches of Normandy, taking the Nazis by surprise and turning the tides of World War II. Biden is expected to meet with D-Day veterans , many of whom are more than 100 years old. The anniversary comes while a land war once again rages in Europe with Russia's invasion of Ukraine, whose president Biden will also meet.

• 🎧 The president's speech is billed as an address to the American people about "freedom and democracy," NPR's Tamara Keith tells Up First . These are also key themes of Biden’s re-election effort.
• ➡️ D-Day ultimately helped end World War II . The largest sea-to-land invasion in history wouldn't have been possible without deep knowledge of ocean tides .

NASA won't pursue a wealthy private astronaut's plan to send a maintenance crew to the Hubble Space Telescope for now. Jared Isaacman's mission aimed to boost the telescope higher into orbit. Instead, officials say they will change how the telescope points to avoid using a glitchy gyroscope. Mark Clampin, the director of NASA's astrophysics division, says he expects Hubble to "continue producing science through the rest of this decade and into the next."

This fall, Arizona voters will decide whether local and state police should have the power to enforce immigration law. The state's House of Representatives approved the proposal yesterday, two weeks after it cleared the state Senate. If voters pass the measure, entering Arizona from Mexico outside of a designated port of entry would become a state crime . The proposal is similar to a Texas law currently blocked by a legal challenge. (via KJZZ )

We, the voters

As part of the We, The Voters series, NPR is bringing you stories about how politics impacts the nation's health care system. 

Rapper Fat Joe wants us to know we're being robbed. The crooks: hospitals and insurance executives. Last year, President Biden signed an executive order enforcing a Trump-era rule requiring hospitals to make the prices of health services public. But a 2023 report by the nonprofit Patient Rights Advocate found that most hospitals are not complying with those rules.

🎧 Listen to Fat Joe explain why he says the time is up for politicians to pass laws that give Americans quality, affordable health care. You can read the interview highlights here .

The science of siblings

The Science of Siblings is a new series from NPR exploring the ways our siblings can influence us, from our money and our mental health all the way down to our very molecules. 

When siblings are adopted, many are placed with different families, often in different countries. Websites that match DNA and social media platforms have made it easier for these siblings to connect across borders. But while this process can be a heartwarming, joyful experience, it can also be challenging and emotionally charged. From Sri Lanka to Sweden, NPR spoke with four families who found their birth siblings.

3 things to know before you go

• A breeding facility in Virginia has agreed to pay a record $35 million fine nearly two years after thousands of beagles were rescued from the location due to unsafe conditions.
• The NAACP is warning American Airlines it will reinstate a travel advisory against the airline if it doesn't provide answers to recent racial discrimination incidents.
• Ippei Mizuhara, the former interpreter for LA Dodgers star Shohei Ohtani, has pleaded guilty to charges related to the theft of nearly $17 million from the player to cover gambling debts.

This newsletter was edited by  Olivia Hampton .

Copyright 2024 NPR

Biden to give D-Day anniversary speech; Fat Joe fights for hospital price transparency

Good morning. You're reading the Up First newsletter.  Subscribe  here to get it delivered to your inbox, and  listen  to the Up First podcast for all the news you need to start your day.

Today's top stories

President Biden arrived in France this morning to commemorate the 80th anniversary of D-Day, when Allied forces stormed the beaches of Normandy, taking the Nazis by surprise and turning the tides of World War II. Biden is expected to meet with D-Day veterans , many of whom are more than 100 years old. The anniversary comes while a land war once again rages in Europe with Russia's invasion of Ukraine, whose president Biden will also meet.

• 🎧 The president's speech is billed as an address to the American people about "freedom and democracy," NPR's Tamara Keith tells Up First . These are also key themes of Biden’s re-election effort.
• ➡️ D-Day ultimately helped end World War II . The largest sea-to-land invasion in history wouldn't have been possible without deep knowledge of ocean tides .

NASA won't pursue a wealthy private astronaut's plan to send a maintenance crew to the Hubble Space Telescope for now. Jared Isaacman's mission aimed to boost the telescope higher into orbit. Instead, officials say they will change how the telescope points to avoid using a glitchy gyroscope. Mark Clampin, the director of NASA's astrophysics division, says he expects Hubble to "continue producing science through the rest of this decade and into the next."

This fall, Arizona voters will decide whether local and state police should have the power to enforce immigration law. The state's House of Representatives approved the proposal yesterday, two weeks after it cleared the state Senate. If voters pass the measure, entering Arizona from Mexico outside of a designated port of entry would become a state crime . The proposal is similar to a Texas law currently blocked by a legal challenge. (via KJZZ )

We, the voters

As part of the We, The Voters series, NPR is bringing you stories about how politics impacts the nation's health care system. 

Rapper Fat Joe wants us to know we're being robbed. The crooks: hospitals and insurance executives. Last year, President Biden signed an executive order enforcing a Trump-era rule requiring hospitals to make the prices of health services public. But a 2023 report by the nonprofit Patient Rights Advocate found that most hospitals are not complying with those rules.

🎧 Listen to Fat Joe explain why he says the time is up for politicians to pass laws that give Americans quality, affordable health care. You can read the interview highlights here .

The science of siblings

The Science of Siblings is a new series from NPR exploring the ways our siblings can influence us, from our money and our mental health all the way down to our very molecules. 

When siblings are adopted, many are placed with different families, often in different countries. Websites that match DNA and social media platforms have made it easier for these siblings to connect across borders. But while this process can be a heartwarming, joyful experience, it can also be challenging and emotionally charged. From Sri Lanka to Sweden, NPR spoke with four families who found their birth siblings.

3 things to know before you go

• A breeding facility in Virginia has agreed to pay a record $35 million fine nearly two years after thousands of beagles were rescued from the location due to unsafe conditions.
• The NAACP is warning American Airlines it will reinstate a travel advisory against the airline if it doesn't provide answers to recent racial discrimination incidents.
• Ippei Mizuhara, the former interpreter for LA Dodgers star Shohei Ohtani, has pleaded guilty to charges related to the theft of nearly $17 million from the player to cover gambling debts.

This newsletter was edited by  Olivia Hampton .

Copyright 2024 NPR

The Telegraph

King delivers speech at D-Day 80th anniversary event | In full

Posted: 5 June 2024 | Last updated: 5 June 2024

The King has taken to the stage to give a speech at a commemorative event in Portsmouth this morning to kick off events in the UK and France to mark the 80th anniversary of D-Day. He joined the Queen, the prime minister, and the Prince of Wales, who gave a reading shortly beforehand, as well as over 500 veterans, at a ceremony to commemorate the allied invasion of the beaches of northern France in 1944. The King arrived on site shortly after 11.40am, an hour after the Prince of Wales. The decision to minimise his time on site was made as part of an effort to “calibrate” his working day in lieu of his ongoing cancer treatment, the Telegraph understands. It is the most high-profile public appearance the King has made since his diagnosis, with The Telegraph first reporting that this D-Day anniversary was at the heart of plans for his return to public duty before Easter. The event in Portsmouth, which served as a key launch pad for the invasion of the beaches of northern France in 1944, has got under way is due to culminate in a flypast by the Royal Air Force Red Arrows. The Normandy landings of June 6 1944, involving troops from UK, the USA, Canada, and France, was the largest seaborne invasion in history, with the battle laying the foundation for an Allied victory. Read more here: <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/06/05/dday-anniversary-king-queen/">https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/06/05/dday-anniversary-king-queen/</a> #dday80 #kingcharles #portsmouth

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Trump press conference livestream: Watch as former president discusses conviction

One day after he was found guilty on all 34 counts in his New York criminal  hush money trial , former President Donald Trump is expected to give a press conference Friday morning.

USA TODAY is providing live coverage of Trump's press conference, which is scheduled to begin Friday at 11 a.m. ET in Trump Tower. You can watch live at the embedded video live at the top of the page or on USA TODAY's YouTube channel .

Trump, the presumptive Republican nominee, was found guilty by a jury Thursday of falsifying business records to hide a hush money payment to porn star Stormy Daniels ahead of the 2016 presidential election. He is the first former U.S. president to be convicted of a crime.

Donald Trump's guilty verdict: How will it hit his reelection bid? Is his political fallout here?

“This is just a disgrace,”  Trump told reporters  in the hallway outside the courtroom after he was convicted. “We didn’t do anything wrong. I’m an innocent man.”

Prep for the polls: See who is running for president and compare where they stand on key issues in our Voter Guide

It was the closure to a more-than six weeks-long trial, the first criminal trial in U.S. history against a former president.

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Biden Calls for End to Gaza War, Endorsing Israeli Cease-Fire Proposal

The president outlined a plan to try to get Hamas and Israel to break out of a monthslong deadlock that has resulted in the killing of thousands of Palestinians.

• Share full article

Biden Endorses Israeli Cease-Fire Proposal

President biden at the white house on friday outlining a new three-phase proposal from the israeli government that ideally would lead to a permanent cease-fire in gaza..

Israel has offered a comprehensive new proposal. It’s a road map to an enduring cease-fire and the release of all hostages. This proposal has been transmitted by Qatar to Hamas. This is truly a decisive moment. Israel has made their proposal. Hamas says it wants a cease-fire. This deal is an opportunity to prove whether they really mean it. Hamas needs to take the deal. For months, people all over the world have called for cease-fire. Now it’s time to raise your voices and demand that Hamas come to the table, agrees to this deal and ends this war that they began. At this point, Hamas no longer is capable of carrying out another Oct. 7. And the Palestinian people have endured sheer hell in this war. Too many innocent people have been killed, including thousands of children. It’s time to begin this new stage. The hostages come home, for Israel to be secure, for the suffering to stop. It’s time for this war to end, and for the day after to begin. Thank you very much.

By Zolan Kanno-Youngs and David E. Sanger

Zolan Kanno-Youngs reported from Rehoboth Beach, Del., where President Biden will be spending the weekend. David E. Sanger reported from Washington.

• May 31, 2024

Declaring Hamas no longer capable of carrying out a major terrorist attack on Israel, President Biden said on Friday that it was time for a permanent cease-fire in Gaza and endorsed a new plan he said Israel had offered to win the release of hostages and end the fighting.

“It’s time for this war to end, for the day after to begin,” Mr. Biden said, speaking from the State Dining Room at the White House. He also gave a stark description of Hamas’s diminished capabilities after more than seven months of Israeli attacks, saying that “at this point, Hamas is no longer capable of carrying out another Oct. 7.”

“This is truly a decisive moment,” Mr. Biden said. “Israel has made their proposal. Hamas says it wants a cease-fire. This deal is an opportunity to prove whether they really mean it.”

With that statement, Mr. Biden appeared to be revealing his true agenda: making public elements of the proposal in an effort to pressure both Hamas and Israel to break out of a monthslong deadlock that has resulted in the killing of thousands of Palestinians.

American officials have described Hamas’s leader, Yahya Sinwar , as interested only in his own survival and that of his family and inner circle, as they presumably operate from tunnels deep under southern Gaza. But officials have also said Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel has little incentive to move to a real cease-fire, because of the widespread belief in Israel that as soon as the surviving hostages are returned, and a last cease-fire begins, he will most likely lose his fragile hold on power.

Mr. Biden’s remarks came at a pivotal moment in his re-election campaign, a day after his rival, former President Donald J. Trump, was convicted of 34 felony charges. At the same time, he has been facing growing pressure at home over the bloodshed in Gaza, which has led to eruptions on college campuses and on the streets of American cities, and alienated many of his own supporters.

Mr. Biden described the three-phase Israeli plan as a “comprehensive new proposal” that amounted to a road map to an “enduring cease-fire.” But at several moments in the past few months, Mr. Netanyahu has directly contradicted Mr. Biden. And so far, Hamas has never accepted a comprehensive proposal, declaring in its public statements that fighting must end before major hostage releases or any agreement with Israel.

Hints of differences came almost as soon as Mr. Biden finished speaking. Following his speech, the Israeli Prime Minister’s Office said the Israeli government was “united in the desire to bring home our hostages as soon as possible.”

But it added that Mr. Netanyahu had stipulated to Israeli negotiators that they could not reach a deal that would end the war before all their goals were achieved, including the destruction of Hamas’s military and governing capacities in Gaza.

“The exact outline that Israel has offered — including the conditional progression from stage to stage — enables Israel to maintain that principle,” Mr. Netanyahu’s office said.

Hamas reacted positively to Mr. Biden’s speech in a statement on social media, saying that it was willing to deal “constructively” with any cease-fire proposal based on a permanent truce, the complete withdrawal of Israeli forces from Gaza, the return of displaced Palestinians to their homes and a “serious prisoner exchange.”

Many of the hard-liners in Mr. Netanyahu’s right-wing coalition did not immediately respond to Mr. Biden’s address because of the Jewish Sabbath, which began before his remarks. Mr. Netanyahu’s nationalist allies, like Itamar Ben-Gvir , the national security minister, have said they could leave the government if an agreement ended the war before Hamas’s complete destruction.

“I know there are those in Israel who will not agree with this plan and will call for the war to continue indefinitely,” Mr. Biden said, adding that some in Mr. Netanyahu’s government have made clear they want to “occupy Gaza.”

“They want to keep fighting for years, and the hostages are not a priority to them,” Mr. Biden said in what appeared to be a direct message to the far-right members of Mr. Netanyahu’s cabinet. “I’ve urged leadership of Israel to stand behind this deal.”

Mr. Biden has faced questions over how long he was willing to support Israel’s military campaign in Gaza, and particularly its most recent attacks in the southern Gaza city of Rafah. The bloodshed in Gaza has left more than 36,000 people dead.

Israel’s national security adviser said this week that he expected the war to continue through at least the end of the year.

Global pressure to scale down the military operation increased after the International Court of Justice, an arm of the United Nations, ruled last week that Israel must halt its military offensive in Rafah. The court, however, has no means of enforcing the order.

Friday’s remarks were Mr. Biden’s first public comments about the war since an Israeli strike and subsequent fire on Sunday killed at least 45 people, including children, and wounded 249 in an encampment for the displaced, according to Gazan health officials. A visual analysis by The New York Times found that Israel used U.S.-made bombs in the strike, forcing the White House to face difficult questions over American responsibility for rising death toll.

Mr. Biden said on Friday that he saw the “terrible images” from the deadly fire.

“The Palestinian people have endured sheer hell in this war,” Mr. Biden said after describing the pain of those whose relatives were “slaughtered by Hamas terrorists on Oct. 7” and the “anguish” of Israeli families waiting for hostages to be released.

Mr. Biden also said too many innocent people had been killed in Gaza, “including thousands of children,” and addressed the many Americans who are infuriated over the way his administration has handled the conflict.

“I know this is a subject on which people in this country feel deep passionate convictions,” Mr. Biden added. “So do I. This has been one of the hardest, most complicated problems in the world. There’s nothing easy about this.”

In describing the four-and-a-half page Israeli proposal, Mr. Biden said it would be broken into three phases. The first would begin with a roughly six-week cease-fire, the withdrawal of Israeli forces from populated areas of Gaza and a release of elderly and female hostages held by Hamas, in exchange for the release of hundreds of Palestinian detainees. Mr. Biden said there were still details that still needed to be negotiated to move on to the next phase — apparently including how many Palestinians would be released in return for each freed Israeli hostage.

In the second phase, as described by a senior administration official who briefed reporters after Mr. Biden spoke, all the remaining Israeli hostages would be released, including male soldiers. All hostilities would end, and, the official said, all Israeli forces would withdraw from Gaza. In the past, Mr. Netanyahu has publicly rejected a complete withdrawal, maintaining that would result in a resurgent Hamas, once again in control of the territory.

It is unclear, from the description given to reporters in the briefing, who would govern the territory, though in the past the United States has said that would most likely be the Palestinian Authority, which has struggled to run the West Bank.

In the third phase, the remains of hostages who have died would be exchanged, rubble cleared and a three- to five-year reconstruction period would begin, backed by the United States, Europe and international institutions. But that plan sounded almost aspirational, given the level of destruction and the near-famine conditions.

Mr. Biden, however, portrayed this road map as reasonable — if the terrorist group goes along. “As long as Hamas lives up to its commitments, a temporary cease-fire will become, in the words of the Israeli proposal, a cessation of hostilities permanently,” Mr. Biden said.

American officials said they believed that following the meeting in Paris last weekend between William J. Burns, the C.I.A. director, and David Barnea, the head of Israel’s Mossad spy agency, Israel made significant concessions on the hostage talks. Those included reducing the number of live hostages they required to be released in the early phase.

Still, a person briefed on the matter said the negotiations were “on pause” while Israel conducts its operation in Rafah.

Mr. Biden has also been involved in the hostage talks, even though he has not traveled for any of the negotiating sessions. Mr. Biden’s role, officials said, has been most notable in the pressure he has put on Mr. Netanyahu to continue to negotiate and reduce Israeli demands.

But on Friday, Mr. Biden was clearly focusing his pressure on Hamas, arguing that taking this offer was their best shot at ending the war and moving toward a cease-fire.

“Everybody who wants peace now must raise their voices,” Mr. Biden said, adding that the public should let Hamas leaders “know they should take this deal. Work to make it real, make it lasting and forge a better future out of the tragic terror attack and war.”

Aaron Boxerman contributed reporting from Jerusalem, and Julian E. Barnes from Washington.

Zolan Kanno-Youngs is a White House correspondent, covering President Biden and his administration. More about Zolan Kanno-Youngs

David E. Sanger covers the Biden administration and national security. He has been a Times journalist for more than four decades and has written several books on challenges to American national security. More about David E. Sanger

Our Coverage of the Israel-Hamas War

News and Analysis

After a barrage from Hezbollah militants on northern Israel, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu threatened a “very intense”  military response.

Even as Hamas and Israel appear to be inching closer to a cease-fire agreement, analysts are skeptical that the sides will ever implement a deal  that goes beyond a temporary truce.

Some Gazans are urging Hamas to accept a cease-fire plan outlined by President Biden, but many remain deeply skeptical  that the United States, as Israel’s chief ally, would truly bring an end to the war.

Columbia Law School: The website of the Columbia Law Review was taken offline by its board of directors after its editors published  an article arguing Palestinians are living under a “brutally sophisticated structure of oppression” by Israel that is a crime against humanity.

A Debate at Holocaust Museums: The Israel-Hamas war has also forced Holocaust museums to confront one of the most emotional and divisive issues within the Jewish community: how to discuss the Israeli-Palestinian conflict .

In the West Bank: Since the war in Gaza began, armed Jewish settlers in the Israeli-occupied territory, often accompanied by the army, have stepped up seizures of land long used by Palestinians .

A Fateful Encounter: In an Israeli prison infirmary, a Jewish dentist came to the aid of a desperately ill Hamas inmate. Years later, the prisoner became a mastermind of the Oct. 7 attack .